Onco Actu du 29 janvier 2019

	1.4 BIOLOGIE - TECHNOS
3-D printing creates more realistic tumor models [Chemical and Engineering News] A new tumor-on-a-chip better mimics the chemical environment of tumors and could help researchers understand how cancer spreads and how to stop it.
	2.6 ETIOLOGIE - ENVIRONNEMENT
U.S. judge to allow controversial evidence in Roundup cancer trials [Reuters] Plaintiffs’ lawyers contended some evidence of corporate misconduct was inextricably linked to their scientific claims. The judge appeared to agree with them, saying it was difficult to draw the line between scientific evidence and allegations of corporate misconduct, and questioned whether it would be fair for the jury to not hear about the company’s alleged attempts to influence scientists.
	3.4.1 CHIMIOPRÉVENTION - ASPIRINE
Aspirin and the treatment of cancer [The Guardian] A meta-analysis shows a 24% reduction in cancer deaths and a 19% reduction in deaths from all causes in patients taking aspirin. That is: at any time after a diagnosis of cancer, about 19% more patients taking aspirin are alive, compared with patients not taking aspirin.
	4. DÉPISTAGE, DIAGNOSTIC ET PRONOSTIC
Persistent sore throat 'can be cancer sign' [BBC News] "The significance of the study really is that we've found that hoarseness is important for laryngeal cancer, but significantly the risk of having laryngeal cancer greatly increases when it's combined with a recurrent sore throat."
	4.10 DÉP., DIAG. & PRONO. - FDA, EMA, NICE,...
Statement from FDA Commissioner Scott Gottlieb, M.D., and Jeff Shuren, M.D., Director of the Center for Devices and Radiological Health, on a record year for device innovation [FDA] Advances in material science, digital health, 3-D printing and other technologies continue to drive an unparalleled period of invention in medical devices. It’s vital that the FDA’s regulatory approach continue to evolve and modernize to safely and efficiently advance these opportunities.
	4.12 BIOPSIES LIQUIDES
Biocept Launches Liquid Biopsy Kits Intended to Broaden Use of its Proprietary Technology Platform for High Sensitivity Detection of Circulating Tumor DNA [Biocept] Target Selector™ kits are research-use-only (RUO) and designed to enable laboratories around the world to leverage Biocept's patented assay technology to perform cutting-edge liquid biopsy testing.
	5.12 IMMUNOTHÉRAPIES
Blocking pro-fibrosis signaling pathway may improve immunotherapy of metastatic breast cancer [Mass. General Hospital] Drug approved for lymphoma and multiple myeloma may reduce fibrosis and immunosuppression.
How the Body Fights Cancer and Intruders [Caltech] Determining a given T cell's target is a critical step in designing personalized treatments for cancers and developing vaccines. Now, a team of Caltech scientists has developed two new methods for rapidly determining T cell targets.
	5.12.2 IMMUNOTHÉRAPIES - CAR-T, THÉRAPIES CELLULAIRES
Stand Up To Cancer Tackles T-Cell Lymphoma with Dream Team Focused on CAR-based Strategies Launched in Honor of Meg Vosburg [AACR] CAR therapy is usually custom-built for each patient. The team is trying to find a way to develop CAR cells on an “off-the-shelf” basis so the therapy will be more available to patients and less expensive.
	5.12.5 IMMUNOTHÉRAPIES - PHARMA
Allogene Therapeutics, in Collaboration with Servier, Announces FDA Clearance of the IND for ALLO-501, an anti-CD19 Allogeneic CAR T (AlloCAR T™) Therapy [Allogene] The Phase 1 portion of the study is designed to assess the safety and tolerability at increasing dose levels of ALLO-501 in the most common NHL subtypes of relapsed/refractory diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) or follicular lymphoma (FL).
	5.12.8 IMMUNOTHÉRAPIES - ECONOMIE
NICE Issues Recommendations for Axicabtagene Ciloleucel for Treatment of Relapsed or Refractory Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma and Primary Mediastinal Large B-Cell Lymphoma [ESMO] Evidence from a small, single-arm study suggests that patients having axicabtagene ciloleucel have clinically meaningful overall and progression-free survival and good response rates. However, the evidence is uncertain because there is limited follow‑up and no direct data comparing axicabtagene ciloleucel with salvage chemotherapy.
