Onco Actu du 22 mai 2019

	2. ETIOLOGIE
More evidence welding fumes raise lung cancer risk [Reuters] For the current analysis, researchers examined data from 45 previously published studies with a total of roughly 17 million participants. Overall, people who worked as welders or had exposure to welding fumes were 43 percent more likely to develop lung cancer.
	2.5 ETIOLOGIE - GÈNES
Moving from one to many: insights from the growing list of pleiotropic cancer risk genes [British Journal of Cancer] The new era of GWAS should move away from the narrowly focused cataloguing of genotype and single-phenotype associations, and take into account comprehensive cross-trait analyses if we wish to fully realise the goals of precision medicine.
	3.1 PRÉVENTION - TABAC
Texas raises tobacco sales age to 21 to limit youth exposure and protect health [MD Anderson Cancer Center] The policy, which will go into effect on September 1, 2019, is an important step toward protecting the health of future generations and reducing the burden of tobacco use in Texas.
ASCO Supports the Tobacco-Free Youth Act [ASCO] ASCO strongly supports this strong, bipartisan bill that would raise the federal age for purchasing tobacco products, electronic cigarettes, and alternative nicotine products from 18 to 21 nationwide.
	4.10 DÉP., DIAG. & PRONO. - POUMON
Some delays in lung cancer diagnosis are avoidable [BMJ] Delays could be avoided if the NHS implemented strategies such as point of care (“finger prick”) blood testing, or initially imaging with non-contrast CT and accepting that those with lung cancer may require further contrast imaging for assessment of nodal and metastatic disease.
	5.1 TRAITEMENTS - PRÉ-CLINIQUE
Found: A Cancer Drug’s Mechanism of Action [The Scientist] As ONC201 moves through human clinical trials, scientists finally figure out that the compound and its analogs target a mitochondrial protease.
	5.10 TRAITEMENTS - ESSAIS
Tocagen's Toca 5 Pivotal Phase 3 Clinical Trial in Patients with Recurrent Brain Cancer Continues Without Modification at Planned Interim Analysis [Tocagen] The Toca 5 trial is one of the largest randomized trials conducted in patients with recurrent high grade glioma.
	5.12.2 IMMUNOTHÉRAPIES - CAR-T, THÉRAPIES CELLULAIRES
The Untold Story of the Longest Persisting CAR-T Cells in CLL [Cancer Therapy Advisor] In July 2010, 2 patients with advanced chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) received autologous CD19 chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell (CAR-T) therapy (tisagenlecleucel) at the University of Pennsylvania and their diseases went into complete remission. Now, 8 years later (and counting), both patients’ diseases remain in remission and the patients have detectable levels of CAR-T cells.
	5.12.4 IMMUNOTHÉRAPIES - ESSAIS
Rendering the Tumour Microenvironment More Sensitive to PD-1 Blockade [ESMO] In the first stage of TONIC, adaptive, non-comparative phase II trial, 67 patients with metastatic TNBC were randomised to nivolumab (1) without induction or with 2-week low-dose induction, or with (2) irradiation (3 × 8 Gy), (3) cyclophosphamide, (4) cisplatin or (5) doxorubicin, all followed by nivolumab.
	5.12.5 IMMUNOTHÉRAPIES - PHARMA
Merck's powerhouse Keytruda whiffs breast cancer trial, delaying hopes for new use [Fierce Pharma] Merck is looking to bring Keytruda into triple negative breast cancer earlier in treatment, as Baynes noted, and it’s also testing the drug alongside chemo—a tactic that’s yielded stronger results than monotherapy in some tumor types, including non-small cell lung cancer.
Merck’s Keytruda fails triple negative breast cancer pivotal study [EndPoints] The US drugmaker will continue to test Keytruda monotherapy and in combination with chemotherapy in earlier stages of the difficult-to-treat disease.
	5.16 TRAITEMENTS - CHIRURGIE
Shared Learning Awards 2019: Winning example announced [NICE] The groundbreaking model created by Pancreatic Cancer UK and University Hospital Birmingham, means patients receive surgery in 16 days rather than 65 days.
	5.17 TRAITEMENTS - RADIOTHÉRAPIE
When Cancer Spreads to Bone, A Single Dose of Radiation Therapy May Control Pain [NCI] “This is one of the most exciting studies about the value of radiotherapy treatments for bone pain to come out in the past several years,” said Stephen Lutz, M.D., a radiation oncologist at Eastern Woods Radiation Oncology in Findlay, Ohio, who was not involved in the study.
