Onco Actu du 18 otobre 2019

	1. BIOLOGIE
The big picture of a microscopic event [Garvan Institute] In a ‘SnapShot’, published in the prestigious journal Cell, Professor O’Donoghue and his colleagues have illustrated the complex biology of DNA replication in an entirely new way – a step-by-step roadmap of how a cell copies its DNA.
	1.4 BIOLOGIE - TECHNOS, MODÈLES
Imaging combined with genetic screening of cells enhances genomic discoveries [Broad Institute] “With this new approach, anyone can use microscopy to screen thousands of genes in a few days without specialized equipment,” said Avtar Singh, a postdoctoral researcher in the lab of Paul Blainey at the Broad. The study is published in Cell.
	3.1 PRÉVENTION - TABAC
Tobacco Use and Tobacco-Related Behaviors — 11 Countries, 2008–2017 [CDC] Analyses of data from 11 countries that conducted at least two rounds of the Global Adult Tobacco Survey showed progress in tobacco control efforts in terms of tobacco use; exposure to secondhand smoke; contemplated quitting because of cigarette package warning labels; and exposure to tobacco advertising, promotions, and sponsorships.
	3.1.1 PRÉVENTION - TABAC - E-CIGS
Juul Suspends Online Sales of Flavored E-Cigarettes [NY Times] Facing multiple inquiries into its marketing practices and its role in the rise of teenage vaping, the company suspended internet access to mango, cucumber and other pods.
Juul halts all U.S. sales of many flavored nicotine liquids [Reuters] Thursday’s move, which ends online sales, means Juul’s mango, fruit, creme and cucumber nicotine pod flavors will no longer be available for sale anywhere in the United States. The company last year pulled those flavors from retail stores but continued to sell them on its website with what the company said were “strict age-verification controls.”
U.S. ramps up testing in search of vaping illness cause as cases near 1,500 [Reuters] The U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) also said it plans to start testing lung tissue and fluids collected from people who became sick in the outbreak. The CDC said the new testing may lend insight into chemical exposures contributing to the outbreak.
	4.2 DÉP., DIAG. & PRONO. - GÉNOME
Competitor accuses 23andMe of ‘false negatives’ in cancer-gene testing [STAT] Although the BRCA1/2 variants that 23andMe tests for are most common in Ashkenazi Jews, even among them 19% of their BRCA1/2 mutations would be missed. Among non-Ashkenazis, 94% of the BRCA1/2 mutations would be missed.
Researchers Quantify Limitations of Health Reports from Direct-to-Consumer Genetic Tests [ASHG] They studied 270,806 patients who had been referred by healthcare providers for MUTYH genetic testing, and 119,328 who had been referred for BRCA1/2 genetic testing.
Genetic testing kits 'may wrongly reassure those at risk of cancer' [The Guardian] Consumer testing kits fail to pick up majority of DNA mutations, say researchers.
	4.9 DÉP., DIAG. & PRONO. - SEIN
Breast Cancer Genetic Testing for All Women? [DNA Science Blog] Mary-Claire King, PhD, the American Cancer Society Professor of Genome Sciences at the University of Washington, has suggested that all women over 30 be offered testing for mutations that increase risk of breast and ovarian cancer – and those genes number many more than the two she discovered, BRCA1 and BRCA2.
	5.1 TRAITEMENTS - PRÉ-CLINIQUE
Researchers identify targeted therapy that can help children with deadly nerve cancer [EurekAlert!] The Mount Sinai researchers found that neuroblastoma in older children and adolescents harboring deletions within a gene called ATRX may be responsive to a targeted therapy called tazemetostat.
	5.12.2 IMMUNOTHÉRAPIES - CAR-T, THÉRAPIES CELLULAIRES
ArsenalBio joins next-gen cell therapy field with $85M A round [Fierce Biotech] The design and production of first-generation T-cell therapies entails using a viral vector to insert one cell-targeting transgene. ArsenalBio wants to use CRISPR-based genome engineering to rewrite far larger sections of DNA, potentially leading to better treatments that are faster and simpler to design and manufacture.
Sean Parker helps create a CRISPRed cell therapy 2.0 play — and he’s got a high-profile set of leaders on the team [EndPoints] “The technology set we’re developing is independent of the chassis,” Drazan tells me. “It doesn’t have to be autologous (extracted from the patient) or allogeneic (off the shelf). It doesn’t have to be a T cell, it could be a B cell.” But they are starting out on the autologous side, where they have the most knowledge and insight into manufacturing techniques.
	5.17 TRAITEMENTS - RADIOTHÉRAPIE
MD Anderson and Varian partner to optimize radiation oncology treatment [MD Anderson Cancer Center] The goal of the platform is to establish an efficient framework to connect participating sites to a central database, allowing MD Anderson physicians to host collaborative review sessions around treatment plans and to communicate plan changes back to physicians.
	5.2 PHARMA
AstraZeneca and Daiichi get Q2 2020 PDUFA date for breast cancer ADC [Fierce Biotech] [Fam-] trastuzumab deruxtecan arrives at the FDA on the back of a phase 2 trial that hit its primary endpoint. AstraZeneca and its partner Daiichi are yet to share a detailed look at the results.
The FDA will hustle up an expedited review for AstraZeneca’s next shot at a blockbuster cancer drug franchise [EndPoints] At last look, the data from Phase II demonstrated a 22.1 month rate of progression-free survival among breast cancer victims, with tumor shrinkage in 102 of 111 evaluable patients.
AstraZeneca breast cancer treatment gets FDA priority review [Reuters] The treatment, also known as DS-8201, targets the HER2 protein, a major trigger of uncontrolled cell growth in about 20% of breast cancer cases. It is an area where Roche has been a pioneer with its best-seller Herceptin.
	5.2.6 PHARMA - BIOTECH
Syros cans solid tumor drug after seeing early clinical data [Fierce Biotech] Syros Pharmaceuticals has stopped development of its intravenous CDK7 inhibitor SY-1365 after early clinical data came up short. The lackluster results led Syros to switch its attention to an oral CDK7 inhibitor, SY-5609, that is due to enter the clinic early next year.
Protein-degrading Plexium debuts with $28M to attack cancer, neurodegenerative disease [Fierce Biotech] San Diego-based Plexium joins the likes of Cedilla Therapeutics, Nurix and Kymera Therapeutics, all of which are looking to exploit the body’s protein degradation machinery—the ubiquitin proteasome system—to knock down disease-causing proteins. These companies are aiming at “undruggable” proteins, those parts of the human proteome that are not accessible with current approaches.
Mirati preps its first look at their KRAS G12C contender, and they have to clear a high bar for success [EndPoints] Mirati will unveil its first peek at the early clinical data available on MRTX849 in presentations at the AACR-NCI-EORTC International Conference on Molecular Targets and Cancer Therapeutics in Boston.
	5.4 TRAITEMENTS - ECONOMIE
Targeted breast cancer treatment approved for NHS use in England [Cancer Research UK] Neratinib blocks the cancer growth by interfering with chemical signals sent between cells. It’s recommended for use for patients whose cancer tests positive for hormone receptors and a molecule called HER2. The treatment will only be available to adults who’ve been treated with trastuzumab within the last year, and where trastuzumab was used after initial treatment to help stop their cancer coming back.
	6.10.1 POLITIQUES (USA)
$3 billion ballot proposition will decide fate of Texas cancer research funding agency [Science] Supporters say CPRIT has been boon for research efforts and state economy.
	6.11 PATIENTS
Starting Chemotherapy, When You’re Ready [NY Times] It’s better if you start cancer treatment when you can jump in wholeheartedly and without regrets.