Onco Actu du 7 novembre 2018

	1. Biologie
Fishing for new leads in a rare melanoma [Boston Children's Hospital] Zebrafish that also had SPRED1 deletions had more severe melanomas, indicating that SPRED1 is a previously unrecognized tumor suppressor. Loss of SPRED1 was especially damaging in fish with KIT mutations: their melanomas were even more severe.
	4.12 Biopsies liquides
Fishing for tumour DNA in the liquid bathing the brain [Cancer Research UK] The current technique can only pick up tumour DNA if the tumour contacts the fluid surrounding the brain. The signal is all or nothing and potentially explains why tumour DNA was only detected in 5 out of 13 patients.
	4.9 Dép., diag. & prono. - Sein
Social media scheme boosts breast cancer screening uptake [PharmaTimes] NHS Digital said the move empowered women to make appointments and also allowed them to communicate quickly and easily with health practitioners to ask questions about the screening process.
	5.12 Immunothérapies
Single-cell analysis reveals how melanoma cells resist immunotherapy [Dana-Farber Cancer Institute] In a mouse model of extremely immunotherapy-resistant melanoma — which expressed the newly discovered resistance program at high levels — the CDK4/6 inhibitors dramatically improved responses to immunotherapy, and the combination approach significantly slowed or eradicated tumors in roughly half the mice.
	5.12.10 Immunothérapies - Fusions et acquisitions
Are more immuno-oncology buyouts on the menu at Eli Lilly’s executive suite? [EndPoints] “The Armo deal that we did earlier this year, we’ll look to do more of those,” said the CFO.
	5.12.2 Immunothérapies - CAR-T, thérapies cellulaires
Study uncovers key parts of mechanism for activating T cells to fight cancer and other diseases [Dana-Farber Cancer Institute] The finding suggests that small-molecule drugs or genetic engineering approaches that widen or narrow the space between the transmembrane segment and CD3 could be used to tune the strength of T-cell attack on cancers or other non-malignant diseases, as needed for individual patients, the researchers say.
	5.12.5 Immunothérapies - Pharma
OncoSec’s defense of weak preliminary Tavo data for PD-1 resistant melanoma can’t stop a rout [EndPoints] Researchers are reporting results for only 9 patients with metastatic melanoma at 12 weeks, and came out in a defensive posture for the 2 partial responses they tracked at that stage in KEYNOTE-695.
	5.2.1 Pharma - Partenariats
Janssen taps South Korea’s Yuhan for Tagrisso rival [FierceBiotech] Lazertinib is however a long way behind Tagrisso (osimertinib), AstraZeneca’s fast-growing rival in the third-generation category, which has already become established as a second-line treatment for EGFR-mutated NSCLC and this year has claimed its first approvals as a first-line option.
	5.3 Traitements - FDA, EMA, NICE...
Meta-Analyses of Randomized Controlled Clinical Trials to Evaluate the Safety of Human Drugs or Biological Products Guidance for Industry [FDA] Specifically, this guidance describes the factors FDA intends to consider when evaluating the strength of evidence provided by a meta-analysis studying the safety of drugs.
Meta-Analyses of Randomized Trials: FDA Offers Draft Guidance [RAPS] The draft says meta-analyses are most useful in detecting and quantifying an increased risk over the background rate of a safety event. And with aggregating data, a sponsor may be able to provide a higher statistical power and more robust estimate than may be possible with an individual study.
	5.3.4 Traitements - AMM (FDA, EMA,...)
U.S. Food and Drug Administration Approves Empliciti® (elotuzumab) Plus Pomalidomide and Dexamethasone, a New Immunotherapy Combination for Certain Patients with Relapsed or Refractory Multiple Myeloma [BMS] In the ELOQUENT-3 trial, treatment with Empliciti plus pomalidomide and dexamethasone (EPd) doubled median progression-free survival and overall response rate versus pomalidomide and dexamethasone.
	6.1 Observation
Linking a lie-in to breast cancer misreads the science [The Guardian] Encouraging women to adjust their sleeping patterns – as some headlines trumpeted – is misleading. First, the study didn’t look at women’s actual sleeping patterns. Although participants were asked if they considered themselves to be “morning” or “evening” people, their actual behaviour, such as when they got up and when they went to bed, wasn’t recorded.
The Key to a Long Life Has Little to Do With ‘Good Genes’ [Wired] Alphabet's longevity lab Calico trawled through Ancestry's massive genealogy database to study human longevity—and found that DNA matters less than people have long believed.
Life span has little to do with genes, analysis of large ancestry database shows [STAT] An analysis of 54 million of the website’s public family trees finds that the heritability of life span, a hot research topic for decades, is considerably less than widely thought. Scientists reported on Tuesday that genes accounted for well under 7 percent of people’s life span, versus the 20 to 30 percent of most previous estimates.
	6.7 DMP, Big Data & applis
Consumers may not like health data sharing, but pharma sure does [FiercePharma] When a recent media report detailed how Clorox used data derived from smart thermometers to send targeted digital ads, consumers and critics were aghast. People were dismayed that personal health data like temperature—in this case, aggregate de-identified information by zip codes—would be used for advertising.
	6.7.2 Applis
FDA’s MyStudies Application (App) [FDA] The FDA MyStudies App is designed to facilitate the input of real world data directly by patients which can be linked to electronic health data supporting traditional clinical trials, pragmatic trials, observational studies and registries.