Onco Actu du 17 octobre 2018

	4.12 Biopsies liquides
New blood test could spare cancer patients from needless chemotherapy after surgery [The Conversation] More than 400 patients have already joined in the trials but there is hope this will grow to more than 2,000. The trials are expected to run until 2021 for bowel cancer and 2019 for ovarian cancer.
	4.2 Dép., diag. & prono. - Génome
The Results of Your Genetic Test Are Reassuring. But That Can Change. [NY Times] Laboratories frequently “reclassify” genetic mutations. But there is no reliable system for telling patients or doctors that the results of their genetic tests are no longer valid.
Distinguishing Variant Pathogenicity From Genetic Diagnosis [JAMA] How to Know Whether a Variant Causes a Condition.
	5.1 Traitements - Pré-clinique
New study discovers inhibitors of protein linked to the devastating childhood brain cancer DIPG [Institute of Cancer Research] Our research follows on from important work at the ICR which identified the protein ALK2 as a potential target for new treatments of the brain cancer DIPG, for which there are currently no effective drugs. "We discovered a series of inhibitors compound that block ALK2 through two different binding modes. Both modes can potently bind and inhibit ALK2.
CDER Scientists Investigate Critical Cellular Functions That Can Be Targeted to Kill Cancer Cells [FDA] CDER scientists want to understand mitophagy in cancer cells and determine how the removal of damaged mitochondria by mitophagy contributes to drug resistance during chemotherapy.
	5.12 Immunothérapies
Replacing Antibodies With Small Molecules [In the Pipeline] Hundreds of clinical trials are underway against various tumor types and in various combinations, in the effort to see how far the immuno-oncology idea can reach. But do the drugs have to be antibodies? Is there room for small-molecule compounds in this space?
	5.2.1 Pharma - Partenariats
Six years after a spectacular debut, Warp Drive Bio is powering down and handing its ‘undruggable’ ambitions over to Revolution [EndPoints] The big Sanofi collaborations that were heralded in antibiotics and oncology? Those ended in 2017 and 2016, says Reid. And the lights went out on those partnerships without any of the rah-rah that attended their arrival.
	5.2.3 Pharma - économie
Johnson & Johnson edges past profit estimates, lifts outlook [Reuters] Sales of prostate cancer drug Zytiga surged ahead of analysts’ estimates and raked in $958 million in the quarter, compared with the consensus estimate of $795 million, according to Barclays.
	5.3 Traitements - FDA, EMA, NICE...
EU authorities take further action in ongoing review of sartans: Zheijiang Huahai placed under increased supervision; Aurobindo Pharma stopped from supplying irbesartan to the EU Share [EMA] Both NDMA and NDEA, which have not been found in any of Zheijiang Huahai’s other products, are classified as probable human carcinogens (substances that could cause cancers). A preliminary risk assessment for NDMA in valsartan indicated that the lifetime risk of cancer is low.
EU expands look at Zhejiang Huahai as impurities show up in other 'sartans' [FiercePharma] EU authorities extended their look into candesartan, irbesartan, losartan and olmesartan after discovering an impurity in the losartan made by Hetero Labs but didn't say where it originated. While the two impurities have so far been found only in Huahai’s valsartan API, the EU said it is going back to take a closer look at the Chinese maker's other APIs.
	5.3.4 Traitements - AMM (FDA, EMA,...)
FDA approves talazoparib for gBRCAm HER2-negative locally advanced or metastatic breast cancer [FDA] The primary efficacy outcome was progression-free survival (PFS) according to Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST) 1.1, as assessed by blinded independent central review. Estimated median PFS was 8.6 and 5.6 months in the talazoparib and chemotherapy arms, respectively (HR 0.54; 95% CI: 0.41, 0.71; p<0.0001).
FDA approves Pfizer's drug for advanced breast cancer [Reuters] Talazoparib, a once-daily pill that Pfizer acquired with its $14 billion purchase of Medivation in 2016, is indicated for breast cancer triggered by mutation of BRCA genes, which accounts for 25-30 percent of hereditary breast cancers and 5-10 percent of all breast cancers.
	5.4 Traitements - Economie
Guest column: The real cost of drug development [EndPoints] A recent study in Endpoints reported that the mean pivotal trial cost was $19 million for a drug approval. Without giving away the punchline, sadly, this is somewhat akin to claiming the real cost of driving your car is the cost to fill the gas tank. Or the cost of raising kids is just the food they eat and clothes they wear. In all three cases, nothing could be further from the truth.
	6.11 Patients
The New Age of Patient Autonomy [JAMA] Today, some patients arrive at the physician’s office having thoroughly researched their symptoms and identified possible diagnoses. Indeed, some patients who have lived with rare diseases may even know more about their conditions than some of the physicians with whom they consult.
	6.7.1 IA/bioinformatique
M.I.T. Plans College for Artificial Intelligence, Backed by $1 Billion [NY Times] The goal of the college, said L. Rafael Reif, the president of M.I.T., is to “educate the bilinguals of the future.” He defines bilinguals as people in fields like biology, chemistry, politics, history and linguistics who are also skilled in the techniques of modern computing that can be applied to them.