	5.2 PHARMA
Array gets a win in colorectal cancer [Biopharma Dive] The combination's remission rate of 26% fell short of early data suggesting it could be greater than 40%, disappointing some observers.
Array BioPharma's colorectal cancer combo treatment meets main goals [Reuters] The company said it expects to submit the data for marketing approval in the second half of 2019. Array’s Braftovi and Mektovi received FDA approval last year for treating a deadly form of skin cancer.
Array BioPharma Announces BRAFTOVI + MEKTOVI + Cetuximab Meet Primary Endpoints of ORR and OS in Phase 3 BEACON CRC Trial Interim Analysis for the Treatment of BRAF(V600E)-mutant Metastatic Colorectal Cancer [Array] Results from the trial showed that BRAF-mutant mCRC patients treated with the BRAFTOVI Triplet demonstrated a statistically significant improvement in ORR (26.1% vs. 1.9%, p<0.0001, per BICR) and OS (median 9.0 months vs. 5.4 months, [HR 0.52, 95% CI (0.39-0.70), p<0.0001]) compared to cetuximab plus irinotecan-containing regimens (Control).
	5.2.1 PHARMA - PARTENARIATS
Novartis, Otsuka, Pfizer, Sanofi join Verily's Project Baseline [Fierce Biotech] In addition to using Project Baseline’s evidence-generation tools to develop patient-centered clinical research programs, Verily and its pharma partners will work to increase the number and diversity of patients involved in clinical research.
Verily lures major pharmas with promise of speedier clinical research [Biopharma Dive] Pfizer, Novartis, Sanofi and Otsuka will join a project that Verily's dubbed "Baseline." Launched in 2017 with a study designed to track what it means to be healthy, Baseline has since expanded, most recently with a consortium of health systems including Duke University's and the Mayo Clinic.
Google’s life sciences sister plugs Big Pharma into the mainstream in a digital overhaul of the clinical trial business [EndPoints] Novartis, Pfizer, Sanofi and Otsuka all lined up to jump on the Project Baseline platform at the Google-related life sciences division, looking to employ the digital Goliath’s tech services in recruiting patients and organizing the mass of data coming out of the global trial system.
	5.2.2 PHARMA - FUSIONS & ACQUISITIONS
Merck boosts late-phase cancer pipeline with $1.1B Peloton buy [Fierce Biotech] Peloton is already working to generate data on PT2977 in additional contexts, including through a phase 2 that is administering the drug in combination with Exelixis’ Cabometyx. The trial is assessing the combination in treatment-naive patients and people previously treated with immunotherapies.
Merck Preempts Peloton Therapeutics IPO With $1B Acquisition Deal [Xconomy] The Peloton acquisition brings to Merck a pipeline of drugs that hit a molecular target thought to be “undruggable” with small molecules.
Merck puts $1B more into oncology, with kidney cancer a focus [Biopharma Dive] Peloton's lead candidate, PT2977, is an oral HIF-2 alpha inhibitor that has been assessed as a treatment for kidney or brain disease across several early- to mid-stage studies.
Merck to Acquire Peloton Therapeutics, Bolstering Oncology Pipeline [Merck] Acquisition Includes Novel Late-Stage Renal Cell Carcinoma Candidate, PT2977.
	6. LUTTE CONTRE LES CANCERS
Children with cancer wait an average of 6.5 years longer than adults to access new drugs [EurekAlert!] The team at Dana-Farber/Boston Children's conducted a systematic analysis of the time from first-in-human trials to first-in-child trials of agents first approved by the FDA for any oncology indication from 1997 to 2017. The investigators utilized clinical trials registry data, published literature and oncology abstracts to identify relevant trials and start dates.
Why didn't we recognise the warning signs? I wish I had an answer for my dead patient's husband [The Guardian] What was the cause of this patient’s death? The death certificate says cancer. But I can’t help thinking that a more proximal explanation was the fragmented medicine that unintentionally allowed her to deteriorate.
	6.7 DMP, BIG DATA & APPLIS
Q&A: Biden Cancer Initiative President Greg Simon Discusses Data Sharing in Precision Oncology [Genome Web] We're trying to create new incentives and new patterns, so getting people to share data should be the default, not the exception, and developing standards for diagnosis and pathology. There's not a command-and-control button where you can realign all the magnetic fields to do it differently. It's often hard to change as compared to start something from scratch.
	6.9 CONTROVERSES
When survival is a popularity contest: the heartbreak of crowdfunding healthcare [The Guardian] A growing number of Britons are turning to online fundraising for essential treatment in a desperate, ‘Dickensian’ attempt to get around NHS shortfalls. But does it work?