Onco Actu du 29 janvier 2020

	1. BIOLOGIE
Time For Better Microbiome Research [In The Pipeline] It’s worth remembering that we don’t even really have a baseline: there is no agreement on what a healthy human gut microbiome looks like, how that might vary depending on diet and environment, how many such microbial states might be considered healthy, and how much deviation from these would be considered acceptable.
	3. PRÉVENTION
Weight Loss Surgery May Reduce the Risk of Colorectal Cancer [Wiley] Weight loss surgery may reduce the risk of developing colorectal cancer by one-third, according to an analysis of all relevant published studies. The findings are published in BJS (British Journal of Surgery).
	3.1.1 PRÉVENTION - TABAC - E-CIGS
U.S. reports no new deaths tied to vaping, lung illness cases rise to 2,711 [Reuters] As of Jan. 21, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) reported 43 more cases from the illness associated with use of e-cigarettes or vaping products. The number of people hospitalized now stood at 2,711.
	4. DÉPISTAGE, DIAGNOSTIC ET PRONOSTIC
Leaving cancer diagnosis to the computers [The Lancet Digital Health] Will artificial intelligence be making our cancer diagnosis in the near future? Unfortunately, the short answer is no. The Nature study has numerous limitations that are common to many AI studies.
	4.12 BIOPSIES LIQUIDES
Advisory: Researchers Develop Ultasensitive Blood Test to Predict Recurrence of Gastric Cancers [Johns Hopkins] “Patients who did not have mutations in the blood after surgery were all cured of cancer, while patients who had mutations in the blood typically recurred. We were able to predict patient outcome about nine months earlier through the blood test than we otherwise could have through clinical evaluation.”
	4.5 DÉP., DIAG. & PRONO. - COLORECTAL
NHS staff shortages mean patients miss out on early bowel cancer diagnosis [Cancer Research UK] Around 1,100 people in England could miss out on the chance of an early stage bowel cancer diagnosis through screening each year because of NHS staff shortages, according to new calculations released by Cancer Research UK today.
	5. TRAITEMENTS
Most innovative cancer drugs facing delays in reaching patients [Institute of Cancer Research] Their study found that increasing numbers of drugs are being authorised – including rising numbers of highly innovative treatments. But it is taking an increasing amount of time for these new drugs to navigate the strict regulations on clinical trials and licensing, forcing patients to wait even longer for the latest treatments.
	5.12.2 IMMUNOTHÉRAPIES - CAR-T, THÉRAPIES CELLULAIRES
A growing community: CAR-T cells activities in Europe [EMBT] It provides the cumulated number of patients treated with CAR-T cells that are registered in the EBMT Registry as currently operated in ProMISe. Numbers are split by commercial or investigational CAR-T cell medicinal products.
	5.12.5 IMMUNOTHÉRAPIES - PHARMA
Pfizer cans early-stage trials for cancer, sickle cell targets [Fierce Biotech] As ever, no details have been given about why these have been canned, with the trials simply listed under Pfizer's "discontinued projects" header in its updated pipeline.
Pfizer axes 6 early to late-stage cancer studies from the pipeline — with one other cut for sickle cell disease [EndPoints] Pfizer trimmed a group of 3 R&D programs using their PD-L1 Bavencio — partnered with Merck KGaA — in their latest pipeline cull. That includes the failed first-line study for the checkpoint in gastric cancer, along with two other combos using PF-04518600 (OX40) and PF-05082566 (anti-4-1BB/CD137) in various solid tumors.
	5.17 TRAITEMENTS - RADIOTHÉRAPIE
Off Target: Investigating the Abscopal Effect as a Treatment for Cancer [NCI] The abscopal effect occurs when radiation treatment—or another type of local therapy—not only shrinks the targeted tumor but also leads to the shrinkage of untreated tumors elsewhere in the body. Although the precise biological mechanisms responsible for the abscopal effect are still being investigated, the immune system is thought to play an important role.
AI can jump-start radiation therapy for cancer patients [UT Southwestern] A new study from the MAIA Lab on dose prediction, published in Medical Physics, demonstrated AI’s ability to produce optimal treatment plans within five-hundredths of a second after receiving clinical data for patients. Researchers achieved this by feeding the data for 70 prostate cancer patients into four deep-learning models.
	5.2 PHARMA
The Coronavirus Is a Threat to the Global Drug Supply [Wired] The world's pharmaceutical supply chain is in danger as the virus spreads across China and jeopardizes travel and trade.
	5.4 TRAITEMENTS - ECONOMIE
Will cancer drugs get cheaper in 2020? [Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology] Dramatic reductions in drug costs in 2020 are unlikely, although early signs suggest that the issue of unsustainable drug pricing is beginning to attract the attentions of policymakers.
	5.4.2 TRAITEMENTS - ECONOMIE - IQWIG
Registry-data – of sufficient quality – are suitable for the extended benefit assessment of drugs [IQWIG] The generation of routine practice data and their analysis is potentially feasible in the near future – but for the time being, in addition to study-specific data collection, only via data collection from registries. We have documented which data must be available in the registries and in what quality.