Onco Actu du 10 janvier 2020

	1. BIOLOGIE
Scientists Capture Revealing Images of Molecular Cancer Switch [Dana-Farber Cancer Institute] With the aid of recent advances in a tool known as cryo-electron microscopy, which can obtain crisp 3D images of large biological molecules, Dana-Farber researchers were able to visualize the switch, made up of a cancer-driving protein called BRAF combined with two other proteins. Scientists were able to see the switch in its normal off-position and its activated on-position.
	2. ETIOLOGIE
Virus used in gene therapies may pose cancer risk, dog study hints Science] Researchers emphasize that people receiving AAV-delivered gene therapy should be monitored for signs of liver cancer for longer than the 5 years of follow-up now required by FDA.
	2.13 ETIOLOGIE - NDMA
Mylan recalls common antacid after detecting carcinogen [Biopharma Dive] Despite the recall recommendations, the FDA has also said the estimated risk from the NDMA levels commonly seen in nizatidine and ranitidine are similar to levels found in common food like grilled or smoked meats.
	3.1.1 PRÉVENTION - TABAC - E-CIGS
Vaping Kills a 15-Year-Old in Texas [NY Times] Although the outbreak seems to be slowing, states are still reporting new cases every week, and more deaths are being investigated, the C.D.C. said.
	3.7 PRÉVENTION - ALCOOL
Researchers surprised by high levels of alcohol consumption among cancer survivors [EurekAlert!] First-ever large study on drinking habits of cancer survivors -- published in JNCCN -- finds more than a third exceed moderate drinking levels, one in five engage in binge drinking.
	4.10 DÉP., DIAG. & PRONO. - POUMON
NHS lung cancer screening 'could save 5,000 lives a year' [The Guardian] Swanton, whose work is focused on investigating mutations in cells in late-stage tumours that become very hard to treat, urged the introduction of CT screening for people at risk because of smoking or family history, because lung cancer is very curable by surgery if caught early, but often fatal if detected late.
	5.10 TRAITEMENTS - ESSAIS
The Master Observational Trial: A New Class of Master Protocol to Advance Precision Medicine [Cell] The MOT provides a clinical venue to allow molecular medicine to rapidly advance, answers questions that traditional interventional trials generally do not address, and seamlessly integrates with interventional trials in both diagnostic and therapeutic arenas. The result is a more comprehensive data collection ecosystem in precision medicine.
	5.12.5 IMMUNOTHÉRAPIES - PHARMA
Innate Pharma provides update from regulatory agencies on lacutamab TELLOMAK trial [Innate Pharma] Based on these discussions, on December 13, 2019, the Company decided to suspend enrollment of new patients in the TELLOMAK trial, except in Italy where the clinical trial has been suspended.
Innate Pharma lacutamab trial undermined by issues with CMO [Fierce Pharma] Innate today said the FDA has put its Tellomak clinical trial on partial hold because of issues surrounding its fill-finish contractor Rentschler Fill Solutions. The trial is testing lacutamab (IPH4102) in patients with advanced T-cell lymphomas.
	5.12.5.1 IMMUNOTHÉRAPIES - BIOTECH
Aduro CEO Stephen Isaacs reaches for the budget ax — again — on the heels of their latest setback with Novartis [EndPoints] Aduro went public close to 5 years ago at $17 a share, touting a pair of cancer vaccines and an oncology pipeline, then saw the stock price rise to $40 soon after. After that, things got rough — but very slowly.
	5.12.6 IMMUNOTHÉRAPIES - AMM
Merck's Keytruda wins another first — this time for an FDA nod to treat a subset of bladder cancer patients [EndPoints] For Merck, the new Keytruda approval is welcome, considering days ago the flagship therapy missed a crucial endpoint in a pivotal trial evaluating its use as a frontline therapy in patients with extensive-stage small-cell lung cancer.
	5.16 TRAITEMENTS - CHIRURGIE
Surgery May Add Months or Years of Survival For Adults With Rare And Deadly Brain Cancers [Johns Hopkins] Findings from medical records study could help doctors and patients make more informed treatment decisions
	5.17 TRAITEMENTS - RADIOTHÉRAPIE
Penn Medicine Shows Giving Entire Course of Radiation Treatment in Less Than a Second is Feasible [Penn Medicine] Findings related to FLASH Radiotherapy could pave a new path for the future for cancer therapy.
	5.2.1 PHARMA - PARTENARIATS
Pfizer taps Effector to develop anti-cancer eIF4E inhibitors [Fierce Biotech] Interest in the oncogene eIF4E dates back decades. Yet eIF4E has proven to be a tough target, preventing the industry from using knowledge of its role in resistance and poor cancer outcomes to develop new, more effective therapies.
Pfizer taps Effector Therapeutics for its anticancer translation inhibitor [C&EN] Effector’s eIF4E inhibitor is designed to halt the output of cancer-driving mutations in the PI3K pathway.
Eyeing the 'translatome,' Pfizer dishes out $15M for preclinical, next-gen targeted therapies [EndPoints] The pact centers around eukaryotic initiation factor 4E, or eIF4E. Like MNK — the target of eFFECTOR’s lead therapy tomivosertib (formerly eFT508) — eIF4E is part of the PI3k/AKT/mTOR and RAS oncogenic pathways.
	5.3.4 TRAITEMENTS - AMM (FDA, EMA,...)
Blueprint scores first FDA OK for a precision GIST cancer drug, just ahead of a rival treatment. And the price is a big surprise [EndPoints] The FDA split Blueprint’s NDA, with one segment for PDGFRA exon 18 mutant GIST, which the FDA approved today, and one for fourth-line GIST, which is being delayed by a few months. Regulators are looking for data from VOYAGER, a Phase III clinical trial evaluating avapritinib against regorafenib in third- or fourth-line GIST.
Blueprint Medicines Announces FDA Approval of AYVAKIT™ (avapritinib) for the Treatment of Adults with Unresectable or Metastatic PDGFRA Exon 18 Mutant Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor [Blueprint Medicines] AYVAKIT showed an 84% overall response rate and a median duration of response was not reached in patients with unresectable or metastatic PDGFRA exon 18 mutant GIST in the NAVIGATOR trial.
FDA approves Blueprint's stomach cancer therapy priced at $32,000 per month [Reuters] Blueprint said it expects to make Ayvakit available through a limited specialty pharmacy network in the United States within a week, with a wholesale acquisition cost or list price of $32,000 for a 30-day supply, regardless of dosage.
FDA approves avapritinib for gastrointestinal stromal tumor with a rare mutation [FDA] Avapritinib is the first therapy approved for patients with GIST harboring a PDGFRA exon 18 mutation.
	6. LUTTE CONTRE LES CANCERS
Experts Forecast Cancer Research and Treatment Advances in 2020 [Cancer Research Catalyst] As a new decade begins to unfold, what advancements can we expect in the field of oncology?
	6.1 OBSERVATION
Colorectal cancer risk remains despite modern treatment for ulcerative colitis [Karolinska Insttitutet] Patients with the inflammatory bowel disease ulcerative colitis have a higher risk of dying from colorectal cancer, despite modern therapy, even though the risk has declined in recent years. This is according to a new study published in the scientific journal The Lancet by a team of Swedish and Danish researchers.
Do dietary supplements affect the survival of cancer patients? [Science-Based Medicine] Dietary supplements appear to be, at best, neutral with respect to cancer survival, and there is no indication that they offer advantages or benefits to those that take them.