Onco Actu du 17 décembre 2019

	1. BIOLOGIE
Neuroblastoma Study Reveals Rearrangements Originating From Extrachromosomal Circular DNA [Genome Web] "We envision that our findings extend to other cancers and that further detailed analyses of circle-derived rearrangements will shed new insights into our understanding of cancer genome remodeling."
Mayo Clinic researchers look at post menopause as key factor in endometrial cancer [Mayo Clinic] In a study published in Scientific Reports Mayo Clinic researchers identified a microbiome signature associated with endometrial cancer, which is in part promoted by post menopause. The goal of the study was to understand how endometrial cancer risk factors alter the reproductive tract microbiome and endometrial cancer risk.
	3.1.1 PRÉVENTION - TABAC - E-CIGS
Vaping increases the risk of lung disease by a third: U.S. study [Reuters] Glantz and colleagues used data on 32,000 adults surveyed in the CDC’s Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health (PATH), which tracked e-cigarette and tobacco habits, as well as new lung disease diagnoses from 2013 to 2016.
The First Study on the Long-Term Effects of Vaping Is Finally Here, and the Results Aren't Great [Vice] Vapers were about 30% more likely to have developed a chronic lung disease like asthma or emphysema — but cigarette smokers were worse off.
	4. DÉPISTAGE, DIAGNOSTIC ET PRONOSTIC
Saliva test shows promise for earlier and easier detection of mouth and throat cancer [Elsevier] A novel non-invasive technique may detect human papilloma virus-16, the strain associated with oropharyngeal cancer, in saliva samples, reports The Journal of Molecular Diagnostics.
	5.12.3 IMMUNOTHÉRAPIES-COMBINAISONS
Futility analysis performed of the phase II combination study with birinapant and Keytruda® in colorectal cancer patients [Medivir] IDMC's recommendation is that the study should be terminated as the analysis indicates that it is unlikely that the study's objectives will be met.
	5.12.7 IMMUNOTHÉRAPIES - VACCINS
New tool could help researchers design better cancer vaccines [Broad Institute] The researchers turned to machine learning to analyze a diverse set of more than 185,000 human antigens that they discovered, and generated a new set of rules that predict which antigens are presented on the surface of a person’s cells.
	5.2 PHARMA
Is AZ, Merck's Lynparza approvable in pancreatic cancer sans survival benefit? FDA's about to decide [Fierce Pharma] Is the observed effect on progression-free survival (PFS) clinically meaningful, considering a lack of evidence of an effect on overall survival (OS)? That's what the FDA will ask of the oncology experts Tuesday—and the answer is likely yes, an SVB Leerink team led by analyst Andrew Berens argued in a Friday note to clients.
	5.2.2 PHARMA - FUSIONS & ACQUISITIONS
After big M&A year, will pharma move away from massive deals in 2020? [Fierce Pharma] In 2019, pharma's average M&A price was $16 billion—a jump from the $13 billion average from the year before. But a couple of factors could drive a downward trend as pharma focuses on snagging biotechs.
	5.2.4 PHARMA - BEIGENE
BeiGene's Brukinsa misses in Imbruvica head-to-head, but analysts still chalk up a win [Fierce Pharma] BeiGene powered the trial to demonstrate that Brukinsa could double Imbruvica’s rate of complete or very good partial responses, Berens noted. And while it may have come up short of that goal, it still outdid the BTK class leader numerically, hitting that mark in 28.9% of relapsed or refractory patients versus Imbruvica’s 19.8%.
BeiGene's Brukinsa bet falls short against Imbruvica [Biopharma Dive] The trial, called ASPEN and testing Brukinsa as a treatment for Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia, is one of two Phase 3 studies aimed at proving the drug's superiority over Imbruvica in advanced blood cancers.
