Onco Actu du 9 octobre 2018

	2.6 Etiologie - Environnement
Australian Cancer Council calls for review of ‘Round-up’ — Expert Reaction [Science Media Centre] “Since the last Australian review, glyphosate has been reviewed by a number of other jurisdictions, with mixed findings. I conclude that, if glyphosate is a carcinogen, it’s a pretty weak one. so its impacts are hard to distinguish from those of other factors that might lead to cancer. APVMA would be wise to conduct a review, reminding us of those overseas findings, reviewing the most recent literature, and evaluating the risks to Australian users, consumers and wildlife.”
	3.3 Prévention - Vaccins
With nod in older adults, Merck drives HPV shot Gardasil 9 into big new market [FiercePharma] The new nod is expected to pad growth by revving up U.S. sales at a time when the Gardasil franchise has been leaning on China and Europe for its burgeoning numbers.
	4.10 Dép., diag. & prono. - Poumon
More Frequent Post-Treatment Surveillance for Patients with Lung Cancer is Not Associated with Improved Overall Survival [American College of Surgeons] Study results were not surprising to the researchers, who hypothesized that surveillance intensity was not associated with survival. However, Dr. Kozower said the results would probably surprise the majority of patients undergoing lung cancer surveillance, as well as some physicians.
	4.12 Biopsies liquides
Novel technology enables detection of early-stage lung cancer when surgical cure still is possible [EurekAlert!] New platform tests blood or saliva of early-stage lung cancer patients to identify two cancer-linked mutations, reports The Journal of Molecular Diagnostics.
	4.2 Dép., diag. & prono. - Génome
The clinical code-breakers [Nature] And unlike hereditary disorders, in which mutations are present throughout the body, tumours can be highly heterogeneous, with cancerous and healthy cells intermixed, and extensive genetic variation even within a tumour. This means that more sequencing reads must be obtained for a given region to confirm that a variant is real, and that bumps up the cost.
	5. Traitements
Studying Drug Safety in the Real World [JAMA Internal Medicine] For these reasons and others, real-world outcomes with a drug may not mirror those of the randomized clinical trials that brought it to market. If you want to know what a drug actually does in the real world, you need to study it in the real world. That, however, is easier said than done.
	5.1 Traitements - Pré-clinique
New research findings could give pediatric brain tumors a one-two punch [Stanford Medicine] In mice implanted with human medulloblastoma tumors, the researchers were able to slow the progress of the tumors by giving an antibody that sticks to Notch 1 and blocks its ability to respond to other signals.
New approach explored to treat childhood leukemia [UW Medicine] Horwitz and his team found that PAX2, which is normally activated by salt levels in the kidney, can similarly be switched on by adjusting salt concentrations for leukemia cells, a revelation that is leading to a new line of inquiry into the physiology of B-Cells and perhaps, new clues about how ALL begins and how it can be stopped.
Hypoxia compound disrupts cancer cell metabolism [Crick Institute] The team discovered that MCT2 transports a derivative of DMOG inside cancer cells, where it disrupts multiple enzymes in glutamine metabolism – an essential amino acid for cancer cell survival. The findings, published in Nature Chemical Biology suggest that MCT2 expression could be used to predict which cancers are likely to respond to DMOG, or similar compounds.
	5.12.1 Immunothérapies - partenariats
GlaxoSmithKline helps immunometabolism startup Sitryx to $30M round [FierceBiotech] Sitryx is built upon research into the role metabolic pathways play in the function of immune cells and, by extension, the development of cancers and autoimmune diseases. By designing drugs that act on these pathways, Sitryx and its transatlantic syndicate of founding scientists think they can correct immune cell function and stop tumor growth.
GSK hands cash and tech to a biotech startup pointed down the same R&D road they want to travel [EndPoints] “Immunology is at the heart of GSK’s new approach to R&D,” noted John Lepore, senior vice president research, GSK. “Through our Immunology Network, we believe the emerging field of immunometabolism that Sitryx is focusing on has the potential to bring new therapeutic opportunities to patients for a broad range of diseases including cancer."
