Onco Actu du 13 mars 2018

	2.11 Etiologie - Alimentation
What We Know About Coffee And Cancer -- California and IARC, Take Note [Forbes] The bottom line is that – with the possible exception of lung cancer – coffee drinking does not appear to increase the risk of any cancer, and for certain cancers, it may be associated with decreased risk.
	2.5 Etiologie - Gènes
Scientists find treasure trove of 110 genes linked to breast cancer [Institute of Cancer Research] Researchers also linked 32 of the new genes to the length of time women survived breast cancer – suggesting these could be important in the development of the disease and potential targets for future treatments.
	3.1 Prévention - Tabac
Global Health: In Poor Countries, Antismoking Activists Face Threats and Violence [NY Times] Mr. Oluwafemi said he could not prove that his attackers were linked to the tobacco industry in his country, but he strongly suspected it. They were far better dressed and better armed than typical robbers in Nigeria, he said, and his modest home was an unpromising target in a neighborhood of mansions with Mercedes-Benzes.
	4.1 Dép., diag. & prono. - Prostate
Study Finds Shared Decision Making Still Lacking in Prostate Cancer Screening [ACS] Fewer than one in five men with recent testing reported full discussion.
	4.12 Biopsies liquides
Can Liquid Biopsies Compete with Scopes and Scans in Cancer Diagnosis? [DNA Science] Investors are already quite interested in liquid biopsy for the general population, to the tune of a projected $10 billion market, according to one report. But until liquid biopsy becomes meaningful as a cancer screen – that is, for people without symptoms – my advice is to keep going for those unpleasant colonoscopies and mammograms, or start at the appropriate age.
	5. Traitements
Science Surgery: ‘What’s being done to use treatments in different types of cancer?’ [Cancer Research UK] Testing treatments developed for one cancer in other types of cancer is a growing area of research. But like all research it’s a complicated picture.
	5.1 Traitements - Pré-clinique
Aggressive breast cancer can be transformed into a treatable form [Karolinska Institutet] In experimental models, the researchers tested a new biological drug that they have developed, which blocks the PDGF-CC-mediated communication between the tumour cells and the connective tissue cells. This resulted in the transformation of the basal breast cancers into hormone-sensitive (luminal) breast cancers.
Scientists discover exciting new line of attack for hard-to-treat breast cancers [Institute of Cancer Research] The gene, called KIFC1, was one of 37 new genes that the researchers found triple-negative breast cancers were addicted to, each one of which could be a potential new drug target.
Drug May Help Prevent Resistance to Toxin-Based Leukemia Therapy [NCI] In the new study, NCI researchers and their colleagues showed that, in mouse models of this cancer, combining the drug 5-azacytadine (azacitidine or AZA)—which is already used to treat some types of blood cancer—with Moxe helped overcome resistance to the toxin-based therapy.
	5.12.4 Immunothérapies - Essais
Advaxis Reports Fiscal 2018 First Quarter Financial Results And Announces Clinical Hold In Axalimogene Filolisbac Phase 1/2 Combination Study With AstraZeneca’s IMFINZI® (Durvalumab) [Advaxis] Enrollment and dosing in all other Advaxis clinical programs are unaffected at this time.
Patient death forces FDA to slap a hold on study using combo from Advaxis, AstraZeneca — biotech’s shares plunge [EndPoints] The AstraZeneca drug (durvalumab) works by taking the brakes off an immune system attack on cancer cells. Advaxis’ drug (axalimogene filolisbac) uses a live, engineered strain of Lm bacteria to kick up an immune response while targeting defensive mechanisms in cancer cells.
	5.12.6 Immunothérapies - AMM
BMS’s Farajallah: Opdivo is the only PD-1 inhibitor approved for four-week dosing [The Cancer Letter] I think the significance is this should give patients and providers an option. If they want to monitor the patient more closely, then they go with the two-week therapy, and if their patient is stable, then they go with four weeks.
	5.12.8 Immunothérapies - Economie
NICE minded to reject Keytruda for classical Hodgkin lymphoma [PharmaTimes] The appraisal committee has requested that the company provides a cost-comparison with Bristol Myers Squibb’s immunotherapy Opdivo (nivolumab), which is approved by NICE in this setting, to help better inform its decision.
	5.3.4 Traitements - AMM (FDA, EMA,...)
Beyond morphology: FDA mulls acute lymphoblastic leukemia drug based on elimination of “minimal residual disease” [The Cancer Letter] ALL is a small indication. There are about 2,500 new cases among adults in the US, and about half of these patients are found to be MRD-positive after initial chemotherapy. Since not all of these patients are offered treatment for MRD, the indication likely applies to several hundred new patients per year.
	5.4 Traitements - Economie
America’s “NICE”? [Health Affairs] Unlike NICE, which was created by legislation and is accountable to the United Kingdom’s Department of Health, ICER is a private organization with no government authority. Moreover, ICER does not make reimbursement decisions.
	6.10.1 Politiques (USA)
The cruel sham that is “right-to-try” will be up for a vote in the House tomorrow [Respectful Insolence] That’s exactly what right-to-try is about, going back to the days before the FDA. It’s not about helping terminally ill patients. It never has been.
	6.3 Associations/Fondations
Despite Pharma Ties, Some Patient Groups Protest High Drug Prices [Xconomy] Whatever their stated reasons for remaining neutral or silent, most advocates won’t speak out for fear of losing funding from the drug industry, says David Mitchell, a multiple myeloma patient who founded the nonprofit Patients for Affordable Drugs last year to push for lower drug prices.
	6.5 Médecines alternatives
NHS homeopathy ending in London [BBC News] "This move means that London has now joined the vast majority of the country in consigning homeopathy to the history books. The only areas of the UK still wasting money on these disproven treatments are Bristol and Glasgow."
	6.7 DMP, Big Data & applis
AI researchers embrace Bitcoin technology to share medical data [Nature] Blockchain could let people offer health records for research — without losing control over them.
	6.7.1 Bioinformatique
Images of Machine Learning [In the Pipeline] This suggests that a single high-content imaging screen might be able to replace two or three dozen other screening campaigns. The team put this to the test, looking at a kinase target for an oncology target, and another enzyme target in a CNS program.
Math models for medical decision-making: a double-edged sword [Cancer World] In the golden age of computing, both the present and future of medical decision-making seem to depend on new mathematical models and systems built around artificial intelligence (AI). But how will doctors and patients feel about using (and trusting) them?
	6.9 Controverses
'Shameful': widespread outrage over man denied NHS cancer care [The Guardian] Politicians, doctors and cancer charities have responded with outrage to the case of a Londoner asked to pay £54,000 for cancer treatment because he was unable to provide evidence of residency, despite having lived here for 44 years.