Ono Actu du 5 décembre 2019

	2. ETIOLOGIE
Permanent hair dye and straighteners may increase breast cancer risk [NIH] Using data from 46,709 women in the Sister Study, researchers at the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS), part of NIH, found that women who regularly used permanent hair dye in the year prior to enrolling in the study were 9% more likely than women who didn’t use hair dye to develop breast cancer.
Hair Dyes And Straighteners Linked To Higher Cancer Risk, Especially For Black Women [NPR] The actual risk found for use of these hair treatments is quite low, he adds, especially compared with other known carcinogens like tobacco or radiation. "This is a very weak signal that these things might be causing cancer in the population," he says.
Hair Dyes and Straighteners May Raise Breast Cancer Risk for Black Women [NY Times] A new study finds a weak link between coloring and straightening treatments and breast cancer. But experts caution the results are far from certain.
Breast Cancer Linked To Permanent Hair Dye And Chemical Hair Straighteners In Study Of Almost 50,000 Women [Newsweek] Brawley advises women use hair dye and chemical hair straighteners very carefully but says there are other things that will have more of an impact on whether someone will develop cancer or not.
	2.13 ETIOLOGIE - NDMA
FDA requires additional testing of ranitidine and nizatidine as part of agency’s ongoing effort to help ensure product safety for patients and consumers [FDA] Today, we are announcing that we have asked manufacturers of ranitidine and nizatidine products to expand their testing for NDMA to include all lots of the medication before making them available to consumers.
	3.1 PRÉVENTION - TABAC
Making progress in the fight against tobacco [The Lancet Public Health] In this issue, three research Articles help us to take stock and evaluate tobacco control measures that use legislative bans, taxation, or individual behavioural support to quit smoking.
	3.4.1 CHIMIOPRÉVENTION - ASPIRINE
Aspirin may reduce risk of death from certain cancers [UPI] In research published Wednesday in the Journal of the American Medical Association, researchers report that seniors with prostate, lung, colorectal or ovarian cancer who used aspirin three or more times per week were 15 percent less likely to die from their disease than those who didn't use it at all.
	3.7 PRÉVENTION - ALCOOL
Concerns raised about national alcohol strategy, amid shock departure of key public health advocate [Croakey] Public health experts are calling on Australia’s alcohol harm watchdog to maintain its pushback against the alcohol industry, in the wake of the shock departure of its highly respected chief executive.
New study finds stronger alcohol regulations may be promising means of reducing cancer deaths [Boston Medical] A 10 percent increase in the strength of alcohol policies (calculated based on their Policy Scale Scores) was associated with an 8.5 percent relative decrease in cancer deaths. The findings, which were similar among men and women, underscore the potential impact that public health policies can have on preventing cancers at the population level.
	4.12 BIOPSIES LIQUIDES
Blood tests: using blood to detect cancer early [Cancer Research UK] Scientists are exploring multiple ways to detect cancer in the blood. And, so far, most of the progress has been made in developing blood tests that help to monitor whether someone’s cancer has returned or to inform treatment options.
	4.16 DÉP., DIAG. & PRONO. - PANCRÉAS
Study Finds 'Virtual Biopsy" Allows Doctors to Accurately Diagnose Precancerous Pancreatic Cysts [Ohio State University] The diagnostic method tested in the study provides doctors with a microscopic view of the cyst wall, which is produced by a tiny scope that emits laser light inside the cyst. This allows doctors to determine almost immediately if it is precancerous.
	4.3 DÉP., DIAG. & PRONO. - INDUSTRIELS
Foundation Medicine Expands Indication for FoundationOne®CDx as a Companion Diagnostic for Piqray® (alpelisib) [Foundation Medicine] FoundationOne CDx is the first and only FDA-approved broad comprehensive genomic profiling (CGP) test for all solid tumors, including breast cancer, that incorporates multiple companion diagnostics.
	5.1 TRAITEMENTS - PRÉ-CLINIQUE
New, Non-Hormonal Target Identified for Advanced Prostate Cancer [Duke] The researchers, publishing online Dec. 4 in Science Translational Medicine, identified a cell surface receptor that is essential for the function and survival of resistant prostate cancer cells, and showed in laboratory studies that this receptor can be targeted to halt tumor growth. A clinical trial is underway using a drug originally intended for lung diseases.
	5.10 TRAITEMENTS - ESSAIS
Gene-targeted olaparib delivers powerful blows against BRCA1/2 mutated prostate cancer [VHIO] Published as an online first and open access Article in The Lancet Oncology*, results from the TOPARP-B multi-center phase II trial have now confirmed the anti-tumor activity of single agent PARP inhibitor, olaparib, against metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC).
Weekly Dose-Dense Chemotherapy Does Not Improve PFS in First-Line Treatment for Epithelial Ovarian Cancer [ESMO] ICON8 results show no improvement in progression-free survival compared with standard 3-weekly regimen in predominantly European population.
