Onco Actu du 15 janvier 2020

	1. BIOLOGIE
Researchers Find that Vitamin B6 Contributes to Survival of Acute Myeloid Leukemia Cells [Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center] “Although our study provides evidence that AML needs this vitamin to proliferate, there isn’t any indication that consuming it causes or facilitates cancer. Vitamin B6 is important for many functions in the body and eliminating it completely would cause serious harm.”
	2. ETIOLOGIE
Safety clinical trial shows possible increased risk of cancer with weight-loss medicine Belviq, Belviq XR (lorcaserin) [FDA] FDA continues to evaluate the trial results.
FDA Warns of Potential Cancer Risk With Weight Loss Drug [RAPS] First approved in 2012, Belviq is intended to help with weight loss for those eating a reduced-calorie diet and increasing exercise.
	3.8 PRÉVENTION - ALIMENTATION
Unfruitful: Eating More Produce Will Not Cure, Stop Prostate Cancer [UCSD] “These data indicate that, despite prevailing scientific and public opinion, eating more vegetables will not alter the course of prostate cancer. It will not, to the best of our knowledge, suppress or cure it.”
	4. DÉPISTAGE, DIAGNOSTIC ET PRONOSTIC
Cancer diagnosis centre cuts waits from 84 days to 6 [Swansea University] A rapid diagnosis centre has cut waiting times for patients with non-specific symptoms who may have cancer from 84 days to 6, and it costs less than current usual care if used at more than 80% of capacity, a new study by Swansea University researchers and NHS colleagues has shown.
	4.15 DÉP., DIAG. & PRONO. - IMAGERIE
Artificial Intelligence Speeds Brain Tumor Diagnosis [NIH Director's Blog] This latest advance comes from an NIH-funded clinical trial of 278 patients undergoing brain surgery. The researchers found they could take a small tumor biopsy during surgery, feed it into a trained computer in the operating room, and receive a diagnosis that rivals the accuracy of an expert pathologist.
	5.1 TRAITEMENTS - PRÉ-CLINIQUE
Researchers find clues to drug resistance in medulloblastoma subtype [UNC Lineberger] “The resistant cells were there at the outset of treatment,” Gershon said. “After three days’ time, that was enough for the resistant cells to replace the cells that were inhibited.”
	5.10 TRAITEMENTS - ESSAIS
Getting Around to Reporting Clinical Data, Real Soon Now [In The Pipeline] For all the talk of drug companies burying trial results, industry actually seems to be taking its reporting responsibilities far more seriously than academia. Or the government itself.
	5.12.1 IMMUNOTHÉRAPIES - PARTENARIATS
Astellas teams with Adaptimmune to create CAR-T, TCR therapies [Fierce Biotech] Through the collaboration, Adaptimmune will use its target identification and validation capabilities to help pick out up to three targets that are outside of the scope of its other projects.
Astellas swoops in for Adaptimmune deal a day after positive data [Biopharma Dive] The deal comes a day after Adaptimmune announced trial results from four patients treated with three different experimental drugs, news which caused the company's shares to triple in value Monday.
Astellas and Adaptimmune Enter into Agreement to Co-Develop and Co-Commercialize Stem-Cell Derived Allogeneic CAR-T and TCR T-Cell Therapies [Astellas] Agreement covers the co-development and co-commercialization of up to three T-cell therapies.
	5.12.11 IMMUNOTHÉRAPIES - PRÉ-CLINIQUE
B-cell enrichment predictive of immunotherapy response in melanoma, sarcoma and kidney cancer [MD Anderson Cancer Center] Studies published today in Nature conclude that enrichment of B cells, a type of immune cell known for producing antibodies, in TLS was predictive of response to checkpoint blockade in patients with melanoma, soft-tissue sarcomas and renal cell carcinomas (RCC).
Study Reveals How a Blood-Clotting Protein and Blood Platelets Promote Immune Evasion, Cancer Progression [Ohio State University] The researchers used animal models to show that inhibiting thrombin activity prevents the release of TGF-1b and makes tumors that were resistant to anti-PD-1 immunotherapy susceptible to these agents.
	5.12.13 IMMUNOTHÉRAPIES - BIOMARQUEURS
Immunotherapy Response Prediction Improves With TMB Correction, Other Markers [Genome Web] Based on the improved response predictions in more than 100 non-small-cell lung cancers (NSCLC), the investigators believe their corrected TMB algorithm may set the stage for more accurate checkpoint immunotherapy response predictions in other tumor types.
	5.12.5.1 IMMUNOTHÉRAPIES - BIOTECH
Four years after 'moonshot' launch, Patrick Soon-Shiong has a big reveal: a single patient [EndPoints] NantKwest is putting forth some new evidence for what it’s calling the “cancer breakthrough 2020”: one complete response in the expanded access portion of a Phase I trial.
	5.12.7 IMMUNOTHÉRAPIES - VACCINS
A solid vaccine for liquid tumors [Harvard] A new study presents an alternative treatment that has the potential to eliminate AML cells completely: an injectable, biomaterial-based vaccine that, when combined with standard chemotherapy, caused complete and lasting recovery from and immunity against AML in mice.
	5.16 TRAITEMENTS - CHIRURGIE
It Depends on Experience [University of Würzburg] Patients with colorectal cancer have a greater chance of survival if they are operated in hospitals with a high case load. This is because complications that can occur after surgery can be better managed there.
	5.2 PHARMA
JPM: With Tesaro staff and expertise in the mix, GSK gears up for 3 oncology launches in 2020 [Fierce Pharma] Those sales reps, medical affairs and access pros will pitch in on the three rollouts Walmsley mentioned: Zejula's hoped-for new use in first-line ovarian cancer maintenance, plus two brand-new meds—belantamab mafodotin in relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma and dostarlimab, another Tesaro addition, in second-line endometrial cancer.
	5.3 TRAITEMENTS - FDA, EMA, NICE...
FDA approval may not be as rigorous as it once was [Reuters] Congressional acts that changed the way the FDA evaluates drugs have led to less rigorous evaluations, with drug approvals being based on fewer and/or earlier-stage clinical trials that may not be randomized, controlled, blinded or based on traditional measures of efficacy, experts noted in the article published in JAMA.
	5.3.4 TRAITEMENTS - AMM (FDA, EMA,...)
Enfortumab Vedotin Approved for Recurrent Bladder Cancer [NCI] The approval of enfortumab vedotin was based on findings from a cohort of participants in a small clinical trial called EV-201 that enrolled people with metastatic bladder cancer.
	6. LUTTE CONTRE LES CANCERS
How Marijuana Accelerates Growth of HPV-related Head and Neck Cancer Identified [UCSD] “HPV-related head and neck cancer is one of the fastest growing cancers in the United States. While at the same time, exposure to marijuana is accelerating. This is a huge public health problem.”
	6.6 PUBLICATIONS
Registered Reports are Coming to PLOS ONE [EveryONE] Registered Reports enable researchers to document and receive expert peer review feedback on their study design and proposed methods, before beginning their investigation.
	6.7.3 DMP
How Doctors May Be Spending More Time With Electronic Health Records Than Patients [Forbes] So ultimately the study only offers the quantity of time spent on the EHR and not the quality. And with all relationships, the quality of time is as important and maybe more important than the quantity of time.