Onco Actu du 23 août 2018

	1. Biologie
The cartographer of cells [MIT Technology Review] Aviv Regev helped pioneer single-cell genomics. Now she’s cochairing a massive effort to map the trillions of cells in the human body. Biology will never be the same.
	2. ÉTIOLOGIE
Bladder Cancer Contrast [Harvard Medical School] Using mouse models and human patient data, researchers at Harvard Medical School and Boston Children’s Hospital found that inherent genomic differences contribute to the contrast in bladder cancer rate between the sexes.
	4. Dépistage, diagnostic et pronostic
A New Device to Monitor Heart Dysfunction in Childhood Cancer Survivors [Cancer Research Catalyst] In a recent study published in Clinical Cancer Research, Armenian and colleagues analyzed the accuracy of Vivio, a prototype handheld device that collects pulse waves from the carotid artery to measure LVEF using a specialized algorithm.
	4.1 Dép., diag. & prono. - Prostate
Men, Beware of Biopsies for Prostate Cancer Dx [MedPage Today] Initially, Becker was diagnosed low-risk, low-volume Gleason 6. But his MRI records were switched. And he was temporarily diagnosed with extensive prostate cancer. False alarm. He also was hospitalized for potentially deadly sepsis from an infection caused by a transrectal biopsy. A nightmare.
	4.2 Dép., diag. & prono. - Génome
Gene testing of Nigerian women could help prevent breast cancer [UW Medicine] “It may seem paradoxical to apply the most recent technology in severely resource-limited settings,” the authors added, “but in fact the solution fits the problem… Women with extremely high risk of breast cancer due to mutations in these genes can be identified inexpensively and unambiguously, and offered interventions to reduce cancer risk.”
	4.5 Dép., diag. & prono. - Colorectal
Exact Sciences signs marketing deal with Pfizer for cancer test [Reuters] Approved in the United States in 2014 to screen adults aged 50 or older at average risk for colorectal cancer, sales of the diagnostic test jumped 78 percent to nearly $103 million in the latest reported quarter.
	5. Traitements
Lasers help fight deadly brain tumors [WUSTL] A research team at Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis has found that laser treatment designed to destroy the tumor can add an average of two months to a patient’s life, compared with chemotherapy, the standard treatment for glioblastomas that have recurred. The increase is small but meaningful for people who have only months left to live.
	5.10 Traitements - Essais
Pfizer and Astellas Amend Clinical Research Protocols for Two Phase 3 Trials of Enzalutamide in Patients with Hormone-Sensitive Prostate Cancer [Pfizer] Amendments accelerate anticipated primary completion dates for both ARCHES and EMBARK trials.
	5.12 Immunothérapies
CancerLinQ LLC, Concerto HealthAI, and Tempus are Expanding Collaboration with U.S. Food and Drug Administration on Checkpoint Inhibitors [ASCO] Through this research agreement, the collaborators will study a de-identified data set of patients who have received any of the following immune checkpoint inhibitor medications: atezolizumab (Tecentriq), avelumab (Bavencio), durvalumab (Imfinzi), ipilimumab (Yervoy), nivolumab (Opdivo), or pembrolizumab (Keytruda).
Immunotherapy Drugs Slow Skin Cancer That Has Spread to the Brain [NY Times] A combination of two drugs that activate the immune system shrank brain tumors in many melanoma patients and prolonged life in a study of 94 people at 28 medical centers in the United States. The drugs were ipilimumab (brand name Yervoy) and nivolumab (Opdivo), and they belong to a class called checkpoint inhibitors.
	5.12.1 Immunothérapies - partenariats
$60M in, AbbVie is triggering a $625M-plus plan to develop a new immuno-oncology drug that is going after GARP [EndPoints] Argenx got into the game in 2015, attracted to the lab work being done by Sophie Lucas at the de Duve Institute at the Catholic University in Belgium. Her team was looking at the role of GARP in producing TGF-ß, which applies the brakes to the immune system.
argenx announces that AbbVie has exercised its exclusive option to license ARGX-115, a novel immuno-oncology antibody [argenx] ARGX-115 is believed to selectively limit the immunosuppressive activity of activated regulatory T-cells (Tregs), thereby stimulating the immune system to attack cancer cells.
AbbVie doubles down on cancer project with biotech group Argenx [Reuters] Argenx, with bases in the Netherlands and Belgium, is developing a cancer immunotherapy drug named ARGX-115 with AbbVie, for which the U.S. company has now decided to trigger an option which gives it an exclusive license to develop and commercialize the drug.
	5.12.2 Immunothérapies - CAR-T, thérapies cellulaires
Cell and Gene Therapy Tracker: Global CAR T-Cell Trials [The Scientist] With our partners at CellTrials.org, we've developed an interactive map that displays the numbers of CAR T-cell trials taking place in countries across the world. Trials are categorized as targeting either hematologic malignancies or solid tumors.
	5.12.8 Immunothérapies - Economie
Bristol-Myers will sell Opdivo in China at half of US cost, setting precedent for checkpoint wave — report [EndPoints] Caixin noted that Bristol-Myers will offer discounts through a patient assistance program, likely on a “buy five months get six months free” basis. The company, however, said it has not announced the recommended retail price for Opdivo in China.
	5.2 Pharma
Novartis trial win lifts profile of new breast cancer drug [Reuters] The success of BYL719, also called alpelisib, comes after other drugmakers including Roche have seen similar investigational medicines fail.
	5.3 Traitements - FDA, EMA, NICE...
Real-Time Approval [In the Pipeline] One thing to watch is whether the program gets diluted over time, as others try to move in and get some of the real-time-approval action. It’s fine if the FDA wants to expand it, but they should only expand it as other therapeutic areas and trials meet these standards – let them come up to this level rather than lowering the criteria to meet them.
	6. Lutte contre les cancers
Radiologist shortage 'affecting cancer care' in the UK [BBC News] Figures suggest their workload of reading and interpreting scans has increased by 30% between 2012 and 2017. But the number of consultant radiologists in England has gone up by just 15% in that time.