This Experimental Targeted Therapy May Be Better For Repeat Kidney Cancer Patients Than Its Fda-approved Counterpart, Study Finds [City of Hope] Published in The Lancet Oncology on Dec. 3, the study is the first to show the benefit of tivozanib for patients with renal cell carcinoma (the most common form of kidney cancer) who had received two or more previous therapies.
	5.12.11 IMMUNOTHÉRAPIES - PRÉ-CLINIQUE
New screening method identifies potential anticancer compounds that reawaken T cells [Scripps] The technique may be useful in developing new combination-immunotherapy regimens against cancers and persistent infections.
	5.12.13 IMMUNOTHÉRAPIES - BIOMARQUEURS
New math model could lead to more personalized cancer therapies [university of Waterloo] In conducting their study, researchers calibrated the model with experimental data from studies on tumour growth and immunotherapy treatments. They then used the calibrated model to simulate the effects of chemotherapy in combination with different types of immunotherapies to predict the most effective combination of treatments.
	5.12.2 IMMUNOTHÉRAPIES - CAR-T, THÉRAPIES CELLULAIRES
Cut-price CAR-T cell therapies top India’s biotech agenda [Nature Biotechnology] Indian startups plan affordable CAR-T therapies—first for domestic use, then for the global market.
	5.12.4 IMMUNOTHÉRAPIES - ESSAIS
Anti-CTLA-4 Antibody Tremelimumab Shows Efficacy in Patients With Metastatic Bladder Cancer [AACR] After a median follow-up of 9.3 months, the overall response rate was 18.8 percent, including two complete responses and four partial responses. The median overall survival was 10.3 months, and the median progression-free survival was 2.6 months.
	5.12.5.1 IMMUNOTHÉRAPIES - BIOTECH
Pfizer Ventures helps gamma delta player ImCheck to $53M round [Fierce Biotech] ImCheck plans to test ICT01 as a monotherapy in solid and hematological cancers before testing it in combination with anti-PD-1/L1 checkpoint inhibitors.
	5.12.6 IMMUNOTHÉRAPIES - AMM
Roche's Tecentriq, chasing Merck's Keytruda, nabs another nod in all-important lung cancer [Fierce Pharma] This is not Tecentriq’s first go-ahead in front-line NSCLC—and arguably not even the most important one—but it does show Tecentriq can work with chemo.
New approval for Roche's Tecentriq heats up lung cancer battle with Keytruda [Biopharma Dive] Keytruda had sales of $7.2 billion in 2018, while Tecentriq brought in 772 million Swiss francs ($781 million) over that same time period.
Roche Notches FDA Nod in Lung Cancer, Amps Up Competition With Merck [Xconomy] Atezolizumab, developed by Roche subsidiary Genentech, previously won FDA approvals in metastatic non-squamous NSCLC with no EGFR or ALK mutations, and for metastatic NSCLC in adults whose disease has progressed after treatment with platinum-based chemotherapies.
Roche moves deeper into Merck territory with Tecentriq/chemo OK in frontline NSCLC [EndPoints] The latest OK covers the use of the PD-L1 drug in combination with a chemotherapy regimen comprising Abraxane and carboplatin in NSCLC patients whose cancer has metastasized and doesn’t carry EGFR or ALK genomic tumor aberrations.
	5.2 PHARMA
Nearly a year after surprise rejection, Immunomedics returns to FDA [EndPoints] Sacituzumab govitecan, or IMMU-132, is an antibody drug conjugate that is designed to deliver a specific payload directly to the tumor. In a Phase II clinical trial published in the New Engalnd Journal of Medicine, the drug had a 33.3% response rate and showed a median progression-free survival of 5.5 months.
	5.3.4 TRAITEMENTS - AMM (FDA, EMA,...)
Lynparza approved in China as a 1st-line maintenance therapy in BRCA-mutated advanced ovarian cancer [AstraZeneca] Only PARP inhibitor approved in this setting in China.
	6.1 OBSERVATION
Assessing Whether Infertile Men Have a Higher Risk of Prostate Cancer [JAMA] Among men who fathered children, this study linked male infertility, defined as the need to use IVF or IVF with ICSI to conceive a child, with an increased risk of prostate cancer and an earlier age at diagnosis. The findings don’t suggest that fertility treatments themselves raise men’s prostate cancer risk.
	6.10 POLITIQUES
Can Italy’s new science funding agency overcome a thin budget and worries over political meddling? [Science] €300 million would be used for innovative projects.
	6.6 PUBLICATIONS
To fix research assessment, swap slogans for definitions [Nature] Evaluation reforms will go round in circles without conceptual clarity, warns Anna Hatch.
	6.7 DMP, BIG DATA & APPLIS
American Cancer Society & Flatiron Health Launch Real-World Data Impact Award [ACS] Research could include characterizing healthcare disparities in treatment and outcomes among underserved populations in the US; evaluating national healthcare policy impact on practice patterns and patient outcomes; comparing effectiveness of treatments unlikely to be addressed by clinical trials; assessing impact of clinical guidelines on treatment and outcomes; and more.