Onco Actu du 28 janvier 2020

	1. BIOLOGIE
Protein AKAP8 suppresses breast cancer metastasis [Baylor College of Medicine] A protein naturally produced in the body has been found to suppress breast cancer metastasis in animal models of human tumors. Researchers led by Baylor College of Medicine also found that high levels of this protein, AKAP8, predicts a better survival for breast cancer patients.
	3.1.1 PRÉVENTION - TABAC - E-CIGS
CDC is Concealing and Suppressing Information on Youth Marijuana Vaping to Over-hype Harms of E-Cigarettes [The Rest of the Story] The hundreds of youth who have become severely ill with respiratory failure from the EVALI outbreak have been harmed not by e-cigarettes, but by vaping marijuana carts.
	4. DÉPISTAGE, DIAGNOSTIC ET PRONOSTIC
Micro-scaled method holds promise as improved cancer diagnostic platform [Broad Institute] Using a single-needle biopsy and new technology for tumor diagnosis, researchers provide a more detailed window into cancer biology, tumor type, and mechanisms of therapy response and resistance.
	4.11 DÉP., DIAG. & PRONO. - OVAIRE
Unique Genetic Change Found in Rare Ovarian Tumor Could Spare Patients from Unnecessary Treatment [Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center] In the Nature Communications study, 21 of the 26 samples tested had GLI2 fusion genes. The investigators reviewed data for more than 9,000 tumors in a large database and didn’t find any other instances of a FHL2-GLI2 fusion gene, confirming that this fusion is unique to sclerosing stromal tumor.
	4.17 DÉP., DIAG. & PRONO - ECONOMIE
CMS Agrees to Cover NGS for Medicare Patients With Breast, Ovarian, Other Cancers [AJMC] An advocate said the wording of CMS' decision could actually limit testing access for some women with breast or ovarian cancer.
CMS Expands Coverage of Next Generation Sequencing as a Diagnostic Tool for Patients with Breast and Ovarian Cancer [CMS] Medicare patients with inherited cancers have few treatment options available, and today’s decision expands access to NGS testing for these patients and gives them more opportunities to personalize their cancer care.
	4.2 DÉP., DIAG. & PRONO. - GÉNOME
Colon Cancer Biomarker Undertesting Rates in Real-World Data Points to Precision Oncology Barriers [Genome Web] According to the authors, their findings should encourage oncology practices to survey testing rates among their own metastatic colon cancer patients and address barriers that may exist, such as tissue availability, test turnaround time, and physician education.
	5. TRAITEMENTS
New Drugs for an Elusive Cancer Target [Cancer Today] Medical oncologist and lung cancer expert Roy S. Herbst discusses early data on drugs that target a mutated form of the KRAS protein.
	5.1 TRAITEMENTS - PRÉ-CLINIQUE
Science Snaps: targeting cancers’ surroundings [Cancer Research UK] In the presence of cancer cells, normal fibroblasts can be co-opted to become cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs). These newly activated cells have been shown to play a crucial role in cancer progression, including metastasis.
	5.12.1 IMMUNOTHÉRAPIES - PARTENARIATS
Tilt Biotherapeutics, Biotheus team up on tumor-targeting virus [Fierce Biotech] The Helsinki-headquartered biotech is developing its lead program, TILT-123, for the treatment of solid tumors, including melanoma, to be used on its own and in combination with other cancer treatments, such as CAR-T therapies, tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes and checkpoint inhibitors.
	5.12.4 IMMUNOTHÉRAPIES - ESSAIS
Roche's Tecentriq flops in postsurgery muscle-invasive bladder cancer [Fierce Pharma] In 2016, Tecentriq became the first product in the PD-1/L1 inhibitor class approved for any type of bladder cancer based on data from the IMvigor210 study. The indication was for the treatment of patients with locally advanced or metastatic urothelial carcinoma following platinum-containing chemo.
