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1. BIOLOGIE
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Lung Cancer Studies From TRACERx Consortium Explore How Tumor Cells Evolve [Genome Web]
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The researchers developed a 23-gene prognostic signature they called the outcome risk-associated clonal lung expression (ORACLE) biomarker that they said avoids the issue of heterogeneity by relying on stable genetic features. They reported that patients with a low-risk ORACLE signature had a higher three-year overall survival rate, as compared to those with a high-risk signature
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1.1 BIOLOGIE - GÉNOME
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Prostate Cancer Methylation Levels Linked to Regulatory Variants in Germline [Genome Web]
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Members of an international team led by investigators in Canada, the US, and the UK brought together new and already available whole-genome or exome sequence data for nearly 600 individuals with localized prostate cancer to tally germline variants across the genome. They then looked at how these alterations lined up with somatic mutations and array-based DNA methylation features in the patients' tumor tissue.
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1.3 PRIX NOBEL
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Nobel Prize in medicine goes to oxygen sensing research [Fierce Biotech]
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That broad potential is reflected in the pipeline of drugs targeting pathways related to the research. Companies including AstraZeneca see inhibitors of HIF-prolyl hydroxylase as a better way to treat renal anemia, while Merck illustrated the excitement about the potential of the research in cancer by paying $1.05 billion upfront to buy Peloton Therapeutics for its HIF-2α inhibitor.
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Trio wins Nobel Prize for Medicine for 'fundamental' discovery [EndPoints]
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Compared to last year — when James Allison and Tasuku Honjo won for pioneering cancer immunotherapies that have already been used to treat thousands of patients – this year’s’ work feels academic in its impact to-date on medicine and pharmacology. But it comes from winners who have pushed back on translatability as a counterproductive metric for research.
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Nobel prize in medicine awarded to hypoxia researchers [The Guardian]
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The work has led to the development of a number of drugs such as roxadustat and daprodustat, which treat anaemia/ Similar drugs aim to help heart disease and lung cancer patients who struggle to get enough oxygen into their bloodstream. More experimental drugs based on the finding seek to prevent other cancers growing by blocking their ability to make new blood vessels.
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Biologists who decoded how cells sense oxygen win medicine Nobel [Nature]
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Kaelin, in particular, has taken his field to task for pursuing possible cancer treatments that aren’t backed up by strong evidence. “The most dangerous result in science is the one you were hoping for, because you declare victory and get lazy,” he told scientists at a 2018 talk at the US National Institutes of Health in Bethesda, Maryland.
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The 2019 Medicine Nobel [In The Pipeline]
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This also allows you to see how tumor biology ties into the HIF story, since solid tumors are almost invariably low in oxygen due to their density and fast metabolism – disrupting their adaptation to these conditions could make them more sensitive to all sorts of other therapy.
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1.4 BIOLOGIE - TECHNOS, MODÈLES
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3.1.1 PRÉVENTION - TABAC - E-CIGS
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E-Cigarette Smoke Causes Lung Cancer in Mice [NYU Langone Health]
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Dr. Tang acknowledges the study’s limitations, including that it was conducted in a relatively small number of mice susceptible to developing cancer over their lifetime (a one-year study period designed to offset age-related cancer). The study mice also did not inhale smoke like a human would, but instead, were surrounded by it through whole-body exposure.
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4.12 BIOPSIES LIQUIDES
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Predicting lung cancer’s return at surgery [Cancer Research UK]
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The new study, published in Nature Medicine,shows that if potential tumour cells are detected in the blood during surgery, it’s a good indicator that lung cancer will return. It’s still early days, so far only 100 patient blood samples have been analysed.
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4.2 DÉP., DIAG. & PRONO. - GÉNOME
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All For BRCA, BRCA For All? [The DNA Exchange]
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Population BRCA screening may prove to be cost-effective but that does not necessarily mean it would be the best use of limited health care dollars and resources. It is not exactly a zero sum game, but no matter how you slice and dice it, all health care problems cannot be covered with even the most generous allocation of resources.
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5.10 TRAITEMENTS - ESSAIS
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5.2 PHARMA
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5.3 TRAITEMENTS - FDA, EMA, NICE...
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Is FDA Too Lax With its Drug Approval Standards? Senior FDA Officials Discuss [RAPS]
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Gideon Blumenthal, deputy director of FDA’s Office of Oncology Excellence (OCE), added that overall survival “is the gold standard endpoint” for oncology drugs, and “that’s what we always want to attain but there are circumstances where patient populations are getting smaller and smaller, and it would be impossible to detect overall survival.”
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5.6.8 ESMO - CÔLON-RECTUM
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6.10 POLITIQUES
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6.11 PATIENTS
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6.5 MÉDECINES ALTERNATIVES/COMPLÉMENTAIRES
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