Onco Actu du 28 mars 2018

	1. Biologie
Scientists Find Stomach Cells In Lung Cancer [Duke] The findings, published March 26 in the journal Developmental Cell, underscore the amazing resilience and plasticity of cancer cells. Such plasticity can presumably enable tumors to develop drug resistance, arguably the biggest challenge to successful cancer treatment.
	3.1 Prévention - Tabac
FDA sued for delaying e-cigarette, cigar regulations [Washington Post] The litigation comes as FDA Commissioner Scott Gottlieb oversees a major overhaul of tobacco regulations centered on nicotine and its addictive properties.
	3.1.1 Prévention - Tabac - e-cigs
Some e-cigarette ingredients are surprisingly more toxic than others [UNC] UNC School of Medicine scientists led by Robert Tarran created a new screening technique to deduce the different toxicity levels of the more than 7,700 types of e-liquid flavors available to consumers.
New Zealand court gives Philip Morris nod to sell heated tobacco product [Reuters] The product, known as IQOS, is a sleek, penlike device that heats tobacco but does not ignite it - an approach Philip Morris says produces far lower levels of carcinogens than regular cigarettes.
	3.4 Chimioprévention
Preclinical study shines a light on BET inhibitors’ potential to prevent obesity-related cancer growth [EndPoints] In two studies published in Cancer Prevention Research today, scientists showed that the drug compound, I-BET-762, had effects on both tumor and immune cells. As a result, it reduced the amount of existing cancer cells in mice by 80% and prevented 50% of precancerous human cells from becoming cancerous.
	4. Dépistage, diagnostic et pronostic
Screening High-Risk Individuals Can Reduce Multiple Myeloma Mortality [Moffitt Cancer Center] This effect was more pronounced in individuals who had a higher risk of Monoclonal Gammopathy of Undetermined Significance. They found that the prevalence of multiple myeloma could be reduced by 19 percent in individuals who begin screening at age 55 and have follow-up screening every 6 years.
	4.5 Dép., diag. & prono. - Colorectal
The IARC perspective on colorectal cancer screening [ecancernews] An international group of 23 experts convened by IARC performed a systematic review and evaluation of the pertinent scientific literature on stool-based tests, endoscopic methods, and computed tomographic colonography methods.
	5.12 Immunothérapies
Checkpoint Inhibitors: How Researchers are Expanding this Form of Immunotherapy [Dana-Farber Cancer Institute] There is general agreement among researchers and physicians that the key to extending inhibitors’ effectiveness to other types of cancer is combining the inhibitors with other therapies – other types of immunotherapy, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, or anti-angiogenesis drugs (which deny tumors access to nutrients in the blood system).
	5.12.4 Immunothérapies - Essais
ARMO BioSciences Announces Positive Outcome of First Interim Analysis in SEQUOIA Phase 3 Pancreatic Cancer Study [ARMO BioSciences] SEQUOIA is a Phase 3 randomized pivotal clinical trial in PDAC patients, which compares a combination of pegilodecakin and FOLFOX to FOLFOX alone, as a second-line therapy after tumor progression during or following a gemcitabine-containing regimen. The first patient was enrolled in the study in early 2017 and the company plans to enroll approximately 566 patients in total.
	5.12.5 Immunothérapies - Pharma
Bristol-Myers' Opdivo-Yervoy combo scores again at FDA, this time in colorectal cancer [FiercePharma] A new Opdivo-Yervoy approval could also help Bristol extend its reach in a field where it's battling longtime foe Keytruda from Merck.
U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) Accepts Bristol-Myers Squibb’s Application for Opdivo (nivolumab) Plus Yervoy (ipilimumab) for Previously Treated Patients with MSI-H or dMMR Metastatic Colorectal Cancer for Priority Review [BMS] The FDA also granted the Opdivo plus Yervoy combination Breakthrough Therapy Designation for this potential indication.
	5.2 Pharma
Exelixis’ Partner Ipsen Announces EMA Validation of the Application for a New Indication for CABOMETYX® (cabozantinib) for Previously Treated Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma [Exelixis] In the pivotal phase 3 CELESTIAL trial, CABOMETYX provided a statistically significant and clinically meaningful improvement versus placebo in overall survival.
	5.2.2 Pharma - Fusions & Acquisitions
Novartis's New CEO Has Cash and Momentum for an Overhaul [Bloomberg] The decision isn't a huge surprise, though the timing is unexpected. It suggests new Novartis CEO Vas Narasimhan won't be shy about dealing with the long list of decisions his predecessor left him. It also hints at sizable, pharma-focused M&A to come.
	5.2.3 Pharma - économie
Chinese oncology startup Adagene closes $50M Series C led by Sequoia Capital [EndPoints] The company is keeping its targets under wraps, but did disclose that all six pre-clinical and discovery-stage programs are in the field of oncology.
	6. Lutte contre les cancers
Forging Military Partnerships to Empower the Cancer Research Enterprise [NCI] The partnership has numerous aims, including optimizing resources and expertise, developing and leveraging new technologies, collaborating on clinical trials, accelerating discoveries in cancer research, and increasing education and training opportunities.
James F. Holland, Trailblazing Cancer Researcher, Dies at 92 [NY Times] Dr. Holland and his medical collaborators in the 1950s were scorned by some colleagues as research “cowboys,” as he put it, because they audaciously tackled what was considered an incurable disease and tried to treat it with several chemicals simultaneously, instead of sequentially.
	6.1 Observation
Number of working age people living with cancer shoots up 10% in five years [Macmillan Cancer Support] Too many cancer patients left in the dark about employer’s legal obligations, leading charity warns.
5,500 Scots wait too long for cancer treatment as charities warn NHS is 'struggling' [The Telegraph] The latest figures, covering the last three months of 2017, showed the goal of having 95 per cent of patients start getting help within 62 days was met for none of the main types of cancer.
	6.7 DMP, Big Data & applis
Google x-ray project shows AI won’t replace doctors any time soon [MIT Technology Review] The work is important because it highlights and seeks to address key challenges in applying AI to real-world medical situations. Most demonstrations of AI for medicine have involved large, perfectly annotated data sets, and they have not considered the broader context.