Roche's checkpoint player Tecentriq flops in another bladder cancer subset [EndPoints] The MIUC study failure comes after Roche acknowledged in September that Tecentriq in combination with chemotherapy would unlikely secure approval in previously untreated patients with bladder cancer.
	5.12.5 IMMUNOTHÉRAPIES - PHARMA
Roche submits supplemental Biologics License Application to the FDA for Tecentriq in combination with Avastin for the most common form of liver cancer [Roche] Application is being reviewed under FDA’s Real-Time Oncology Review pilot programme.
	5.2 PHARMA
‘The time to worry is now’: The coronavirus in China could threaten pharma’s ingredient sourcing [STAT] China is now home to 13% of all facilities that make ingredients for medicines that are sold in the U.S., according to the Food and Drug Administration. By comparison, 28% of such facilities are in the U.S. and 26% are in the European Union.
Phase II DESTINY-Gastric01 trial of Enhertu versus chemotherapy met primary endpoint [AstraZeneca] Data from DESTINY-Gastric01 will be presented at a forthcoming medical meeting.
Breast cancer approval in tow, AstraZeneca, Daiichi armed antibody scores in key gastric cancer study [EndPoints] The trial met the main goal of inducing statistically significant improvement in objective response rate (ORR), as well as the key secondary endpoint of overall survival.
	5.2.3 PHARMA - ÉCONOMIE
Pfizer challenges Roche blockbusters with 3 biosim launches at discounts from 22% to 24% [Fierce Pharma] The company has already rolled out Zirabev and Ruxience, its biosimilars to Roche’s Avastin and Rituxan, respectively, at discounts of 23% and 24%. On February 15, it’s planning to launch Herceptin biosimilar Trazimera at a 22% discount, the company said.
	5.4 TRAITEMENTS - ECONOMIE
Leukaemia and head and neck cancer drugs not approved for NHS England [Cancer Research UK] Both decisions will be reviewed later this year, after the drugs’ manufacturers have had the opportunity to provide additional data on the drug’s benefits or offer a new price.
	5.5.5 ASCO (GASTRO-INTESTINAL)
New Data From ASCO's TAPUR Study to be Presented at 2020 Gastrointestinal Cancers Symposium [ASCO] The TAPUR Study is the first clinical trial conducted by ASCO and aims to describe the performance (both safety and efficacy) of Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved, targeted anticancer drugs prescribed for treatment of patients with advanced cancer that has a potentially actionable genomic alteration.
Avelumab Maintenance Does Not Provide Superior OS Compared With Standard Chemo in Advanced Gastric/GEJ Cancer [ASCO Daily News] Dr. Catenacci suggested that the trial did not fail because it used a PD-L1 inhibitor as opposed to a PD-1 inhibitor; data to date suggest no appreciable difference in activity between these groups of compounds. Instead, he believes that failure of JAVELIN Gastric 100 largely comes down to patient selection.
	6.1 OBSERVATION
29,000 cancers overdiagnosed in Australia in a single year [The Conversation] New screening tests that identify clinically important cancers, while leaving slow- and never-growing cancers undetected, are the holy grail. But they could be some time coming.
Prostate overtakes breast as 'most common cancer' [BBC News] In 2018 there were nearly 50,000 registered cases - around 8,000 more than in 2017. Public Health England says it is because more men are getting tested.
	6.11 PATIENTS
Did doctors not take my cancer symptoms seriously because I'm a young woman? [The Telegraph] When Arora saw a haematologist three weeks later, to her horror, the ­expert said there was nothing she could do for her: she’d been referred to the wrong department, and should be seeing a gastroenterologist. “I started crying and begged her to do anything she could to find out what was wrong.
	6.7.3 DMP
An ‘Epic’ pushback as U.S. prepares for new era of empowering patient health data [STAT] Epic’s position is akin to banking leaders trying to limit your access to your own financial data or restrict your freedom to transfer your funds and saying they are doing it for your own good.