Onco Actu du 14 janvier 2020

	1. BIOLOGIE
Long-term skin irritation linked to increased risk of tumour growth [Imperial College London] An antibody that usually helps defend the skin against harmful substances or infections may promote tumour growth during chronic tissue inflammation.
What Does Cancer Metastasis Have to Do with Wound Healing? More than You Might Think [Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center] “We now understand metastasis as the regeneration of the wrong tissue — the tumor — in the wrong place — distant vital organs,” says Joan Massagué. “This is not just a metaphor. It is literally true in molecular and physiological terms.”
	1.1 BIOLOGIE - GÉNOME
Unique Toronto-based clinical trial reveals new subtypes of advanced pancreatic cancer [Ontario Institute for Cancer Research] The study, published today in Nature Genetics, represents the most comprehensive analysis of the molecular subtypes of pancreatic cancer to date.
	1.4 BIOLOGIE - TECHNOS, MODÈLES
A marriage of microscopy and machine learning [Broad Institute] This approach, called “Cell Painting,” uses six biological dyes to stain eight major cell structures. Together, they create not just beautiful images, but also a detailed portrait of the cells’ size, shape or morphology, and—if you can read the signs—physiological state.
	4.12 BIOPSIES LIQUIDES
Guardant Health Announces Collaboration With Amgen to Develop a Global Liquid Biopsy Companion Diagnostic for AMG 510 KRAS G12C Inhibitor [Guardant Health] Under the agreement, Guardant Health will pursue U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) Pre-Market Approval, Japan Pharmaceutical and Medical Device Agency Approval, and European CE-Mark for Guardant360® CDx as a companion diagnostic for AMG 510 in metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients with the KRAS G12C mutation.
	4.2 DÉP., DIAG. & PRONO. - GÉNOME
Genomics England and Illumina partner to deliver whole genome sequencing for England’s NHS Genomic Medicine Service [Genomics England] Whole genome sequencing will be performed by Illumina Laboratory Services (ILS) in Cambridge, UK, operating under Medical Laboratory accreditation (ISO 15189) using the NovaSeq 6000, BaseSpace Sequence Hub and Illumina analysis tools.
	4.3 DÉP., DIAG. & PRONO. - INDUSTRIELS
JPM20: Illumina Launches Super Resolution Instruments [Omics! Omics!] In terms of markets, CEO Francis de Souza described the new instruments as the "natural heir to NextSeq" and particularly noted "in oncology a drift to larger panels".
Illumina Announces New Sequencing System, Partnership with Roche and Software Suite to Accelerate Adoption of Genomics [Illumina] To support the growing demand for clinical grade genomic information at lower cost, Illumina announced the NextSeq™ 1000 and NextSeq 2000 Sequencing Systems offering breakthrough system design, chemistry innovations and on-instrument integrated informatics for rapid secondary analysis.
	5.1 TRAITEMENTS - PRÉ-CLINIQUE
Investigational drugs block bone loss in mice receiving chemotherapy [WUSTL] The researchers studied bone loss in mice treated with two common chemotherapy drugs — doxorubicin and paclitaxel — as well as in mice that received radiation to one limb, to understand whether the bone loss effects were similar in different types of cancer therapies.
Queen Mary research team identifies new route for tackling drug resistance in skin cancer cells [Queen Mary University of London] Researchers at Queen Mary University of London have found that melanoma cells fight anti-cancer drugs by changing their internal skeleton (cytoskeleton) – opening up a new therapeutic route for combatting skin and other cancers that develop resistance to treatment.
	5.10 TRAITEMENTS - ESSAIS
Bureaucracy is hampering the success of clinical research [BMJ] The academic initiatives will continue to decrease and clinical research, because of its cost and complexity, will more and more be led by the industry.
FDA and NIH let clinical trial sponsors keep results secret and break the law [Science] The violations cover trials in virtually all fields of medicine, and the missing or late results offer potentially vital information for the most desperate patients. For example, in one long-overdue trial, researchers compared the efficacy of different chemotherapy regimens in 200 patients with advanced lymphoma; another—nearly 2 years late—tests immunotherapy against conventional chemotherapy in about 600 people with late-stage lung cancer.
	5.12.1 IMMUNOTHÉRAPIES - PARTENARIATS
Incyte pays $750M upfront for rights to MorphoSys cancer drug [Fierce Biotech] MorphoSys began the filing after linking a combination of tafasitamab and Celgene’s Revlimid to overall and complete response rates of 60% and 43%, respectively.
Incyte Commits $900M to MorphoSys for Rights to Lymphoma Drug [Xconomy] Tafasitamab is an antibody drug designed to target CD19, a protein broadly expressed in various B cell lymphomas. MorphoSys says its drug binds to this protein, which in turn attracts an immune response from natural killer cells and macrophages. Those immune cells attach themselves to the cancer cells and kill them.
Incyte turns to German Morphosys to refresh cancer pipeline [Biopharma Dive] While tafasitimab is initially aimed at treating relapsed or resistant forms of a lymphoma known as diffuse large B-cell, the companies will co-develop the drug in other types of the blood cancer and in leukemia.
