Onco Actu du 6 février 2018

	2.11 Etiologie - Alimentation
Very hot tea can raise risk of oesophageal cancer, suggests study [The Guardian] Combined with excess alcohol consumption, scaldingly hot tea raises relative risk fivefold, says Chinese researchers.
Hot tea tied to higher cancer risk for smokers and drinkers [Reuters] Among Chinese adults who drank at least one beer, cocktail or glass of wine daily, those who also consumed burning hot tea every day were 5 times more likely to develop esophageal cancer than people who drank tea at any temperature less than once a week, the study found.
	3.1.1 Prévention - Tabac - e-cigs
E-cigarettes 'should be on prescription' [BBC News] An independent review of the latest evidence, published by PHE, suggests at least 20,000 people a year are quitting with the help of e-cigarettes. The report also says they are at least 95% less harmful than smoking.
UK experts urge smokers to switch to e-cigs for big health gains [Reuters] “Our new review reinforces the finding that vaping is a fraction of the risk of smoking, at least 95 percent less harmful, and of negligible risk to bystanders,” said John Newton, a professor and director for health improvement at PHE.
E-cigarettes and heated tobacco products: evidence review [Public Health England] Annual update of Public Health England’s e-cigarette evidence review by leading independent tobacco experts.
E-cigarettes should be on sale in hospital shops, health body says [The Guardian] More could be done to get people to switch to products that are safer than smoking cigarettes, say Public Health England.
	3.3 Prévention - Vaccins
HPV vaccine offered to men who have sex with men in England [BBC News] The programme for men aged 45 or younger will start from April 2018, to protect them from some cancers caused by HPV as well as genital warts,
	3.6 Prévention - Activité physique
Physical Inactivity Linked to Higher Risk of Lung, Head/Neck Cancers [Roswell Park Cancer Center] Although many studies have reported an association between physical inactivity and cancer, this is the first to systematically examine lifetime physical inactivity as an independent risk factor.
	4.2 Dép., diag. & prono. - Génome
Nanopore Sequencing: The Future of NGS? [Genohub] MinION reads are still considerably less accurate than Illumina sequencing, so this aspect could be improved as well. Nonetheless, this is a truly astonishing accomplishment that indicates what the future of DNA sequencing holds in store.
	5. Traitements
Progress in the treatment of ALL, NSCLC, urothelial cancer, melanoma, colorectal and breast cancers according to year in review articles published in the Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology [ESMO] Groundbreaking findings reported in 2017 at oncology conferences and published in prestige scientific journals are summarized in a series of articles published in February 2018 issue of the Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology.
Opinion: Do Not Believe the Hype [The Scientist] Marijuana ointments as cancer treatments remain a distant prospect.
	5.10 Traitements - Essais
Publication Highlights Key Questions as Basket Studies Proliferate [Genome Web] A lot of these insights, Hyman argued, were only possible because of the size of SUMMIT, which raises some anxiety about how the results of larger umbrella-protocol trials like NCI-MATCH can be best analyzed and received.
	5.12 Immunothérapies
Gut Bacteria Influence Effectiveness of a Type of Immunotherapy [NCI] Picking exactly which bacteria to target in trials could be tricky, cautioned Douglas Johnson, M.D., an oncologist at Vanderbilt University who was not involved in any of the studies.
	5.12.10 Immunothérapies - Fusions et acquisitions
Hans Bishop gets a $287M payday as Juno execs see windfall fortunes — with a $922M payoff for Arch [EndPoints] One of the grand prize winners, though, is board member Robert Nelsen, who helped get the whole thing going, raised hundreds of millions of dollars and pointed Juno into the front ranks of the CAR-T leaders, never losing faith even in the dark days of their lead drug’s lethal implosion during a pivotal study.
	5.12.3 Immunothérapies-combinaisons
Bristol-Myers offers some eagerly awaited Checkmate-227 results, but they’re not changing medical practice — yet [EndPoints] Overall, I think this is encouraging for adding further credibility to TMB measurement and potentially nivo/ipi for a selected subset of patients with advanced NSCLC, but I feel these results should definitely not lead us to adopt either TMB or nivo/ipi in clinical practice without far more information.
More Questions Than Answers For Bristol-Myers [Forbes] Bristol took the unusual step of changing one of the main goals of its study. Clinical trials are like shooting pool: you have to call you shot before you sink it. Bristol says it discussed the change with the Food and Drug Administration, but did not publicly disclose it.
Bristol claims victory in crucial immunotherapy trial, but results raise some questions [STAT] As originally designed, the primary analysis of the Checkmate-227 study was not supposed to parse lung cancer patients based on tumor mutation burden status, raising questions about the strength and validity of Bristol’s announcement.
