Onco Actu du 31 mars 2020

	3.1.1 PRÉVENTION - TABAC - E-CIGS
The World Pushes Back Against E-Cigarettes and Juul [NY Times] Facing ire at home, the e-cigarette giant counted on international expansion to offset losses in the U.S., but the regulatory response abroad has been even worse.
	4. DÉPISTAGE, DIAGNOSTIC ET PRONOSTIC
Better cancer screening in resource-poor nations [Nature Outlook] Programmes to catch cancers early are on the increase in low- and middle-income countries, but some face cultural and logistical challenges.
How AI is improving cancer diagnostics [Nature Outlook] Artificial intelligence can spot subtle patterns that can easily be missed by humans.
The pros and cons of screening [Nature Outlook] Increasingly sensitive tests have raised the risk overdiagnosis. Understanding a person’s chance of disease could reduce the harmful side effects of screening.
Cancer diagnosis [Nature Outlook] We are pleased to acknowledge the financial support of GRAIL, Inc. in producing this Outlook. As always, Nature retains sole responsibility for all editorial content.
	4.12 BIOPSIES LIQUIDES
Can a blood test pinpoint lung cancers in high-risk people? [Stanford Medicine] In the current study, Diehn and Alizadeh integrated information from CAPP-Seq with other molecular features of non-small cell lung cancers to develop a test they call 'lung cancer likelihood in plasma', or Lung-CLiP. After optimization, they found that Lung-CLiP could identify between 40% and 70% of patients with early-stage lung cancers.
The future of liquid biopsy [Nature Outlook] The analysis of tumours using biomarkers in blood is beginning to transform cancer diagnosis, says Catherine Alix-Panabières. The challenge now is to make liquid biopsy a standard clinical tool.
Could liquid biopsies help deliver better treatment? [Nature Outlook] Tests that capture tumour signatures in the blood have the potential to detect cancer before symptoms appear.
	4.12.1 BIOPSIES LIQUIDES - GRAIL
New blood test can detect 50 types of cancer [The Guardian] Writing in the journal Annals of Oncology, the team reveal how the test was developed using a machine learning algorithm – a type of artificial intelligence.
New blood test can detect wide range of cancers, now available to at risk individuals in clinical study at Dana-Farber [Dana-Farber Cancer Institute] The overall specificity of the test was 99.3%, meaning that only 0.7% of the results incorrectly indicated that cancer was present. The sensitivity of the assay for 12 cancers that account for nearly two-thirds of U.S. cancer deaths was 67.3%, meaning the test could find the cancer two-thirds of the time but a third of the time the test returned a negative result.
GRAIL Announces Validation of its Multi-Cancer Early Detection Test Published in Annals of Oncology [Grail] The publication includes data from GRAIL’s foundational Circulating Cell-free Genome Atlas (CCGA) study, which included more than 15,000 participants with or without a diagnosis of cancer.
	4.16 DÉP., DIAG. & PRONO. - PANCRÉAS
Will a test to detect early pancreatic cancer ever be possible? [Nature Outlook] The cancer is often only found after it has spread and when treatment options are limited.
	4.2 DÉP., DIAG. & PRONO. - GÉNOME
How cancer genomics is transforming diagnosis and treatment [Nature Outlook] Genome sequencing is providing physicians with more data about the causes of cancer and changing the way some forms of the disease are treated.
	4.9 DÉP., DIAG. & PRONO. - SEIN
We need more evidence to answer questions about screening [Nature Outlook] When should people start being screened for breast cancer? Laura Esserman details the efforts being made to find out.
	5.1 TRAITEMENTS - PRÉ-CLINIQUE
New therapeutic strategies proposed for some lung and kidney cancers [MD Anderson Cancer Center] Study shows cancers with high levels of the SLC7A11 gene may respond to glucose transporter inhibitor treatment.
	5.12.6 IMMUNOTHÉRAPIES - AMM
AstraZeneca’s Imfinzi gets FDA green light to challenge Roche in small-cell lung cancer [Fierce Pharma] The agency based its decision on results from the phase 3 Caspian trial, which showed last year that the Imfinzi-chemo combo could slash patients’ risk of death by 27% compared with solo chemo.
	5.2.6 PHARMA - BIOTECH
Aveo gives up on ficlatuzumab in acute myeloid leukemia, citing COVID-19 [Fierce Biotech] Amid the growing COVID-19 pandemic that has seen major delays to nearly all trials for pharma and biotech, big and small, Aveo and Biodesix have said they are canning any more trials in AML, citing the virus’s spread and impact for its decision.
	5.3.4 TRAITEMENTS - AMM (FDA, EMA,...)
Nubeqa® (darolutamide) receives EU approval as a new treatment for men with non-metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer [Bayer] Approval is based on Phase III ARAMIS trial results showing a statistically significant improvement in metastasis-free survival (MFS) for darolutamide plus androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) versus placebo plus ADT, and a favorable safety profile.
	5.5 ASCO
McCormick Place will be turned into makeshift COVID hospital [Chicago Business] Plans call for the convention center to be set up to treat about 3,000 patients by April 24.
	6.15 LUTTE CONTRE LES CANCERS - COVID-19
COVID-19 and Cancer Consortium Forms to Collect and Share Information [Cancer Research Catalyst] The spirit of collegiality and awareness of the power of shared knowledge forms a powerful connection between GENIE and CCC19. Many of GENIE’s participating institutions also signed on quickly to CCC19. The rapid growth of the consortium is also a demonstration of the power of social media for supporting team science endeavors.
Cancer Research UK estimates 25 per cent drop in fundraising income due to coronavirus [Cancer Research UK] The coronavirus outbreak has already affected many of Cancer Research UK’s key fundraising activities, which all raise money for life-saving research. It is reviewing the feasibility of its event series for 2020, including Race for Life, and has temporarily closed its network of 600 high street shops across the UK.