Onco Actu du 15 juin 2018

	1. Biologie
Cancer Cells Eat Fat to Grow and Spread [Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center] Researchers at the Sloan Kettering Institute have discovered that melanoma cells in zebrafish use fat from nearby fat cells to fuel their growth and spread.
	3.3 Prévention - Vaccins
Parents See Cancer Prevention Potential as Best Reason for HPV Vaccination [AACR] Study evaluated physicians’ messages on why vaccination is important.
	4.2 Dép., diag. & prono. - Génome
Doctors have cost concerns about genetic tests for disease risk [Reuters] Insurance may be part of the problem. Four in five doctors said they didn’t expect insurance to cover genetic tests within the next five years. And, half of physicians worried that insurers might use genetic test results to deny coverage or charge higher premiums to patients.
	5.1 Traitements - Pré-clinique
MD Anderson, Houston Methodist scientists detect new ovarian cancer target [MD Anderson Cancer Center] Preclinical research shows malignant cells’ tie to supportive fibroblasts can be hit with Calcitriol.
A new kind of vaccine based on spider silk [Université de Genève] By successfully encapsulating a vaccine into a spider silk microparticle, Swiss and German researchers have discovered a novel technique that will help fight cancer and certain infectious diseases.
	5.10 Traitements - Essais
Trial Produces Practice-Changing Findings for Some Children, Young Adults with Leukemia [NCI] “Some clinicians are already using nelarabine similarly to the way it was used in this trial and omitting the radiation,” Dr. Smith said. But, he added, “we’ll need more research before we can ensure that a nelarabine treatment regimen without cranial irradiation is an appropriate standard of care.”
	5.12 Immunothérapies
Gene testing could identify men with prostate cancer who may benefit from immunotherapy [Institute of Cancer Research] In the new study, the pattern of genetic changes linked with the missing copies of the CDK12 gene was distinct from other, previously identified genetic subtypes of prostate cancer, making this an entirely separate form of the disease.
	5.12.2 Immunothérapies - CAR-T, thérapies cellulaires
VHIO: pioneering immunotherapy as the first Spanish site to conduct CAR T cell trial against lymphoma [VHIO] The trial has been designed to determine the efficacy and safety of JCAR017, a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapy, in the treatment of clinically selected adult patients with relapsed or refractory disease.
	5.12.5 Immunothérapies - Pharma
Can Sanofi compete in lung cancer? With I-O med cemiplumab, it’s aiming for third [FiercePharma] Same or different—that’s a big question rattling around the immuno-oncology field, where PD-1 and PD-L1 checkpoint inhibitors have put up differing results in clinical trials. The assessment from Sanofi? The PD-1 drugs themselves are essentially equal. It’s the trial designs that make them look different, Joanne Lager, head of oncology development, said in an interview Wednesday.
	5.12.6 Immunothérapies - AMM
Merck's Keytruda nabs 2nd approval in 2 days, this time in non-Hodgkin lymphoma [FiercePharma] While neither market is anywhere near the size of the mammoth lung cancer market Keytruda is dominating, the regulatory blessings will help the product build its lead on rivals Opdivo from Bristol-Myers Squibb, Roche’s Tecentriq, AstraZeneca’s Imfinzi, and Pfizer and Merck KGaA’s Bavencio.
	5.4 Traitements - Economie
Is ASCO Sending Mixed Messages On Cancer Drug Value? [Forbes] Integrating input from multiple stakeholders may help improve usability of ASCO's value framework. As currently constituted, ASCO scores are unable to readily differentiate between drugs providing more or less value, because costs and benefits cannot be combined into one measure.
Adding pertuzumab to existing treatments after surgery for early breast cancer not cost effective, says NICE in draft guidance [NICE] The committee concluded that current research showed only a small difference in the proportion of people who remained free from invasive disease, and this effect was itself uncertain. In addition there is a lack of evidence on by how much, if at all, adding pertuzumab might increase overall survival.
	5.9.3 EHA
AbbVie Announces New Undetectable Minimal Residual Disease Data from Phase 3 Relapsed/Refractory Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia MURANO Trial of Venetoclax in Combination with Rituximab at 23rd European Hematology Association Annual Congress [AbbVie] 83 percent (n=100) of 121 patients who achieved undetectable minimal residual disease (uMRD) at the end of combination therapy with VenR (n=194), maintained uMRD and were progression-free at 13.8 months of follow-up.
New long-term data confirm Roche’s Gazyva/Gazyvaro extends the lives of people with chronic lymphocytic leukaemia compared to MabThera/Rituxan [Roche] These data highlight the superiority of Gazyva/Gazyvaro-based treatment over MabThera/Rituxan-based treatment for patients with previously untreated CLL with comorbidities.
	6. Lutte contre les cancers
Clinical Broad Data Sharing Consent Resources [ClinGen] All resources are available in English, French, Spanish, and Mandarin Chinese.
	6.1 Observation
Vitamin D Levels Linked to Lower Colorectal Cancer Risk [ACS] According to Marjorie L. McCullough, ScD, RD, American Cancer Society epidemiologist and co-first author of the study, the findings indicate there may be a target range of vitamin D levels that may optimally lower risk for colorectal cancer. She said, “What’s optimal for colorectal cancer may be different for what’s optimal for bone health.”
Does Vitamin D Really Protect Against Colorectal Cancer? [NPR] A particularly provocative finding of the study, McCullough says, is the relatively strong correlation between higher blood levels of vitamin D and lower risk of colorectal cancer in women.
	6.6 Publications
Journal data sharing policies are moving the scientific community towards greater openness but clearly more work remains [LSE Impact Blog] Lisa Federer reports on an analysis of the Data Availability Statements of more than 45,000 PLOS articles, finding that the ideal of open data is far from fully realised, with researchers’ use of repositories clearly an area for improvement.