Onco Actu du 7 octobre 2019

	1. BIOLOGIE
Study: Aggressive Breast Cancers Store Large Amounts of Energy, Which Enables It to Spread [University of Michigan] “We think that this ability to change, for breast cancer cells to rewire themselves depending on their environment, is why many patients become resistant to precision medicines. Our study shows one way the cancer cells do this is by creating a reservoir of building blocks or energy.”
	1.3 PRIX NOBEL
The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2019 [Nobel] They established the basis for our understanding of how oxygen levels affect cellular metabolism and physiological function. Their discoveries have also paved the way for promising new strategies to fight anemia, cancer and many other diseases.
	1.4 BIOLOGIE - TECHNOS, MODÈLES
Researchers Make It Possible for Ultrasound to Reveal Gene Expression in the Body [Caltech] Some of the most important tools in the toolbox of modern cell biologists are special chunks of DNA that act like spies, reporting on the cell's function. The markers, known as reporter genes, allow researchers to get a sense for what cells are doing by watching genetic programs embedded in their DNA turn on and off.
	2. ETIOLOGIE
N-Acetyl Cysteine: A Warning Shot [In The Pipeline] Now that’s something to think about, isn’t it? It comes with the usual caveats about mouse models, but it ties in with the other reports that cancer is a complex enough situation that trying to prevent it (or treat it) with antioxidants is ill-advised at the very least.
	2.11 ETIOLOGIE - ALIMENTATION
Don’t put red, processed meat back on the menu: Cancer and dietary experts dispute controversial directive [The Cancer Letter] NutriRECS, or Nutritional Recommendations and Accessible Evidence Summaries Composed of Systematic Reviews, bills itself as “an independent group” of researchers founded by three researchers—an epidemiologist from Canada, a health services researcher from Spain, and another epidemiologist from Poland.
Guyatt: Existing dietary guidelines for red and processed meat are based on slim evidence and are paternalistic [The Cancer Letter] So, we’re not telling you that everybody should continue. We’re saying that it should be a fully informed decision, and our guess is that, when fully informed, the majority of people would choose to continue. We could be wrong. Perhaps the majority of people would choose to reduce. But that was our guess, that the majority would choose to continue.
Scientist Who Discredited Meat Guidelines Didn’t Report Past Food Industry Ties [NY Times] Dr. Laine, editor in chief of the Annals of Internal Medicine, said if Dr. Johnston had chosen to disclose a financial relationship with the food industry group, it would not have changed the journal’s decision to publish the research. What matters to the journal editors and peer-review team, she said, is the fact that the group had clear protocols for examining the data and was transparent about its methods.
	3.1 PRÉVENTION - TABAC
Altria launches Iqos tobacco device in US, and the timing couldn’t be better [CNBC] Iqos isn’t a vaping device or a cigarette. It heats tobacco, but doesn’t burn it, and is designed to give users the same rush of nicotine as smoking with fewer toxins.
	3.1.1 PRÉVENTION - TABAC - E-CIGS
Statement on consumer warning to stop using THC vaping products amid ongoing investigation into lung illnesses [FDA] At this time, the FDA does not have enough data to identify the cause, or causes, of the lung injuries in these cases. Additionally, while no one compound or ingredient has emerged as a singular culprit, we do know that THC is present in most of the samples being tested.
So You Want to Quit Vaping? No One Actually Knows How [Wired] E-cigarettes can be more addictive and even harder to quit than regular cigarettes, so kicking the habit may take even more vigilance.
U.S. judge keeps intact Massachusetts' toughest-in-nation vaping ban [Reuters] The VTA says Baker’s ban, if left standing, will irreparably destroy Massachusetts’ $331 million nicotine vapor products industry and the livelihoods of the nearly 2,500 workers it employs.
	5. TRAITEMENTS
‘It’s really a horrific situation’: What one doctor thinks about drug shortages‚ and how to solve them [STAT] Dr. Ben Davies, a professor of urology at the University of Pittsburgh, talks about the recurring problem of drug shortages and in particular a bladder cancer drug called BCG.
	5.1 TRAITEMENTS - PRÉ-CLINIQUE
Growing tumors in a dish, scientists try to personalize pancreatic cancer treatment [STAT] Dr. Joseph Grossman, who is leading the Harnessing Organoids for Personalized Therapy (or HOPE) study, has enrolled 76 patients so far, and grown tumor organoids suitable for drug testing from a dozen of them. With preliminary data from those dozen, supported by years of research in cells and mice, Grossman and others have found such personal organoids to be predictive.
New evolution-busting drug overcomes resistance in aggressive breast cancers [Institute of Cancer Research] MPS1 is involved in organisation of chromosomes during cell division, ensuring they are distributed correctly between daughter cells and making sure that cell division doesn’t go ahead until they have been parcelled out evenly. By blocking MPS1 using the new drugs, cancer cells speed through cell division with the wrong number of chromosomes and die as a consequence.
	5.12.2 IMMUNOTHÉRAPIES - CAR-T, THÉRAPIES CELLULAIRES
Arcellx raises $85M to take anti-BCMA cell therapy into humans [Fierce Biotech] Whereas Kite’s Yescarta and Novartis’ Kymriah target tumors using a receptor built into the cell, Arcellx’s candidates lack the means to identify cancer cells. Instead, they feature an extracellular domain that binds to a soluble protein targeting mechanism, dubbed sparX, that can be administered separately.
	5.2 PHARMA
J&J steps forward in PARP prostate-cancer race with FDA ‘breakthrough’ for Zejula [Fierce Pharma] Still, when it comes to clinical trial results in prostate cancer, Zejula has often been overshadowed by Lynparza—and this year’s ESMO was no exception.
Moffitt Cancer Center Launches Immunotherapy Contract Research Organization [Moffitt Cancer Center] The CRO will offer end-to-end services for pharmaceutical and biotech companies. This will include preclinical study, manufacturing, clinical trial design and oversight, as well as data management and regulatory assistance.
	5.4 TRAITEMENTS - ECONOMIE
Merck, BMS, AbbVie blockbusters will rule pharma sales in 2025: report [Fierce Pharma] Behind Keytruda in GlobalData's 2025 sales forecast are Bristol-Myers Squibb and Pfizer’s Eliquis at $18.7 billion, Celgene’s Revlimid at $12.4 billion, Bristol’s Opdivo at $12 billion and AbbVie and Johnson & Johnson’s Imbruvica at $11.9 billion.
King Keytruda: Merck's PD-1 star scores #1 position and $22B+ prediction in another top 10 blockbuster list for 2025 [EndPoints] The $22.2 billion estimate for Keytruda is among the highest number put forward by analysts. Evaluate pegged worldwide sales in 2024 at $17 billion, while Mizuho’s Mara Goldstein’s forecast was that it would surpass $20 billion by then.
	6. LUTTE CONTRE LES CANCERS
Why the Women Most Likely to Die of Breast Cancer Have Gotten the Least Attention [TIME] Ghajar pointed out that the Cancer Moonshot, a National Cancer Institute initiative launched by President Barack Obama and Vice President Joe Biden, does not explicitly provide funding to address the challenges of metastatic cancer. “How can you have a moonshot trying to cure cancer and not mention people dying of cancer?” he said.