Onco Actu du 29 mai 2019

	1. BIOLOGIE
Learning about advanced cancer from the people who donate their bodies after death [Cancer Research UK] In new research, 10 patients with advanced breast cancer chose to donate their bodies after their death. Their gift allowed Cancer Research UK scientists in Cambridge to collect multiple samples of advanced cancer in all the places it had spread to – up to 37 tumours in a single patient.
Breast cancer spreads through the body in just two or three waves [New Scientist] Because all the tumour cells in a person’s body descend from a single cell with cancerous mutations, they were able to draw a “family tree” for each woman, showing how the tumour cells were related, and revealing how long ago they split from each other. “The number of mutations is effectively a clock,” says Caldas.
	1.1 BIOLOGIE - GÈNES
Studying Genes and Proteins Together Sheds New Light on Colon Cancer [NCI] To enable future investigations, data from this and other CPTAC studies are available to the public for free (subject to a data use agreement), Dr. Rodriguez explained. In fact, more than 19,000 people have used the database to date.
	4.12 BIOPSIES LIQUIDES
Deep Learning Algorithms Are Expected To Boost Liquid Biopsy Techniques [Forbes] In 2016 the global liquid biopsy market size was valued at $23.49 million, but as money flows in the sector it is predicted to exceed $1.2 billion by 2023.
	4.15 DÉP., DIAG. & PRONO. - IMAGERIE
NIH and radiology societies map path for translational research on AI in medical imaging [NIH] The report, published in the May 28, 2019, Journal of the American College of Radiology, identifies research priorities that leverage big data, the cloud, and machine learning for augmenting clinicians’ image planning and use to make diagnoses or assess patients’ responses to therapy.
	4.9 DÉP., DIAG. & PRONO. - SEIN
Researchers Advance Search For Laboratory Test to Predict Spread of Breast Cancer [Johns Hopkins] In laboratory experiments, the MAqCI device accurately predicted the metastatic potential of breast cancer cell lines and of patient-derived tumors grown in animals in a majority of specimens.
	5. TRAITEMENTS
Where Drugs Come From: A Comprehensive Look [In The Pipeline] This is a solid article by Jeffrey Flier (open-access in the Journal of Clinical Investigation) on the roles of academia and industry in drug discovery. Which is a topic that refuses to go away. I am prepared to swear that before starting this blog I had no idea of how many people are convinced that the drug industry does little or no research, and that academic labs discover all the drugs.
	5.1 TRAITEMENTS - PRÉ-CLINIQUE
Expanding the reach of proteasome inhibitors [Broad Institute] The team’s findings highlight how drug sensitivity connects to cancer cells' metabolism. The study also suggests that a different drug that has been previously studied in clinical trials may provide a way to overcome resistance to proteasome inhibition by exploiting the cells' metabolic processes.
	5.16 TRAITEMENTS - CHIRURGIE
New Evidence Supports Surgery For Rare Type of Brain Lymphoma [Johns Hopkins] Comprehensive review of published studies suggests surgery beneficial for one type of primary central nervous system lymphoma.
	5.17 TRAITEMENTS - RADIOTHÉRAPIE
Prostate gel spacer reduces bowel and bladder damage [BBC News] A man with prostate cancer is the first NHS patient in the UK to have a device implanted which can reduce the side effects of radiotherapy by 70%.
	5.2 PHARMA
AstraZeneca pivots to early-stage cancer in search of a niche [Fierce Biotech] “We need to spend our resources on those places where we can cure more people and that’s in early disease,” Baselga said. “It’s a deep philosophical belief that we have.”
Bayer receives U.S. FDA breakthrough therapy designation for copanlisib for the treatment of marginal zone lymphoma [Bayer] Bayer is conducting two additional Phase III studies – CHRONOS-3 and CHRONOS-4 – to confirm the efficacy and safety of copanlisib in combination with other therapies in iNHL (including MZL) patients who have relapsed following one or more prior therapies.
	5.2.3 PHARMA - ÉCONOMIE
China's driving sales growth ahead of the U.S. for Big Pharma. But can it last? [Fierce Pharma] Now that China's increasingly important to Big Pharma, investors are naturally tracking it closely—and they wonder just how long that kind of growth can last. For good reason, too; though all of those top companies see big opportunities in China, at least four of them warn growth could be uneven in the quarters ahead.