	5.2 Pharma
Cancer drug rivals at Loxo and Blueprint go toe-to-toe once again, and one analyst scores a (possible) win on points [EndPoints] Loxo Oncology and Blueprint Medicines have been duking it out with their early-stage studies on their RET inhibitors, and they were both back at it with updates for mutant medullary thyroid cancer at the American Thyroid Association meeting over the weekend.
	5.6 ESMO
Cabozantinib to Be Featured in 13 Presentations at ESMO 2018 Congress [Exelixis] Presentations to include results from the dose escalation stage of phase 1b COSMIC-021 study of cabozantinib in combination with atezolizumab in previously untreated advanced renal cell carcinoma.
Roche to present new positive data from its broad cancer immunotherapy programme and across a wide range of cancers at the European Society for Medical Oncology (ESMO) 2018 Congress [Roche] These data include positive Phase III results from Roche’s cancer immunotherapy development programme across multiple tumour types, positive Alecensa® (alectinib) data from the Phase III ALESIA study and new pivotal data for entrectinib, a tumour-agnostic investigational medicine that targets NTRK gene fusion-positive solid tumours.
Lilly to Present New Data From Oncology Portfolio at ESMO 2018 Congress, Showcasing Patient-Centric Advances in Cancer Care [Lilly] Data include presentations on abemaciclib, pemetrexed and ramucirumab, as well as investigational compound pegilodecakin – used as a single agent and in combination with chemotherapy and with checkpoint inhibitor therapy – across multiple tumor types.
Bayer to showcase latest oncology research at ESMO 2018 Congress [Bayer] Research presented includes expanded pivotal trial data set on larotrectinib in development for TRK fusion cancer across multiple tumor types in adult and pediatric patients.
Targeted drugs for advanced cancer move from specialist units to community setting [ESMO 2018 Press Release] This achievement, to be reported at the ESMO 2018 Congress in Munich, shows that cutting-edge precision medicine is spreading from highly specialist cancer units to other healthcare facilities so more patients can benefit, wherever they are treated.
	5.6.9 ESMO - Col de l'utérus
Genmab and Seattle Genetics Announce Tisotumab Vedotin Data to be Presented at ESMO 2018 Congress [Genmab] Data presented from updated analysis of full innovaTV 201 expansion cohort in recurrent or metastatic cervical cancer.
	6. Lutte contre les cancers
Last Month in Oncology with Dr. Bishal Gyawali: September 2018 [ecancerNews] Long list of news in lung cancer Breast cancer treatment: Still stuck on bevacizumab? Undertreatment-overtreatment paradox
Accelerating progress in radiation research: developing a national network in radiobiology and radiation oncology – Cancer Research UK RadNet [Cancer Research UK] The Centres of Excellence will grow our core investment in radiation research, supporting discovery and translational research across key scientific and clinical themes. Our vision is that institutions will build on local research strengths, come together to form a national network that delivers research across a broad range of themes and demonstrate a clear ambition to improve patient outcomes.
	6.1 Observation
Cancer death disparities linked to poverty, lifestyle factors nationwide [Yale News] The research team confirmed that there are significant county-level disparities in cancer deaths, ranging from 186 deaths per 100,000 persons in high-income counties to 230 deaths per 100,000 persons in low-income counties.
Cancer disparities: It’s money that matters (along with a lot of other things) [Respectful Insolence] There are biological differences among populations, socioeconomic differences, differences in environmental exposures, differences in health behaviors, differences in so many things, that it’s hard to tell how much of which disparity is likely to be caused or mediated by what factor. Thus designing and implementing strategies to reduce these disparities are among the most difficult challenges cancer professionals face.
	6.5 Médecines alternatives/complémentaires
Surprise! Surprise! JACM publishes a whole issue devoted to “integrative oncology” propaganda [Respectful Insolence] So in the state of Washington we have breast cancer patients paying up to $6,200 a year for snake oil, fairy dust, and quackery, all under the imprimatur of the state’s licensing board and its apparent law mandating insurance coverage for naturopaths. Of course, it would help a lot more if there were actual…oh, you know…evidence of efficacy.