	5.2 PHARMA
Innate Pharma receives FDA fast track designation for IPH4102 in relapsed or refractory Sézary syndrome [Innate Pharma] TELLOMAK, a global, multi-cohort, Phase II study evaluating the potential of IPH4102 in different subtypes of T-cell lymphomas, will be initiated in the first half of 2019 .
Zai Lab nabs speedy China regulatory review for PARP drug Zejula [EndPoints] Chinese officials have been ramping up speedy drug approvals, looking to advantage companies like Zai Lab, homegrown outfits that have been snapping up late-stage and commercial products looking to build quick commercial portfolios.
	5.2.3 PHARMA - ÉCONOMIE
Amgen adds bone drug Xgeva to pharma's cancer-related lineup on TV [Fierce Pharma] The Xgeva (denosumab) ad comes amid a pharma move into higher-profile oncology advertising. Immuno-oncology stars Opdivo, from Bristol-Myers Squibb, and Keytruda, from Merck & Co., are among the drugs that have been featured in TV spots as the pharma business increases its reliance on cancer drugs for revenue growth.
The next 5 years: Higher R&D productivity is here to stay, emerging biotechs and new tech will have a big impact. But what about pricing? [EndPoints] As for pharma, the big companies will prefer to do more partnering rather than shoulder all of the commercial risk themselves. In the near future, the emphasis at the giants will be on clarity and solid, reliable numbers, and that means less likelihood of making extravagant bets on new drugs.
	5.3.4 TRAITEMENTS - AMM (FDA, EMA,...)
Johnson & Johnson, AbbVie shore up Imbruvica's CLL lead with Gazyva combo win [Fierce Pharma] Regulators based their decision on data from the phase 3 Illuminate study, which showed that the Imbruvica-Gazyva combo could slash the risk of disease progression or death by 77% compared with Gazyva and chlorambucil.
With 10th FDA OK, Imbruvica further expands in CLL [Biopharma Dive] Imbruvica was already approved in first-line CLL and SLL, both as monotherapy and together with chemotherapy and Rituxan. This label extension, though, is expected to fuel further sales growth of multi-billion dollar therapy.
Imbruvica regimen wins FDA approval as first non-chemotherapy treatment for untreated patients with common form of leukemia [EndPoints] The approval expands the use of Imbruvica — which is also sold by AbbVie — in frontline CLL/SLL beyond its use as a monotherapy. The drug itself generated sales of about $2.6 billion last year.
	5.4 TRAITEMENTS - ECONOMIE
Health Affairs study misses the mark on medicine costs [PhRMA] A recent study published in Health Affairs concludes that list price inflation for existing brand medicines is a key driver of rising medicine spending. However, by failing to account for the substantial rebates and discounts that payers negotiate for many brand medicines, this study dramatically overestimates the role of list price increases.
	6.1 OBSERVATION
African American Men More Likely to Die from Low-Grade Prostate Cancer [NCI] This body of evidence, Dr. Huang added, supports the idea that certain biological factors may make low-grade prostate cancer more likely to grow and spread in African American men than in men of other races.
	6.10 POLITIQUES
The impact of Brexit on the regulatory and marketing landscape [RAPS] While Brexit is certain to impact the development, manufacture and sale of drugs, the ongoing lack of clarity on the future relationship between the UK and EU makes gauging the precise impact very difficult. The following predictions for 2019 are based on those certainties that are available at the time of going to press.
	6.5 MÉDECINES ALTERNATIVES/COMPLÉMENTAIRES
Drs. Alberto Garcia and Alberto Siller’s Clínica 0-19: A mother’s story [Respectful Insolence] This account is difficult to read. It tears me up to note how concerned this mother is with not taking away hope from other parents of children with DIPG or other brain tumors traveling to Monterrey to be treated by Drs. Garcia and Siller, of not upsetting them.
	6.7.1 IA/BIOINFORMATIQUE
The robot needs a human heart—why AI in medicine brings moral choices into focus [BMJ] Although the hype around AI suggests it is a panacea for improving healthcare, equal focus now needs to be placed on the inherent challenges to humanity as well as the challenges in computing. Social scientists need to be let back into the room, sharing a table with computer scientists, healthcare professionals, politicians and, importantly, patients.
	6.8 COMMUNICATION
Fighting misinformation on social media using crowdsourced judgments of news source quality [PNAS] These results indicate that incorporating the trust ratings of laypeople into social media ranking algorithms may prove an effective intervention against misinformation, fake news, and news content with heavy political bias.