Onco Actu du 19 mai 2020

	1. BIOLOGIE
Cancer researchers locate drivers of tumor resistance [EurekAlert!] By studying tumors in cell lines, mice and human samples, the team documented genetic signals that promote the conversion of cancer cells from one stage to another. The journal Nature Cell Biology published the research May 18.
	2.5 ETIOLOGIE - GÉNOME
Breast Cancer Susceptibility GWAS Highlights Dozens New Loci, Some Subtype-Specific [Genome Web] Nearly half of the susceptibility loci appeared to have heterogeneous interactions depending on the breast cancer subtype or tumor grade considered, they reported, and a handful of variants had associations going in opposite directions in specific breast cancer subtypes.
Genome Study Links DNA Changes to the Risks of Specific Breast Cancer Subtypes [Johns Hopkins] The new analysis, published May 18 in Nature Genetics, made use of data gathered by the Cambridge, UK-based Breast Cancer Association Consortium from more than 100 breast cancer studies conducted over the past 15 years, mostly among women of European ancestry.
	4.16 DÉP., DIAG. & PRONO. - PANCRÉAS
Scientist May Have Found The First Screening Test For Detecting Lymph Node Metastasis In Pancreatic Cancer Patients [City of Hope] It turns out that there are six distinct genes or microRNAs at play: miR-155-5p, miR-196b-5p, miR-365a-5p, miR-629-5p, miR-675-3p and miR-92b-3p. A quality assurance test showed that the scientists’ proposed screening test had an accuracy level of 78%.
	5.12.11 IMMUNOTHÉRAPIES - PRÉ-CLINIQUE
Scientists identify promising immunotherapy combination for pediatric brain cancer [Sanford Burnham Prebys] Scientists at Sanford Burnham Prebys have discovered that combining immunotherapy with a drug called tumor necrosis factor (TNF) eradicated a deadly type of pediatric brain tumor in mice. The discovery, published in Nature Neuroscience, is expected to lead to a clinical trial to test the benefits of the treatment in patients.
	5.12.6 IMMUNOTHÉRAPIES - AMM
FDA approves atezolizumab for first-line treatment of metastatic NSCLC with high PD-L1 expression [FDA] The FDA also approved the VENTANA PD-L1 (SP142) Assay (Ventana Medical Systems, Inc.) as a companion diagnostic device for selecting patients with NSCLC for treatment with atezolizumab.
Roche's Tecentriq nabs a solo OK in first-line lung cancer. But will it gain traction? [Fierce Pharma] Of course, chemo is no longer the standard of care it was when Roche started the study. It’s been displaced by Keytruda, either alone or in tandem with chemo for those who can tolerate it.
Bristol Myers, trailing Merck in lung cancer, finally wins FDA OK for immunotherapy combo [Biopharma Dive] Merck's Keytruda, when combined with chemotherapy, has become the standard of care for a majority of lung cancer patients. Bristol Myers' regimen hasn't proven to be superior.
FDA approves Roche’s Tecentriq as a first-line monotherapy for certain people with metastatic non-small cell lung cancer [Roche] Approval based on the Phase III IMpower110 study showing Tecentriq demonstrated a significant overall survival benefit in people with high PD-L1 expression compared with chemotherapy.
Roche's Tecentriq wins FDA approval as first-line therapy for some lung cancer forms [AstraZeneca] Tecentriq has already received four other approvals across NSCLC in the United States, including as a single agent or in combination with other therapies.
	5.2 PHARMA
Clovis' Rubraca wins prostate cancer approval, but data from rival Lynparza dampen commercial expectations [EndPoints] The approval was based on a single-arm TRITON2 study, with a 44% confirmed objective response rate in 62 second-line patients. A late-stage study evaluating the impact of Rubraca on overall survival in prostate cancer patients is ongoing.
AstraZeneca nabs speedy review, as $7B ADC races to blockbuster status [EndPoints] The non-small cell lung cancer review is based in part on data from a Phase II trial set to be presented at ASCO at the end of the month. Those data show a 62% response rate across 42 relapsed or refractory patients, with an estimated median progression-free survival of 14 months.
	5.2.1 PHARMA - PARTENARIATS
Flatiron Health, Foundation Medicine and Genentech Partner to Launch Novel Prospective Lung Cancer Clinical Study [Flatiron] The Prospective Clinico-Genomic Study aims to understand the cancer patient journey at scale by linking real-world clinical outcomes with genomic data, clinical images, and digital pathology data.
	5.3.4 TRAITEMENTS - AMM (FDA, EMA,...)
Deciphera fills in where Blueprint falls short with early FDA nod in rare stomach cancer [Fierce Pharma] Noting that Qinlock is the only next-generation drug allowed to treat KIT-driven GIST, SVB Leerink analyst Andrew Berens projected it could generate $1.6 billion in all lines of therapy in the U.S. and key EU countries.
	5.5.10 ASCO (HÉMATO)
J&J posts a solid round of positive early data for their BCMA/CD3 bispecific teclistamab, highlighting blockbuster expectations [EndPoints] JNJ-7957, their BCMA/CD3 bispecific now called teclistamab, hit a 67% overall response rate among the 12 patients with multiple myeloma who received the highest dose available in their Phase I trial. Among those 8 of 12 patients, 3 achieved a complete response, with no visible sign of the disease.
	5.6 ESMO
ESMO Breast Cancer Virtual Meeting 2020 [ESMO] The 2020 ESMO Breast Cancer Congress will be held as a virtual meeting, on 23-24 May. The programme will address relevant topics for breast cancer researchers and clinicians who have a specific interest in innovation and care.
	6. LUTTE CONTRE LES CANCERS
Climate Change Threatens Progress in Cancer Control [ACS] The commentary, appearing in CA: A Cancer Journal for Clinicians, says that progress in the fight against cancer has been achieved through the identification and control of cancer risk factors and access to and receipt of care. And both these factors are impacted by climate change.
	6.15 LUTTE CONTRE LES CANCERS - COVID-19
COVID-19 and cancer: do we really know what we think we know? [Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology] Early published data on COVID-19 in patients with cancer are being referenced in clinical guidelines, despite methodological flaws that limit the quality of much of this evidence. In the next phase of research in this area, we argue that the quality of observational evidence should be prioritized over speed of publication.