Onco Actu du 8 octobre 2018

	2.6 Etiologie - Environnement
Stop worrying and trust the evidence: it’s very unlikely Roundup causes cancer [The Conversation] The key differences between the IARC’s and other reports revolve around the breadth of evidence considered, the weight of human studies, consideration of physiological plausibility and, most importantly, risk assessment. The IARC did not take into account the extent of exposure to glyphosate to establish its association with cancer, while the others did.
	3.1.1 Prévention - Tabac - e-cigs
Vaping Pods Produce High Nicotine Levels in Young Users [NCI] “Early addiction has been linked to the continued use of nicotine-containing products, so it may be a lifetime problem if they start during adolescence,” Dr. Grana said. The potential for these products to deliver high doses of nicotine is another concern for this age group, she added.
	3.3 Prévention - Vaccins
FDA expands use of an HPV vaccine up to age 45 [STAT] Merck said the list price for Gardasil 9 is $205 per dose. Two doses are needed for those vaccinated before 15, while three are recommended for older people.
FDA approves HPV vaccine for people up to 45 [Washington Post] Expanded vaccination age could boost efforts against HPV-caused cancers.
HPV Vaccine Expanded for People Ages 27 to 45 [NY Times] “It’s a prevention vaccine. The best time to get it is before you turn 13 and have any intimate activity at all. But, that said, it protects against nine types of HPV, so if you have one of the types, you still can be protected from other HPV types.”
FDA approves expanded use of Gardasil 9 to include individuals 27 through 45 years old [FDA] Effectiveness of Gardasil 9 in men 27 through 45 years of age is inferred from the data described above in women 27 through 45 years of age, as well as efficacy data from Gardasil in younger men (16 through 26 years of age) and immunogenicity data from a clinical trial in which 150 men, 27 through 45 years of age, received a 3-dose regimen of Gardasil over 6 months.
	4.7 Dép., diag. & prono. - Col de l'utérus
Delays to HPV screening cost £3 million and miss 48 cervical cancer cases every month [Queen Mary University of London] A one-year delay in introducing human papillomavirus (HPV) testing as the main test in cervical screening would miss the opportunity to prevent 581 cases of cervical cancer in England at an estimated value of £32 million in lost quality of life.
	5. Traitements
Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Toxicity in 2018 [JAMA] This JAMA Insights reviews the clinical presentation and management of the most common and severe ICI toxicities that nononcologists are likely to encounter.
	5.10 Traitements - Essais
Mitigating the problem of outcome reporting bias [BMJ] The poor reporting of clinical studies indicates a collective failure of authors, peer reviewers, and editors on a massive scale. But this omission may not always be made with intent. Researchers may not know what information to include in a report of research, and editors may not know what information should be included.
	5.12 Immunothérapies
Immunotherapy effective against hereditary melanoma [Karolinska Institutet] In a new study, researchers at Karolinska Institutet and elsewhere have examined how effective immunological checkpoint therapy is for individuals with inherited CDKN2A mutation and metastatic melanoma. The results were compared with previous large-scale studies in which melanoma patients were treated with immunotherapy.
How Scientists Are Treating Breast Cancer Using the Immune System [TIME] The key is not using standard cycles of chemo or radiation, but tweaking the treatments so they are just right for activating an immune response. Too much chemo or radiation suppresses the immune system, but just enough can act like a stimulant to activate it.
	5.12.3 Immunothérapies-combinaisons
DDF 2018: How do you fix the glut of immunotherapy combo trials? [FierceBiotech] “I would much rather see 1,000 combination animal studies in 50,000 mice, than 1,000 clinical trials in 52,000 projected patients—it’s impossible to enroll those trials. I'm not sure what we're trying to do there.”
	5.12.8 Immunothérapies - Economie
‘Cutting edge’ CAR T cell immunotherapy approved in England. But is the NHS ready? [Cancer Research UK] The NHS can rightly be proud that a small number of patients in England will be the first in Europe to have routine access to this highly complex technology. But the challenges presented by exciting new treatments like CAR T won’t go away. Today’s good news should be just the start, not the end, of the NHS’s preparations for this shift.
The NHS is revolutionising cancer treatment. Let’s back its mission [The Guardian] The intricate manufacturing process can only currently be carried out by a handful of labs worldwide, meaning that, in practice, UK patients’ cells must make a long, sterile journey to a faraway lab and back. This centralisation also means the numbers who can be treated is limited, and the prospect of an “off-the-shelf” version is a long way off.
NHS England strikes deal for ground breaking cancer treatment in a new European first [NHS England] Up to 200 patients a year will receive the treatment after NHS England negotiated a confidential deal with the manufacturer Gilead Sciences.
NHS England to fund engineered cell therapy for adults with aggressive lymphoma [Cancer Research UK] The treatment usually costs nearly £300,000 per patient, but NHS England has reached a confidential discount deal with Yescarta’s manufacturer, Gilead Sciences. It will be made available via the Cancer Drugs Fund, which was redesigned in 2016 to speed up access to promising new cancer treatments.
	5.3.4 Traitements - AMM (FDA, EMA,...)
Three New Cancer Treatments Approved by the FDA [Cancer Research Catalyst] Last week saw a flurry of new anticancer therapeutics approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for treating several types of cancer.
	5.4 Traitements - Economie
Gemtuzumab ozogamicin for untreated acute myeloid leukaemia [NICE] Gemtuzumab ozogamicin, with daunorubicin and cytarabine, is recommended as an option for untreated CD33-positive acute myeloid leukaemia (AML), except acute promyelocytic leukaemia, in people 15 years and over, only if [...]
	6.1 Observation
ASCO Statement on JAMA Study on Cancer Disparities in the U.S. [ASCO] All patients deserve access to high quality care, but where they live often dictates their chances of surviving cancer. Simply put, this is unacceptable.
	6.12 Ethique
Industry has too much influence in medicine. It’s time to end that. [Washington Post] Radiation therapy exemplifies a century-long history of medical-industrial alliance, which built new technologies and the radiation therapy specialty itself (renamed radiation oncology by midcentury).
Paul D Thacker: Time to act on industry influence over medicine and lay zombie arguments to rest [BMJ] My Senate colleagues and I were aware that the passing of the Sunshine Act was not going to fix everything in medicine—the problems were too entrenched. Yet going forward, there are three potential solutions to fix ongoing problems with financial influence that should be considered.
	6.6 Publications
Introducing GRANTOMICS: Our enhanced search engine and analysis tool for grant information associated with publications on genomics and population health impact. [CDC] The information made available through GRANTOMICS enables potential grant applicants or funding agencies to identify gaps in knowledge for genomic translational research, and enables researchers to identify potential collaborators.
Major publishers sue ResearchGate over copyright infringement [Nature] Elsevier and the American Chemical Society (ACS) say that the ResearchGate website violates US copyright law by making articles in their journals freely available.