Onco Actu du 11 octobre 2018

	2. Etiologie
Bug That Causes Stomach Cancer Could Play a Role in Colorectal Cancer [Duke] H. pylori infection is associated with colorectal cancer risk, especially in African-Americans.
	3.1 Prévention - Tabac
Comprehensive Report Says Tobacco Control Must Be Highest Priority in Cancer Control [ACS] The second article in the series focuses on existing evidence about established, modifiable risk factors for cancer, the cancer burden in the United States due to each risk factor, and established primary prevention recommendations and interventions to reduce exposure to each risk factor.
	3.3 Prévention - Vaccins
Schoolgirls to be vaccinated against HPV, in Hong Kong’s fight against cervical cancer [South China Morning Post] City leader Carrie Lam announces immunisation programme, as well as ban on e-cigarettes and other health policies.
	4.10 Dép., diag. & prono. - Poumon
San Antonio’s BioAffinity Signs Licensing Deal for Cancer Diagnostic [Xconomy] The diagnostic would be used after a patient has already received a positive result for lung cancer from low dose computed tomography (LDCT) screening, bioAffinity says. LDCT screenings have a high rate of false positive results, which can lead to anything from expensive scans to invasive procedures such as a lung biopsy.
Lung cancer: diagnosis and management (update) [NICE] The 2019 update makes recommendations on mediastinal lymph node assessment, brain imaging, prophylactic cranial irradiation, radical radiotherapy and combination therapy.
	4.2 Dép., diag. & prono. - Génome
So Much Genetic Testing. So Few People to Explain It to You [Wired] Personal genomics is booming, but there's a nationwide shortage of genetic counselors who can make sense of that DNA data.
The approach to predictive medicine that is taking genomics research by storm [Nature] Polygenic risk scores represent a giant leap for gene-based diagnostic tests. Here’s why they’re still so controversial.
	5. Traitements
New therapies could treat tissue swelling that afflicts cancer surgery patients and others [Science] All three lymphedema approaches face significant hurdles. Even if a treatment does improve a patient's lymph flow, for instance, "the skin will still be fibrous and elephantlike, and the fat is still there" says physiologist Joseph Rutkowski. Flushing the excess lymph may eventually reverse fibrosis and fat accumulation, he says, but "we haven't had the means" to test it. Another issue is whether any successful treatment will be affordable for the millions of lymphedema patients in developing countries.
	5.1 Traitements - Pré-clinique
CDK Inhibitors: Purchase With Caution [In the Pipeline] NU6140 is sold cheerfully by many vendors as a CDK2 inhibitor, but this work shows that it’s more properly described as an Aurora kinase inhibitor, which will make your CDK2-based conclusions hard to stand by.
	5.10 Traitements - Essais
Drop in clinical trial numbers underscores drugmakers’ fears over Brexit that trace back over a year [EndPoints] Concerns about how the EMA, soon to be relocated from London to Amsterdam, will handle clinical trial data from the UK are relatively new and could spell longterm trouble for the R&D hub.
	5.12.3 Immunothérapies-combinaisons
Neoadjuvant Immune Checkpoint Blockade in Melanoma [ESMO] Additional studies needed to optimise treatment regimens and validate biomarkers.
	5.12.8 Immunothérapies - Economie
National Coverage Analysis of CAR-T Therapies — Policy, Evidence, and Payment [NEJM] CAR-T therapies have broken new ground on many fronts — they have shown efficacy in patients who previously had few options, but they cost multiple times what any previously approved cancer therapy costs. Their rapid approval based on small, uncontrolled studies reflects their promise. But they are no panacea. Ms. Kearney died a few weeks after receiving her dose of the CAR-T therapy that cost nearly $400,000, and she endured an extended hospital and ICU stay along the way.
	5.2.3 Pharma - économie
Novartis, Pfizer, AZ and more hand China 50%-plus cancer drug discounts [FiercePharma] Because the country operates a national medical insurance scheme, getting onto the list means much wider patient reach for biopharma companies. But in the meantime, they’ll need to carefully examine the market to understand the level of discount they can afford in exchange for volume growth.
One of the world’s largest drug makers is paying docs again — and patients are the worse off [STAT] In explaining the decision, Glaxo noted it was the only drug maker that halted payments when the policy was put into effect in 2016, and it placed the company at a competitive disadvantage.
	5.3.4 Traitements - AMM (FDA, EMA,...)
FDA panel unanimously backs Celltrion's Rituxan biosimilar [FiercePharma] If approved, the biosimilar would be the first Rituxan copycat to secure a marketing nod in the U.S., Celltrion CEO Woosung Kee noted in a statement. Novartis is aiming for approval with its own biosim program, but suffered a setback at the FDA earlier this year.
U.S. FDA panel backs Celltrion copycat of Roche blood cancer drug [Reuters] Rituxan brought in sales of $3.53 billion in the first half of 2018, a 9 percent drop from a year earlier, mainly due to the launch of biosimilars in most EU markets.
	5.4 Traitements - Economie
A new era for drug pricing: the ‘accountable choice’ [STAT] Are the principles of reference pricing applicable to novel therapies? They are. The differences between new and existing products need to be, and can be, compared using clinical and cost effectiveness analyses.
	5.6 ESMO
Eisai To Present Abstracts On Oncology Products And Pipeline At Esmo 2018 Congress [Eisai] At the ESMO 2018 Congress, there will be an oral presentation on tumor growth rate prior to treatment administration and efficacy of lenvatinib in patients with radioiodine-refractory differentiated thyroid cancer.
Trust in non-conventional therapies by cancer patients not matched with proper awareness about their risks [ESMO 2018 Press Release] Complementary and alternative medicines are used by 1 in 2 patients before and during cancer treatments, however they are frequently associated with drug-drug interactions, two studies at ESMO 2018 report.
	6. Lutte contre les cancers
Joe Biden, 47th vice-president of the US, calls for global cooperation to defeat cancer [BMJ] Biden ended by both flattering and challenging his audience: “I’ve never seen folks as bright and who work as hard as all of you. You are the most talented community in the world.” He concluded: “Please break down the silos, continue to collaborate in ways that haven’t existed before.”
	6.10.1 Politiques (USA)
Trump signs his first drug pricing bill — but whiffs on the details [STAT] President Trump finally signed a bill that he says will lower drug prices. But don’t ask him to explain how.
	6.2 Implants mammaires
Top court rules against German certifier in French breast implant case [Reuters] The supreme court referred the case to a different appeals tribunal in Paris for a fresh hearing, ruling that TUV Rheinland’s obligations required it to check the implants and documents on the manufacturer’s raw materials, as well as staging surprise visits to PIP.
	6.7.1 IA/bioinformatique
AI for drug development: Experts break down what’s possible — and what’s just hype [STAT] “In cancer clinical trials, we have a medium data problem,” Bergstrom said. “It’s too big for a human to discern pattern recognition, but not big enough for most algorithms to be able to make sense of it.”
Using Artificial Intelligence to Classify Lung Cancer Types, Predict Mutations [NCI] To train the computer program, researchers specializing in machine learning used a deep learning method originally developed and published by Google. The program uses artificial intelligence (AI) to teach itself to get better at a task—in this case, classifying lung cancer specimens—without being told exactly how.
	6.8 Communication
Headline vs. Study: Using cancer as clickbait [HealthNewsReview] If you see a cancer story where you know there’s a disconnect between a hopeful headline and a scant study, make your voice heard — email the author or editor and tweet them your disapproval.