Onco Actu du 28 novembre 2019

	1. BIOLOGIE
Many Ovarian Tumors May Originate in Two Cell Types [NYU Langone] Consistent with these findings, the researchers found that fallopian tube– and ovarian surface–derived tumors in mice expressed distinct sets of genes, many of which were expressed differently in the originating, normal cells. Cancer cells arise from normal cells in which disease-causing genetic changes have occurred.
	3.1.1 PRÉVENTION - TABAC - E-CIGS
New York City: Where You Can Get Cigarettes at Every Corner Store But There's Not an E-Cigarette to Be Found [The Rest of the Story] Although these policies strike a severe blow to the protection of the public's health, they are not bad for everyone. They are a tremendous gift to Big Tobacco, especially the cigarette companies which stand to gain financially from the removal of what is currently the greatest threat to cigarette sales.
	4.12 BIOPSIES LIQUIDES
MSK Study With Expanded Liquid Biopsy Panel Supports Value of Tumor-Normal Sequencing [Genome Web] Among other takeaways, the group said they found clonal hematopoiesis to be both more prevalent as a biological phenomenon and more problematic as a potential technical pitfall than previously recognized.
	4.9 DÉP., DIAG. & PRONO. - SEIN
Annual Over Biennial Mammograms Linked to Less Advanced Breast Cancer [University of Michigan] A new retrospective study addresses the question of how often to screen for breast cancer, suggesting benefits to yearly screening.
M.R.I.s Can Better Detect Cancer in Women With Dense Breasts, Study Finds [NY Times] The study, the first large randomized controlled trial of supplemental M.R.I.s in women with dense breasts, was published in the New England Journal of Medicine on Wednesday.
MRI spots tumors in women with dense breasts, but false positives a problem [Reuters] Dr. Richard Wender, chief cancer control officer at the American Cancer Society, said he disagrees with Longo’s suggestion that the study was finding too many tumors that may not have been serious enough to treat and that MRI might not improve survival.
MRIs of dense breasts find more cancer but also false alarms [AP] This suggests that adding MRIs to initial screening did catch more cancers, but they also gave a lot of false alarms— about 80 per 1,000 scans. Three quarters of women who had a biopsy after a questionable MRI turned out not to have cancer.
	5.10 TRAITEMENTS - ESSAIS
Gilteritinib Improves Survival in AML with FLT3 Mutations [NCI] The trial results are “not the final word on how to treat relapsed or refractory AML,” Dr. Perl said. Despite the improvement in survival, he stressed, long-term survival in this study was still low in both treatment groups.
	5.12.4 IMMUNOTHÉRAPIES - ESSAIS
Prostate cancer ‘super responders’ live for two years on immunotherapy [Institute of Cancer Research] The study found that one in 20 men with end-stage prostate cancer responded to the immunotherapy pembrolizumab – but although the number who benefited was small, these patients sometimes gained years of extra life.
Immunotherapy offers hope for men with prostate cancer [BBC News] The most dramatic responses were seen in patients whose tumours had mutations in genes involved in repairing DNA. Researchers are now investigating whether this group might benefit the most from immunotherapy in a larger trial.
	5.12.5 IMMUNOTHÉRAPIES - PHARMA
Tyvyt® (Sintilimab Injection), an Innovative PD-1 Inhibitor Jointly Developed by Innovent and Lilly, is Included in the New Catalogue of National Reimbursement Drug List (NRDL) [Innovent] Tyvyt® (sintilimab injection), an innovative drug jointly developed in China by Innovent and Lilly, has been granted marketing approval by the NMPA for r/r cHL, and included in the 2019 Guidelines of Chinese Society of Clinical Oncology (“CSCO”) for Lymphoid Malignancies.
	5.4 TRAITEMENTS - ECONOMIE
Mounting drug shortages delay treatments for patients with bladder cancer [CNBC] The shortages started several years ago, when at least two companies were supplying the drug: Sanofi-Pasteur, and Merck. But after the FDA cited quality problems at a Sanofi plant in 2012 -- from 58 documentations of mold to nesting birds observed in air-intake grills -- Sanofi decided to leave the market in 2016.
	5.6.4 ESMO - POUMON
First-line Treatment with Osimertinib Associated with Longer OS in EGFR Mutation–positive Advanced NSCLC [ESMO] Osimertinib provides longer overall survival than a comparator EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor in EGFR mutation–positive, advanced non-small cell lung cancer.
	5.8 ASH
What to Look for at ASH 2019 [OBR] During a pre-meeting webinar devoted to ASH 2019, experts highlighted important advances and practice-changing studies to be presented in Orlando, FL, December 7-10, 2019.
	5.8.4 ASH - CAR-T
CAR T-Cell Therapy Studies to Look for at the ASH Annual Meeting [Cancer Network] Research on chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy to be presented at the 61st American Society of Hematology (ASH) Annual Meeting & Exposition is set to address drawbacks associated with such treatment, such as time, expense, and toxicity, according to Robert A. Brodsky, MD.
	6.9 CONTROVERSES
Protect Italy’s new funding agency [Nature] Lawmakers must ensure that a much-needed funding agency is independent and autonomous.