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1. Biologie
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Upgrade makes genome editor CRISPR more muscular, precise [Science]
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The
new work, reported online in the 28 February issue of Nature, modifies
the Cas9 enzyme, creating at least four times as many potential docking
sites. In theory, this could allow researchers to, say, cripple or
replace many parts of genes associated with human disease that CRISPR
currently cannot touch.
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1.1 Biologie - Gènes
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Pediatric Pan-Cancer Studies Uncover Distinct Childhood Tumor Features [Genome Web]
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The
researchers are making the somatic variants used for this study
available through the National Cancer TARGET Data Matric and their
ProteinPaint portal, which has an interactive heat map viewer for
exploring mutations, genes, and pathways across the six histotypes,
noting that the site also houses somatic alterations identified in the
961 tumors profiled for the ICGC-led pediatric pan-cancer analysis.
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Genome studies unlock childhood-cancer clues [Nature]
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The
work, published by two teams on 28 February in Nature1,2, is part of a
growing movement to harness genomics against childhood cancers. Around
the world, researchers are banding together to share genomics data,
techniques and cell lines that can be used to study these diseases.
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2.11 Etiologie - Alimentation
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Yes, bacon really is killing us [The Guardian]
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What
this means, in plain English, is that nitrites make bacon more
carcinogenic. But instead of spelling this out, the WHO moves swiftly on
to the question of how both red and processed meats might cause cancer,
after adding that “it is not yet fully understood how cancer risk is
increased”.
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2.6 Etiologie - Environnement
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US judge blocks weed-killer warning label in California [AP]
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A
U.S. judge blocked California from requiring that the popular
weed-killer Roundup carry a label stating that it is known to cause
cancer, saying the warning is misleading because almost all regulators
have concluded there is no evidence that the product’s main ingredient
is a carcinogen.
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WHO cancer agency “left out key findings” in benzene review [Reuters]
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Emails
from its own scientists show the International Agency for Research on
Cancer failed to comprehensively review evidence on human exposure to
the cancer-causing chemical benzene. The agency has not remedied
matters, despite its findings being used in U.S. court cases and relied
upon around the world.
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3. Prévention
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4.10 Dép., diag. & prono. - Poumon
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4.12 Biopsies liquides
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Bezos-Backed Cancer Screening Startup Pursues Hong Kong for IPO [Bloomberg]
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Grail
said in December that its first product, a screening test for a type of
cancer that’s prevalent in Southeast Asia and southern China, would be
launched this year in Hong Kong. The company’s backers include Tencent
Holdings Ltd., China’s biggest Internet company, as well as
Bristol-Myers Squibb Co., Celgene Corp., Johnson & Johnson
Innovation and Merck & Co.
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4.7 Dép., diag. & prono. - Col de l'utérus
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4.9 Dép., diag. & prono. - Sein
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5.1 Traitements - Pré-clinique
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Genome Sequencing Uncovers Therapy for Rare Brain Tumor [UCSF]
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Solomon’s
team sequenced the genomes of 13 chordoid glioma tumors and identified a
single mutation in one gene, PRKCA, that was consistent across all 13
samples. Because the MAP kinase pathway is so commonly implicated in
cancer, drugs that target it are already available and approved by the
FDA. The researchers tested trametinib, a drug used to treat melanoma,
on brain cells with the PRKCA mutation.
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5.12 Immunothérapies
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5.2 Pharma
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5.2.3 Pharma - économie
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5.3 Traitements - FDA, EMA, NICE...
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6. Lutte contre les cancers
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6.1 Observation
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6.6 Publications
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