Onco Actu du 26 février 2020

	3.1 PRÉVENTION - TABAC
Opinion: ‘Widening health inequalities in England should be a wake-up call for the Government’ [Cancer Research UK] Slashed budgets have had a hugely detrimental impact on tobacco control, with cuts threatening the success of essential activities that help people avoid smoking as well as giving them the motivation and support they need to quit.
	4. DÉPISTAGE, DIAGNOSTIC ET PRONOSTIC
'Electronic nose' could smell breath to warn about higher risk of oesophageal cancer [The Guardian] Writing in the journal Gut, Siersema and colleagues reported how they tested their device on 402 patients who were scheduled to undergo an endoscopy.
	4.2 DÉP., DIAG. & PRONO. - GÉNOME
Mapping genetic variants driving toxicity to leukemia therapy [St. Jude Children's Research Hospital] Scientists at St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital have created an extensive map of NUDT15 variants to more accurately predict toxicity from the critical cancer drugs thiopurines.
	4.9 DÉP., DIAG. & PRONO. - SEIN
Abbreviated MRI outperforms 3-D mammograms at finding cancer in dense breasts [ECOG-ACRIN] ECOG-ACRIN Cancer Research Group study published in JAMA builds evidence for use of abbreviated MRI in women with dense breasts.
Mammography in Women Older Than 75 Does Not Confer an Additional Survival Benefit [AJMC] “The reduced benefit in older women is consistent with the hypothesis that competing causes of death, such as cardiovascular or neurologic conditions, overtake breast cancer mortality with increasing age.”
	5.1 TRAITEMENTS - PRÉ-CLINIQUE
Mouse Study Points to Strategy for Preserving Bone During Chemotherapy [NCI] “This study challenges the classical view that senescence is always a good thing while also contributing to our growing appreciation of its detrimental effects if they persist,” Dr. Hildesheim added, noting that the effects of cellular senescence may vary depending on the context in which it occurs.
	5.10 TRAITEMENTS - ESSAIS
Federal judge rules clinical trial sponsors must publish a decade’s worth of missing data [STAT] The ruling affects trials conducted for as-yet-unapproved drugs and devices in that 10-year stretch, according to a lawyer for the plaintiffs — meaning hundreds or even upwards of 1,000 noncompliant trials would be forced to post data.
	5.12 IMMUNOTHÉRAPIES
Largest Real World Dataset of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in Melanoma Treatment Demonstrates Similar Outcomes to Randomised Clinical Trials [ESMO] The national health service in England has comprehensive databases that the study team used to track prescribing of immune checkpoint inhibitors approved for use in first-line treatment for metastatic melanoma and determine patient outcomes associated with survival and treatment toxicity.
	5.12.1 IMMUNOTHÉRAPIES - PARTENARIATS
Genentech pays Bicycle $30M upfront to form discovery-stage immuno-oncology pact [Fierce Biotech] The Genentech collaboration will initially focus on two immuno-oncology targets picked by the Roche subsidiary. Genentech has the option to nominate up to two more targets in return for a $10 million expansion fee for each extra program.
Bicycle Therapeutics Lands $30M From Genentech in New Cancer R&D Pact [Xconomy] The company uses small molecule scaffolds to form these synthetic peptides into two loops that resemble bicycle tires. The company calls these molecules “bicycles.” This structure, the company says, helps them bind to a target protein.
Bicycle Therapeutics takes Roche's Genentech on an up to $2B immuno-oncology ride [EndPoints] The theory is that with their small size, Bicycle peptides possess favorable PK profiles, which enable rapid tissue penetration and a renal route of elimination that minimizes potential toxicity compared to antibodies or antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs).
	5.12.5.1 IMMUNOTHÉRAPIES - BIOTECH
IMV's T-cell programming treatment keeps ovarian cancer at bay in midphase study [Fierce Biotech] Based on IMV’s DPX platform, DPX-Survivac targets survivin, a protein that is highly expressed in many cancer types but is “virtually undetectable” in normal tissue. Through injection, the treatment delivers five survivin peptides to program killer T cells to target all cells that express survivin, in this case, the ovarian cancer cells.
IO Biotech Announces Positive Outcome of Interim Analysis of Phase 2 Randomized Trial in First Line Non-small Cell Lung Cancer [IO Biotech] IO102-012/KEYNOTE-764 is an Open-label, Randomized, Phase 1/2 Trial Investigating the Safety and Efficacy of IO102 in Combination with Pembrolizumab, with or without Chemotherapy, as first-line Treatment for Patients with Metastatic Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. This global clinical trial is planned to accrue 108 patients across around 20 sites in the U.S. and Europe.
	5.2.3 PHARMA - ÉCONOMIE
As shortages draw spotlight, Sanofi to spin out drug ingredient business [Biopharma Dive] Seeing a opportunity amid recurring shortages of critical generic drugs, Sanofi expects the new company could earn roughly $1.2 billion in sales by 2022, which would make it the world's second largest API producer according to the pharma.
	5.4 TRAITEMENTS - ECONOMIE
When drug value assessment meets real-world evidence: ICER enlists Aetion in pricing evaluation [EndPoints] “Randomized clinical trials remain the gold standard for developing unbiased evidence, but as the FDA is increasingly approving treatments based on thinner clinical trial data, the entire health industry will need to fill larger knowledge gaps about how well a new drug actually works.”
	6.6 PUBLICATIONS, POLITIQUES SCIENTIFIQUES
Unlock ways to share data on peer review [Nature] Publishers, too, could rely on shared protocols to anonymize and manage data, reducing costs and reputational risk. Indeed, an agreement to share data on peer review could become a clear marker of legitimacy in a world increasingly plagued by predatory journals.
Invest 5% of research funds in ensuring data are reusable [Nature] Funders hold the stick: they should disburse no further funding without a properly reviewed and budgeted data-stewardship plan. The carrot is that FAIR data allow much more effective artificial intelligence (FAIR can also mean ‘fully AI ready’), which will open up unprecedented research opportunities and increase reproducibility.
	6.7.1 IA/BIOINFORMATIQUE
What AI still can’t do [MIT Technology Review] Pearl says AI can’t be truly intelligent until it has a rich understanding of cause and effect, which would enable the introspection that is at the core of cognition.