Bristol-Myers scores big, wows checkpoint field with an early hit on Opdivo-Yervoy combo for lung cancer [EndPoints] Bristol-Myers shares immediately surged about 3%, while AstraZeneca and Merck stock pointed down 1.5% in pre-market trading. The win here is also a plus for Foundation Medicine $FMI, which provided the test used to pick patients with a high TMB.
Pivotal Phase 3 CheckMate -227 Study Demonstrates Superior Progression-Free Survival (PFS) with the Opdivo Plus Yervoy Combination Versus Chemotherapy in First-Line Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) Patients with High Tumor Mutation Burden (TMB) [BMS] Trial will continue as planned to assess the Opdivo plus Yervoy combination for the other co-primary endpoint of overall survival in patients whose tumors express PD-L1.
	5.4 Traitements - Economie
NICE, the NHS, and Cancer Drugs [JAMA] The recent increase in positive NICE recommendations for routine use likely reflects increased willingness by the industry to offer their products at a cost-effective price at launch to secure long-term availability in the NHS.
	5.5.14 ASCO (vessie)
New Model Predicts Survival for People With Bladder Cancer Receiving Immunotherapy [ASCO] To develop the model, the researchers analyzed data from two clinical trials of PD-L1 inhibitor atezolizumab in people with advanced urothelial cancer that worsened despite cisplatin chemotherapy, which is the standard treatment for this disease.
	5.5.3 ASCO (prostate)
Phase 3 PROSPER Trial Shows XTANDI (enzalutamide) Significantly Reduced the Risk of Metastasis or Death by 71 Percent in Men with Non-Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer [Astellas] PROSPER enrolled patients with prostate cancer that had progressed, based on a rising prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level despite androgen deprivation therapy (ADT), but who had no symptoms and no prior or present evidence of metastatic disease. The trial evaluated enzalutamide at a dose of 160 mg taken orally once daily plus ADT, versus placebo plus ADT.
Apalutamide Delays Prostate Cancer Metastases by More Than Two Years [ASCO] The SPARTAN Study was conducted at 332 institutions worldwide and enrolled 1,207 men.
Chemotherapy Added to Hormone Therapy for Prostate Cancer Improves Quality of Life [ASCO] The STAMPEDE (Systemic Therapy in Advancing or Metastatic Prostate Cancer: Evaluation of Drug Efficacy) trial has now enrolled over 9,000 men with advanced (non-metastatic and metastatic) prostate cancer since October 2005 and has looked at nearly a dozen different drugs to treat the disease.
Pfizer's Xtandi delays prostate cancer spread in early stage disease [Reuters] The data from a highly anticipated study released on Monday showed that it took 36.6 months for the disease to spread to other parts of the body in patients who received Xtandi plus androgen deprivation therapy (ADT), a measure known as median metastasis-free survival. That compared with 14.7 months for ADT alone, a highly statistically significant difference of nearly two years.
Pfizer vs J&J: Researchers are duking it out for the championship title in nonmetastatic prostate cancer [EndPoints] Both companies posted their abstracts being reviewed at ASCO’s Genitourinary Cancers Symposium Monday evening. And while scientists frown on comparing data from two different studies, you can bet that analysts will be lining up the results side-by-side to see who will come out ahead.
	5.5.4 ASCO (immunothérapies)
Adding Immunotherapy to Standard Treatment Slows Growth of Advanced Kidney Cancer, With Fewer Side Effects [ASCO] The difference in overall survival between the two treatment regimens was not statistically significant at this early interim analysis. Overall survival data are still immature, and the authors are planning an updated analysis as more data accrues.
Phase III IMmotion151 Study Showed Genentech’s TECENTRIQ (Atezolizumab) and Avastin (Bevacizumab) Reduced the Risk of Disease Worsening or Death by 26 Percent in Certain People with Advanced Kidney Cancer [Genentech] Those who received TECENTRIQ plus Avastin had a 26-percent reduced risk of disease worsening or death (PFS) compared to people treated with sunitinib.
Roche hails another PhIII win on Tecentriq combo, reports promising kidney cancer data [EndPoints] The latest Phase III study tested Tecentriq (atezolizumab) with Avastin (bevacizumab) against advanced or metastatic renal cell carcinoma or kidney cancer.
	6.6 Publications
Meet the New Editor-in-Chief of Cancer Research, Chi Van Dang, MD, PhD [Cancer Research Catalyst] Cancer science is shaped continuously by new technologies and new findings, and as such the Convergence & Technologies section will highlight enabling new technologies and the convergence of different disciplines to solve key cancer research questions. Big data is now a reality in cancer research, and the new Resource Reports section will allow for the description of data resources that are available to cancer researchers.
	6.8 Communication
Where Does the News Hype Come From? [In the Pipeline] The hype is coming from the press releases issued by the universities themselves. Here’s their analysis of the problem, but before anyone starts feeling superior to university press offices, it turns out that the same problem exists with the PR put out by journals and publishers.