BeiGene's BTK inhibitor fails to beat market leader Imbruvica in key head-to-head study [EndPoints] Eric Hedrick — who is chief advisor to BeiGene and formerly was responsible for the development of Imbruvica in his capacity as interim chief medical officer at Pharmacyclics — insisted the totality of data was still supportive of Brukinsa’s potential.
BeiGene Announces Results of Phase 3 ASPEN Trial of Zanubrutinib Compared to Ibrutinib for the Treatment of Patients with Waldenström’s Macroglobulinemia [BeiGene] Primary Endpoint of Statistical Superiority Related to Deep Response (VGPR or Better) Was Not Met; However, Zanubrutinib Demonstrated More Frequent VGPRs (28.4% vs.19.2% in Overall Population).
BeiGene cancer drug fails in study against AbbVie: J&J's Imbruvica [Reuters] The latest trial compared the drugs in 229 patients with Waldenström’s Macroglobulinemia (WM), a rare, slow-growing blood cell cancer characterized by an excess of abnormal white blood cells in the bone marrow.
	5.2.5 PHARMA - GSK
GSK poised to leap back into the oncology market with more positive belantamab mafodotin results — but BCMA rivals are swarming in behind [EndPoints] A 31% overall response rate among 97 very sick patients with 3 complete responses in the bunch is likely enough to warrant an FDA OK — given regulators’ track record when it comes to patients and options.
Pivotal DREAMM-2 study demonstrated a clinically meaningful overall response rate with belantamab mafodotin (GSK2857916) for patients with relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma [GSK] Data published in The Lancet Oncology highlight the potential of belantamab mafodotin for patients with multiple myeloma whose disease has progressed.
Britain's GSK seeks U.S approval for rival to J&J's multiple myeloma drug [Reuters] Belantamab mafodotin targets the BCMA protein in cells characteristic of multiple myeloma - an area of focus for many drugmakers. The latest results are from the first of about 10 trials planned for belantamab mafodotin as GSK aims to soon show its benefits in earlier phases of treatment.
	5.2.6 PHARMA - BIOTECH
Deciphera files for approval of cancer drug ahead of schedule [Fierce Biotech] Deciphera Pharmaceuticals has filed for FDA approval of ripretinib in patients with advanced gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs). The filing moves Deciphera closer to establishing ripretinib as an option for patients failed by drugs from Bayer, Novartis and Pfizer.
	5.3.4 TRAITEMENTS - AMM (FDA, EMA,...)
Pfizer, Astellas' Xtandi matches J&J's rival Erleada with new prostate cancer nod [Fierce Pharma] Xtandi's approval comes three months after Erleada earned an approval in metastatic, castration-sensitive prostate cancer, following the FDA's real-time review of the drug’s phase 3 Titan trial.
XTANDI® (enzalutamide) Approved by U.S. FDA for the Treatment of Metastatic Castration-Sensitive Prostate Cancer [Astellas] With this approval, XTANDI is now the first and only oral treatment approved by the FDA in three distinct types of advanced prostate cancer – non-metastatic and metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) and mCSPC. The approval is based on results from ARCHES, a randomized Phase 3 study which evaluated 1,150 men with mCSPC and met its primary endpoint of radiographic progression-free survival (rPFS).
	6.1 OBSERVATION
Study Examines Causes of Death in U.S. Breast Cancer Survivors [Wiley] Within five to 10 years following diagnosis, about half of patients died of non–breast cancer causes, whereas the majority of those who survived beyond 10 years died of non–breast cancer causes.
	6.6 PUBLICATIONS
Hyperauthorship: global projects spark surge in thousand-author papers [Nature] The mass-authorship trend that began in particle physics is spreading to other fields.
	6.7.3 DMP
Billionaire Electronic Health Records Pioneer Judy Faulkner Warns Of Cambridge Analytica-Type Data Risk [Forbes] Judy Faulkner, founder of Epic, one of the largest providers of electronic medical health records, warned that a proposed rule on information sharing could create a Cambridge Analytica-type situation, where the data of a patients’ friends and family is shared without their consent.