	5.3 TRAITEMENTS - FDA, EMA, NICE...
Questions raised over cancer drugs in FDA's accelerated approval program [CNN] "Cancer patients need cancer drugs faster, and accelerated approval helps expedite the process but patients don't need just any cancer drugs, they need cancer drugs that help them have a longer and-or better lives."
Cancer Drugs Approved Quickly Often Fail To Measure Up Later [NPR] In the follow-up studies, only 19 of the 93 drugs clearly extended the lives of the patients taking them, according to the study, published in the latest JAMA Internal Medicine.
	5.3.4 TRAITEMENTS - AMM (FDA, EMA,...)
Novartis grabs blockbuster cancer nod for Piqray on double good news day [Fierce Pharma] Also known as alpelisib, or BYL719, Piqray boasts two firsts. One, it is the first drug meant specifically for HR+/HER2- breast cancer patients with a PIK3CA mutation. And, it’s the first novel drug approved under the FDA’s Real-Time Oncology Review pilot program, which allows for faster evaluation of breakthrough cancer drugs, the agency said.
FDA Approves REVLIMID® (Lenalidomide) In Combination With Rituximab For the Treatment of Adult Patients with Previously Treated Follicular Lymphoma or Marginal Zone Lymphoma [Celgene] Approval marks the first chemotherapy-free combination regimen for patients who have relapsed or did not respond to previous treatment.
FDA approves lenalidomide for follicular and marginal zone lymphoma [FDA] Approval was based on two clinical trials: AUGMENT (NCT01938001) and MAGNIFY (NCT01996865).
	5.5.1.2 ASCO (GÉNÉRAL) - ACADÉMIQUES
Fred Hutch at ASCO: HPV vaccine uptake in U.S., immunotherapy and sarcoma, financial toxicity of cancer, health care disparities and more [Fred Hutch] The conference, “Caring for Every Patient, Learning from Every Patient,” will be held May 31-June 4 in Chicago. See highlights below.
	6.1 OBSERVATION
Night shifts do not increase breast cancer risk, study concludes [The Guardian] In 2007, the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) concluded that shift work disrupting the body’s sleep-wake cycle was “probably carcinogenic”. However, the agency is due to review its findings this summer.
Night shifts do not increase breast cancer risk, major UK analysis suggests [Institute of Cancer Research] In a comprehensive new analysis, scientists at The Institute of Cancer Research, London, studied data from 102,869 women from the Breast Cancer Now Generations Study – following participants for a median of 9.5 years to identify who went on to develop breast cancer.
	6.10 POLITIQUES
UK refuses to back 'game-changing' resolution on drug pricing [The Guardian] While they stopped short of forcing a vote, the UK, Germany and Hungary have disassociated themselves from the resolution, which had already been watered down.
WHO agrees watered-down resolution on transparency in drug costs [Reuters] Activists say drug companies should be obliged to disclose how much their products actually cost to design and make. Drug companies argue that such data can be a commercial secret, and that prices should be set based on a drug’s benefit to patients.
	6.2 IMPLANTS MAMMAIRES
Allergan to recall textured breast implants in Canada [Reuters] Allergan Plc said on Tuesday it will voluntarily recall and stop the sale of its Biocell textured breast implants in Canada after the country’s health agency suspended the company’s licenses for the implants, citing increased risk of cancer.
	6.5 MÉDECINES ALTERNATIVES/COMPLÉMENTAIRES
Mao triumphant: The World Health Organization officially embraces traditional Chinese medicine quackery [Respectful Insolence] Yes, thanks to WHO, we’re “integrating” diagnoses based on magic and prescientific concepts of how the body works into the system that’s been used for decades to categorize illnesses. Yes, if there’s an afterlife, Mao is smiling. If there isn’t, his descendants and the Chinese government are, not to mention the Chinese traditional medicine industry.
	6.6 PUBLICATIONS
Rethinking impact factors: better ways to judge a journal [Nature] Here we call for the essential elements of this change: expansion of indicators to cover all functions of scholarly journals, a set of principles to govern their use and the creation of a governing body to maintain these standards and their relevance.
	6.8 COMMUNICATION
Why adding prices to TV drug ads is bad for patients [STAT] Pharma companies know patients do not pay the list price, and can use that fact to their advantage.