With sparse R&D prospects, Incyte bets $900M on MorphoSys' CAR-T rival tafasitamab [EndPoints] MorphoSys expects the FDA to make its decision on tafasitamab, or MOR208, for use in patients with relapsed or refractory diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) by mid-2020.
	5.12.5 IMMUNOTHÉRAPIES - PHARMA
Eli Lilly ditches NextCure pact [Fierce Biotech] That deal, which also included undisclosed milestones, was built upon a platform for scouring cell surface interactions in search of targets that affect immune function with NextCure, which is staffed by executives who led Amplimmune to a takeover by AstraZeneca.
Tyvyt (Sintilimab Injection) Combined with ALIMTA (Pemetrexed) and Platinum Met Predefined Primary Endpoint in Phase 3 ORIENT-11 Study as First-Line Therapy in Nonsquamous NSCLC [Lilly] Relevant data will be presented at an upcoming medical conference. Based on the IDMC recommendations, Lilly and Innovent will initiate regulatory discussions for registration with the National Medical Products Administration (NMPA) in China in the near future.
	5.2 PHARMA
AZ and Merck, racing against Glaxo, nab Lynparza 'priority' boost in ovarian cancer [Fierce Pharma] Regulators based their decision on data from the Phase 3 Paola-1 trial, presented at the European Society for Medical Oncology (ESMO) annual meeting in September, which showed the Lynparza-Avastin tandem could slash the risk of disease progression or death by 41% in patients with or without BRCA mutations.
	5.2.1 PHARMA - PARTENARIATS
Roche and Illumina partner to broaden patient access to genomic testing [Roche] Collaboration agreement builds upon Roche’s sequencing strategy to accelerate clinical research, streamline workflows and expand assay menus.
	5.2.6 PHARMA - BIOTECH
Big Pharma partner Schrödinger wants a $100M IPO [Fierce Biotech] To date, Schrödinger has shared few details of the specifics of its internal activities, reflecting their early-stage nature. But its track record of playing a role in two Agios cancer drugs that won approval and the several undisclosed assets in the clinic demonstrate its credentials.
RA Capital, Canaan help infuse $50M into Alta-incubated biotech battling acquired resistance to TKIs [EndPoints] In the long run, the goal is for their drugs to not just be deployed when resistance emerges but to move to the frontline setting with the hope of a longer duration of response.
	5.3 TRAITEMENTS - FDA, EMA, NICE...
The F.D.A. Is in Trouble. Here’s How to Fix It. [NY Times] Some New Year’s resolutions for the incoming boss.
	6. LUTTE CONTRE LES CANCERS
The global challenge of cancer [Nature Cancer] Cancer is a multifaceted global health issue that continues to demand action. We are launching Nature Cancer to inform, inspire and convene scientists across the multidisciplinary arena of cancer research, aiming to advance biomedical knowledge and treatment strategies within the greater framework of society.
A roadmap for the next decade in cancer research [Nature Cancer] Cancer research in recent years has been marked by significant developments in understanding disease biology and foundational discoveries that have changed clinical practice. Ten cancer researchers take stock of the field, the advances that excite them, key outstanding questions and breakthroughs they anticipate looking forward.
Shaping the future of cancer research at NCI [Nature Cancer] Norman E. ‘Ned’ Sharpless became director of the US National Cancer Institute (NCI) in 2017. From April 2019, he served as acting commissioner of the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA), and he returned to the NCI in November. Douglas R. Lowy has been the principal deputy director of the NCI since 2010, having also served as acting director twice, most recently in 2019.
	6.1 OBSERVATION
Contrary to what we are frequently told, we are not “losing the war on cancer” (2020 edition) [Science-Based Medicine] The narrative we hear from the media (and, of course, from alternative medicine mavens) is that we are “losing the war on cancer.” It’s actually not true. As the latest statistics from the American Cancer Society show, the mortality rate from cancer has been declining for decades.
	6.6 PUBLICATIONS
Eight publishers to volunteer pricing info in pilot study [Science] Funders driving open-access plan may use template to push for pricing transparency.
	6.7 DMP, BIG DATA & APPLIS
Axes of a revolution: challenges and promises of big data in healthcare [Nature Medicine] Analysis of big data in health has many challenges and is in some sense a double-edged sword. On one hand, it provides a much wider perspective on states of health and disease, but on the other hand, it provides the temptation to delve into the details of molecular descriptions that may miss the big picture (as in the ‘seeing the whole elephant’ analogy).
Barriers to Working With National Health Service England’s Open Data [Journal of Medical Internet Research] In this paper, we have described the many breaches of best practices around NHS open data that we have encountered. We propose new open ways of working that will support better analytics for all users of the NHS. These include better curation, better documentation, and systems for better dialogue with technical teams.
	6.7.3 DMP
Doctors average 16 minutes on the computer for every patient [Reuters] The study wasn’t designed to prove whether EHR use improves patient care or whether physicians spend more or less time on computerized tasks than they did under older paper-based systems.