Onco Actu du 10 février 2020

	1.1 BIOLOGIE - GÉNOME
TrackSig: Unlocking the History of Cancer [University of Toronto] TrackSig charts different types of mutations over time, generating maps of a tumour’s evolutionary history in finer detail and with better accuracy than ever before. This level of resolution enabled the discovery that many cancer-causing genetic changes occur long before the disease is diagnosed.
	3. PRÉVENTION
WHO’s aggressive, three-part strategy aims to make cervical cancer a thing of the past [Washington Post] Trio of steps, called “90-70-90,” could eliminate more than 74 million cases and save more than 62 million lives, according to two studies.
	3.3 PRÉVENTION - VACCINS
Single HPV Vaccine Dose May Be Effective Against Cervical Cancer [Wiley] The analysis included 133,082 females (66,541 vaccinated and 66,541 unvaccinated). For females ages 15 to 19 years, those who received one, two, or three doses of the HPV vaccine had lower rates of preinvasive cervical disease than adolescents who were unvaccinated.
	4.12 BIOPSIES LIQUIDES
How Simple Blood Tests Could Revolutionize Cancer Treatment [Smithsonian Magazine] “How many false alarms will happen?” asks Eric Topol, director of the Scripps Research Translational Institute in La Jolla, California. “We have so many mutations in our cells, but so few of those become cancer. I don’t want them to lead to a lot of unnecessary anxiety and big expensive diagnostic evaluations.”
Study Uncovers DNA Fragmentation Processes, Providing New Insight for Liquid Biopsy Efforts [Genome Web] "We know that cfDNA is in short fragments but not much has been known about how those fragments are being created," lead author Dennis Lo said in an interview. "So basically, what this paper does is analyzes step by step the various nucleases that are responsible for creating [DNA] fragments."
	4.2 DÉP., DIAG. & PRONO. - GÉNOME
I was fortunate to get post-23andMe genetic counseling. Everyone should have that option [STAT] Did the results mean I would definitely get cancer? Were there other parts of my DNA that were keeping me safe? What was my next step? Was surgery inevitable? To answer these questions, I needed more than a tutorial.
	5.12 IMMUNOTHÉRAPIES
Hyperprogression and Immunotherapy: Fact, Fiction, or Alternative Fact? [Trends in Cancer] The use of immune checkpoint inhibitors in the face of various cancers has led to profound clinical benefits for many patients, but for some it has been devastating. Thus, universal criteria are needed to define hyperprogressive disease to prospective identify patients along with predictive likelihood factors to identify these patients.
	5.12.2 IMMUNOTHÉRAPIES - CAR-T, THÉRAPIES CELLULAIRES
New CAR-T target yields promising results for multiple myeloma [Huntsman Cancer Institute] The Utah-based scientists developed CAR T cells that target a molecule, CD229, that is present on the cancer cells of patients with myeloma throughout the course of their disease. Importantly, CD229 is also present on myeloma stem cells, which are the source of treatment-resistant tumor cells in patients who relapse.
	5.12.2.2 IMMUNOTHÉRAPIES - CAR-T CRISPR
Kymriah pioneer Carl June is back, with first US human evidence for CRISPR use in cancer [EndPoints] At last: Some proof. Eight years after the first CRISPR paper appeared in Science and after eight years of wrangling over the technology’s potential, University of Pennsylvania researchers have published some of the first evidence it can be used safely in cancer patients.
	5.12.7 IMMUNOTHÉRAPIES - VACCINS
Cancer vaccine could boost the effectiveness of immunotherapy [Institute of Cancer Research] So rather than give APOBEC3B directly to tumours as a treatment, the researchers instead used the genetic signature it left behind to create individual cancer vaccines, each tailored to the particular genetic profile of a specific tumour.
	5.17 TRAITEMENTS - RADIOTHÉRAPIE
Zap! Could lightning-like radiation transform cancer care? [University of Washington] How can flash radiation spare healthy cells and have the same desired effect on tumor cells? Theories exist – notably involving flash energy’s enormous, instantaneous consumption of oxygen – but no one can say with certainty.
	5.2 PHARMA
Sales rep tips for oncologist calls: Keep it short, use visuals and bring new info, says consultancy [Fierce Pharma] To collect its data, ZoomRx’s team records individual oncology healthcare professional (HCP) interactions with pharma sales reps and tracks general details of how the visit went and what was discussed. ZoomRx then returns to the same HCPs two weeks later and asks what they remember, if anything, from the encounter.
	6.7 DMP, BIG DATA & APPLIS
Standardizing Chemotherapy Regimen Nomenclature: A Proposal and Evaluation of the HemOnc and National Cancer Institute Thesaurus Regimen Content [Clinical Cancer Informatics] Due to decades of nonstandardized approaches to the naming of chemotherapy regimens, representation in electronic health records and secondary systems is highly variable. This hampers efforts to understand patterns of chemotherapy usage at the population level.
	6.7.3 DMP
Revealed: how drugs giants can access your health records [The Guardian] Experts say information sold on by Department of Health and Social Care can be traced back to individual medical records.
	6.9 CONTROVERSES
Major cancer institute sued by its own researchers over ‘tapering’ funding [Science] Gradual drawdown of funds before 2023 closure of branch breaks their contracts, San Diego researchers assert.