Onco Actu du 6 septembre 2019

	3.1.1 PRÉVENTION - TABAC - E-CIGS
Vitamin E Suspected In Serious Lung Problems Among People Who Vaped Cannabis [NPR] He says the lab has found very high amounts of vitamin E in 13 of the patient-submitted cartridges they've analyzed. "As high as even 50 percent of the liquid that is in the vaping [cartridge]."
Contaminant found in vaping products linked to deadly lung illnesses, state and federal labs show [Washington Post] Additional reports of lung illnesses are under investigation, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
	4.10 DÉP., DIAG. & PRONO. - POUMON
Screenings for lung cancer can point to other smoking-related conditions [UPI] "Only 2 percent of smokers who have lung cancer screenings are going to be found to have actual cancer," Elizabeth Regan, a researcher at National Jewish Health and study lead author, told UPI. "We are providing evidence that you can use those same scans without much of change in expense and be able to identify emphysema, evidence of heart disease and osteoporosis."
	4.2 DÉP., DIAG. & PRONO. - GÉNOME
Large-Scale Multigene Panel Study of Hereditary Cancer Risk Refines Gene Associations [Genome Web] The available data "support even broader use of larger panels that contain a variety of hereditary cancer genes," the authors concluded, "even when patients lack classic clinical features associated with some of the genes, as evidenced by the mismatch in testing criteria met with what genes were actually mutated in some patients."
	4.5 DÉP., DIAG. & PRONO. - COLORECTAL
Fewer women do bowel screening test [University of Glasgow] A research team led by Professor Colin McCowan at the University of St Andrews and Dr Katie Robb from the University of Glasgow found that while 81% of women took part in cervical cancer screening and 73% in breast cancer screening only 60% of women took part in bowel screening.
	4.7 DÉP., DIAG. & PRONO. - COL DE L'UTÉRUS
Analysis of cervical cancer and abnormality outcomes in an era of cervical screening and HPV vaccination in Australia [AIHW] Screen-detected cervical cancers were less likely to cause death than those diagnosed in never-screened women, and HPV-vaccinated women were more likely to participate in cervical screening, and less likely to have a high-grade abnormality.
	5. TRAITEMENTS
Inside drugmakers' strategy to boost cancer medicines with 'Lazarus effect' [Reuters] Adoption of so-called next-generation sequencing (NGS) tests has been stalled by lack of reimbursement from insurers over concerns that the evidence is not there yet to support widescale use, according to more than a dozen interviews with oncologists and pharmaceutical and diagnostic industry executives.
	5.1 TRAITEMENTS - PRÉ-CLINIQUE
Using MicroRNA to Starve a Tumor? [NIH Director's Blog] Their studies in mice showed that loss of TGF-beta signals in endothelial cells blocked the growth of new blood vessels and thus tumors. Further study showed that those effects were due in part to elevated levels of miR-30c. The two interact in endothelial cells as part of a previously unrecognized signaling pathway that coordinates the growth of new blood vessels in tumors.
	5.12 IMMUNOTHÉRAPIES
Researchers Characterize Lung Inflammation Associated With Some Cancer Immnunotherapy [Johns Hopkins] The study found that immune cells are altered with checkpoint inhibitor-associated lung inflammation, a complication of some cancer drugs.
	5.12.4 IMMUNOTHÉRAPIES - ESSAIS
Bristol-Myers Squibb's Opdivo fails 3rd straight test in tough-to-treat brain cancer [Fierce Pharma] One of Opdivo's previous GBM tests showed a combination of the PD-1 med and radiation failed to outdo chemo plus radiation in newly diagnosed patients. Those phase 3 data, released in May, followed an April 2017 trial showing Opdivo didn't measure up to Roche’s Avastin at helping patients with a first recurrence live longer.
Bristol-Myers Squibb Provides Update on Phase 3 Opdivo (nivolumab) CheckMate -548 Trial in Patients with Newly Diagnosed MGMT-Methylated Glioblastoma Multiforme [BMS] Though CheckMate -548 did not show statistically significant improvement in progression-free survival, we are continuing to evaluate the benefit the addition of Opdivo to the standard of care treatment regimen may bring to patients suffering from GBM, an extremely aggressive and difficult disease to treat.
Strike three: Bristol-Myers’ third I/O shot at glioblastoma misses as Opdivo flops yet again on key endpoint [EndPoints] In this case, though, the Bristol-Myers team joins a long list of failures in fighting brain cancer, which remains one of the toughest targets in oncology.
	5.12.6 IMMUNOTHÉRAPIES - AMM
European Commission approves Roche’s Tecentriq in combination with chemotherapy for the initial treatment of people with extensive-stage small cell lung cancer [Roche] Tecentriq in combination with chemotherapy (carboplatin and etoposide) is the first and only cancer immunotherapy approved by the European Medicines Agency for the initial treatment of extensive-stage small cell lung cancer (ES-SCLC).
European Commission approves Roche’s new Tecentriq-based combination therapy as an initial treatment for most common form of advanced lung cancer [Roche] The European Commission has approved and granted marketing authorisation for Tecentriq® (atezolizumab) in combination with chemotherapy (carboplatin and Abraxane® [albumin-bound paclitaxel; nab-paclitaxel]), for the initial (first-line) treatment of adults with metastatic non-squamous non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) who do not have EGFR mutant or ALK-positive NSCLC.
	5.2 PHARMA
Novartis investigational lung cancer therapy capmatinib (INC280) granted FDA Breakthrough Therapy Designation for patients with MET-mutated advanced non-small cell lung cancer [Novartis] Breakthrough Therapy Designation (BTD) now covers treatment-naïve and patients previously treated with platinum-based chemotherapy.
Novartis joins Pfizer with FDA fast-track tag for lung cancer hopeful [Reuters] Drugmakers like Novartis and Pfizer are increasing using biomarker-driven drugs to treat patients with rare tumors — only about 3%-4% of lung cancer patients have the MET exon14 skipping mutation — that have proven very difficult for oncologists to fight with their existing arsenal of medicines.
	5.2.1 PHARMA - PARTENARIATS
Theragnostics Signs Agreement With AstraZeneca [Theragnostics] Enables development of first-in-class molecular radiotherapy based on PARP inhibitor.
	5.2.3 PHARMA - ÉCONOMIE
How much has the cancer R&D frenzy translated into drug approvals? A lot [EndPoints] Notably, while clinical development was 9% longer than non-cancer drugs on average, the time taken for regulatory approval was 48% shorter — a gap that will likely increase as regulators continue to push existing accelerated pathways as well as new ideas such as Phase 0 studies and real-world evidence.
	5.3 TRAITEMENTS - FDA, EMA, NICE...
Ned Sharpless in final running for FDA commish with MD Anderson exec and Harvard prof — reports [EndPoints] Acting commissioner Ned Sharpless is contending with Stephen Hahn, chief of radiation oncology at MD Anderson, and Harvard dermatology professor Alexa Boer Kimball, according to reports.
	6.1 OBSERVATION
PTSD linked to increased risk of ovarian cancer [Harvard] To better understand how PTSD may influence ovarian cancer risk, researchers analyzed data from the Nurses’ Health Study II, which tracked the health of tens of thousands of women between 1989 and 2015 through biennial questionnaires and medical records. Participants were asked about ovarian cancer diagnosis on each questionnaire, and information was validated through a review of medical records.
Global Analysis Finds Early Onset Colorectal Cancer Now Rising in Many High-Income Countries [ACS] The study, appearing in the journal Gut, finds the rising rates are in contrast to stable or declining trends in older adults, suggesting that changes in early-life exposures are increasing CRC risk.