Onco Actu du 15 octobre 2018

	1. Biologie
Study signals a limit to cancer’s complexity [Harvard Gazette] “Most cancer studies analyze the primary tumor,” Reiter said. “There are not many cases where we have genetic information from the primary tumor and several metastases and moreover in patients that have not been treated with chemotherapy. Such treatment could induce many additional mutations.”
Biology Week 2018: the scientists studying what makes cancer tick [Institute of Cancer Research] "We are strengthening our expertise in proteomics and bioinformatics. Those enabling technologies allow for an important synergy between basic biology and other areas of cancer research, such as drug discovery, and will form an important part of the future of the ICR.”
	3.1 Prévention - Tabac
Report: No Surge in Illicit Cigarette Seizures after Menthol Ban [ACS] Contrary to the tobacco industry’s assertions, there was no surge in illicit cigarettes after a 2015 ban on menthol cigarette sales in the Canadian province of Nova Scotia.
	3.1.1 Prévention - Tabac - e-cigs
FDA investigating whether dozens of e-cigarette products are being illegally marketed [Washington Post] The agency seeks information from 21 companies as part of its effort to curb underage vaping.
FDA advances investigation into whether more than 40 e-cigarette products are being illegally marketed and outside agency's compliance policy [FDA] Agency seeks more information from companies as it continues to pursue its Youth Tobacco Prevention Plan amid evidence of sharply rising e-cigarette use among kids.
	4.1 Dép., diag. & prono. - Prostate
How celebrities like Stephen Fry advocating prostate cancer testing could do more harm than good [Independent] It shows how our media’s obsession with eye-catching personal testimony, rather than empirical data, leads us astray. It’s also an example of the foolishness of looking to uninformed celebrities for health advice.
	4.12 Biopsies liquides
Blood Test Identifies More Treatable Cancer Mutations Than Tissue Biopsy Alone [Penn Medicine] “Solid tissue biopsy is still essential for accurate diagnosis, but we’ve now shown liquid biopsy can add value when it’s used additionally, and also that it can serve as a viable alternative when solid biopsies aren’t feasible,” Carpenter said. “Given how rapidly targeted therapies are evolving, this is something that should be routinely incorporated into standard of care.”
	4.2 Dép., diag. & prono. - Génome
Researchers find a ‘critical need’ for whole genome sequencing of young cancer patients [St. Jude Children's Research Hospital] The pilot study included 78 children and adolescents with a wide variety of cancers who were treated at St. Jude and had undergone extensive diagnostic testing. The research laid the foundation for the clinical genomic testing now offered to every new St. Jude cancer patient. The effort included developing a clinical pipeline for analyzing, validating and identifying clinically significant results in a timely manner.
Roche launches NGS AVENIO Tumor Tissue Analysis Kits for oncology research [Roche] The kits, which detect all four mutation classes in solid tumours, complement Roche’s NGS ctDNA kits for oncology research.
	4.9 Dép., diag. & prono. - Sein
Can Artificial Intelligence Help Reduce False-positive Mammograms? [Cancer Research Catalyst] “Based on the consistent ability of our algorithm to discriminate all categories of mammography images, our findings indicate that there are indeed some distinguishing features/characteristics unique to images that are unnecessarily recalled,” Wu noted.
Thermography is Not Approved for Breast Cancer Screening in Canada [Science-Based Medicine] Breast cancer thermography is being promoted across Canada as a reliable and effective way of identifying breast tumors. There is no evidence thermography is actually capable of doing so.
	5.12.4 Immunothérapies - Essais
Bristol Stumbles in Lung Cancer Again as Rivals Play Catch-Up [Xconomy] The study was “intended to be confirmatory,” wrote Evercore ISI analyst Umer Raffat. “There is no denying that this is a disappointing outcome.”
Bristol-Myers stumbles in lung cancer quest as I-O star Opdivo flunks small cell trial [FiercePharma] Still, Opdivo has posted significant sales growth; in the second quarter, sales leapt by 36% to $1.63 billion. It's also awaiting a new FDA approval for Opdivo-plus-Yervoy in patients newly diagnosed with NSCLC with a high tumor mutational burden, a new biomarker BMS is touting as key for cancer treatment.
Bristol-Myers concedes a PhIII lung cancer flop for Opdivo as competition heats up in SCLC [EndPoints] We don’t know yet just what the data are, just that the readout doesn’t measure up to a win. And the setback comes just months after Roche’s combo using Tecentriq and chemo won out on first-line cases of SCLC, a tough field that accounts for about 15% of the overall lung cancer market.
Bristol-Myers' Opdivo fails to meet lung cancer study goal [Reuters] The drug’s failure to meets its main goal in the study comes nearly two months after the U.S. Food and Drug Administration approved the drug to treat patients whose lung cancer had progressed despite undergoing two previous therapies.
Bristol-Myers Squibb Announces Phase 3 CheckMate -331 Study Does Not Meet Primary Endpoint of Overall Survival with Opdivo Versus Chemotherapy in Patients with Previously Treated Relapsed Small Cell Lung Cancer [BMS] The study did not meet its primary endpoint of overall survival (OS) with Opdivo versus chemotherapy. The safety profile of Opdivo in this trial was consistent with that observed in previously reported monotherapy studies involving patients with SCLC.
	5.2 Pharma
Roche’s Kadcyla reduced the risk of disease recurring in people with HER2-positive early breast cancer with residual disease after neoadjuvant treatment [Roche] Full results will be submitted to health authorities around the world, and will be presented at the 2018 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium on Wednesday 5 December.
	5.3 Traitements - FDA, EMA, NICE...
MHRA Offers Guidance for Trials in Event of ‘No-Deal’ Brexit [RAPS] “Clinical Trials that use IMPs which come from or via the EU/EEA will need to ensure appropriate arrangements to assure supplies in the event of any possible border delays that may arise in the short term in the unlikely event of a no-deal Exit,” the guidance says. The regulator also advises companies to start making contingency arrangements to provide assurances for the trials and participants.