Onco Actu du 5 juin 2020

	1. BIOLOGIE
Yale Cancer Center Scientists Reveal How Mutations in Metabolism Can Drive Cancers [Yale] In a paper published today in the journal Nature, Yale Cancer Center (YCC) scientists have identified mutations in metabolite-producing genes as a disruption of DNA repair. These mutation-driven “oncometabolites” may make cells more prone to developing cancer—but also more vulnerable to new cancer treatment strategies.
	3.3 PRÉVENTION - VACCINS
HPV Vaccines That Work in U.S. Women May Miss the Target in Women From Other Countries [Dartmouth] Years of work in Honduras, led by Gregory J. Tsongalis, PhD, has shown a very different prevalence of hrHPV there compared to the U.S. The majority of cervical cancers are caused by persistent infection with hrHPV with different vaccines available to protect against HPV infection.
	4. DÉPISTAGE, DIAGNOSTIC ET PRONOSTIC
Some types of prostate cancer may not be as aggressive as originally thought [UCLA] Researchers at the UCLA Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center analyzed gene-expression patterns in the most aggressive prostate cancer grade group — known as Gleason grade group 5 — and found that this grade of cancer can actually be subdivided into four subtypes with distinct differences. The findings may affect how people are treated for the disease.
	4.2 DÉP., DIAG. & PRONO. - GÉNOME
For Acute Myeloid Leukemia, Genetic Testing Is Often Worth the Wait [Blood] Study suggests treatment delay does not increase risks and offers a window for selection of more personalized therapy.
Identifying survivors at high risk of secondary cancers [St. Jude Chldren's Research Hospital] The work relied on whole genome sequencing of DNA from blood samples gathered through the St. Jude Lifetime Cohort study (St. Jude LIFE). The team in St. Jude LIFE brings long-term childhood cancer survivors back to the hospital for regular health screenings throughout their adult lives.
	5. TRAITEMENTS
MD Anderson and Rakuten Medical announce strategic alliance to advance Illuminox platform for cancer treatments [MD Anderson Cancer Center] Illuminox is a technology combining drugs and laser device systems being evaluated for the treatment of different cancers.
	5.1 TRAITEMENTS - PRÉ-CLINIQUE
Revealed: how cancer develops resistance to treatment [Garvan Institute] Cancer cells can turn on error-prone DNA copy pathways to adapt to cancer treatment, a breakthrough study published in the journal Science has revealed. Bacteria use the same process, termed stress-induced mutagenesis, to develop antibiotic resistance.
	5.12.11 IMMUNOTHÉRAPIES - PRÉ-CLINIQUE
Tumors Disrupt the Immune System Throughout the Body [UCSF] Different Tumor Types Have Distinct Effects on Mouse Immune System; Parallel Findings in Humans Suggest Applications for Cancer Immunotherapy.
Moves and countermoves: How the immune system responds to lung cancer’s ‘tactics’ [Cancer Research UK] “The therapeutic message out of that is that we believe that this tells us that we need to intervene as early as possible with immunotherapies when we have a younger immune system within the tumour.”
	5.12.4 IMMUNOTHÉRAPIES - ESSAIS
A new immunotherapeutic agent for children and adolescents with advanced lymphoma [Gustave Roussy] The excellent results of the phase III international paediatric study, Inter-B-NHL ritux 2010, have been published today in the New England Journal of Medicine. This academic trial involved two international cooperative groups — the European Intergroup for Childhood Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma (EICNHL) and the Children’s Oncology Group (COG).
	5.12.5 IMMUNOTHÉRAPIES - PHARMA
Bristol Myers is cleaning up the post-Celgene merger pipeline, and they’re sweeping out an experimental checkpoint in the process [EndPoints] The big biotech’s leadership did a little housecleaning with a major pact it had forged with Jounce. Out went the $2.6 billion deal and a collaboration on ICOS and PD-1.
	5.12.6 IMMUNOTHÉRAPIES - AMM
Atezolizumab Plus Bevacizumab Approved to Treat Liver Cancer [NCI] In the study that led to the approval, called IMbrave150, liver cancer patients treated with atezolizumab and bevacizumab lived substantially longer than those treated with sorafenib (Nexavar). They also lived longer without their cancer getting worse.
	5.2.1 PHARMA - PARTENARIATS
Accent, AstraZeneca take aim at RNA modifiers in $55M cancer pact [Fierce Biotech] Accent is working on five programs of its own, including two it plans to push into the clinic in 2022: METTL3, an RNA methyltransferase that plays a role in acute myeloid leukemia and solid tumors, and ADAR1, an RNA editor for solid tumors.
AstraZeneca puts $55M into Accent as pharmas continue push to drug RNA [Biopharma Dive] Accent aims to find and selectively block enzymes that might, for instance, lead to the production of proteins that drive tumor growth.
José Baselga finds promise in new class of RNA-modifying cancer targets, locking in 3 preclinical programs with $55M [EndPoints] Accent works in a burgeoning field sometimes referred to as epitranscriptomics, which features players such as Storm Therapeutics and Gotham Therapeutics. As with epigenetics, the goal is to control gene expression and function rather than altering the genetic code itself.
	5.2.6 PHARMA - BIOTECH
Cullinan Oncology Reels In $98M to Advance Cancer Drug Pipeline [Xconomy] The two most advanced Cullinan programs are now in early-stage testing. A Cullinan subsidiary called Apollo is developing VK-2019, a small molecule designed to address Epstein-Barr virus, which is also linked to lympohomas, gastric cancers, and nasopharyngeal carcinoma.
	5.3.4 TRAITEMENTS - AMM (FDA, EMA,...)
Genmab Announces European Marketing Authorization for the Subcutaneous Formulation of DARZALEX® (daratumumab) for the Treatment of Patients with Multiple Myeloma [Genmab] Approval follows positive opinion by European Committee for Medicinal Products for Human Use (CHMP) in April 2020 and applies to all current daratumumab indications in frontline and relapsed/refractory settings.
	5.5 ASCO
ASCO Virtual Scientific Meeting Convened Record Number of Oncology Professionals from across the Globe [ASCO] More than 42,700 attendees from 138 countries have participated thus far, learning virtually about new clinical cancer advances in every area of cancer research.
	5.5.15 ASCO (BIOPSIES LIQUIDES)
Tumor Mutational Burden in Blood May Predict Immunotherapy Response in Head, Neck Cancer [Genome Web] An analysis of retrospective data from the Phase III EAGLE study suggests that tumor mutational burden (TMB), as assessed through cell-free DNA in patients' blood plasma, may predict which head and neck squamous cell carcinoma patients are likely to respond to checkpoint inhibitors.
	5.9.3 EHA
GSK announces new data presentations from the DREAMM programme exploring investigational belantamab mafodotin in patients with relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma [GSK] 16 presentations, including new analyses from the pivotal DREAMM-2 study and initial results from the DREAMM-4 study, will be presented at the European Hematology Association (EHA) Annual Congress.
	6.15 LUTTE CONTRE LES CANCERS - COVID-19
COVID-19 Mortality in UK Patients with Cancer on Anticancer Treatments Described [ESMO] Results of the UK Coronavirus Cancer Monitoring Project.