Onco Actu du 29 novembre 2017

	3. Prévention
Increased Oral Pathogens and Decreased Bacterial Diversity Predict Precancerous Lesions of Stomach Cancer [NYU] NYU Dentistry Study Points to Controlling Periodontal Disease for Possible Cancer Prevention.
	3.1 Prévention - Tabac
An Important Moment in Tobacco Control [NCI] NCI's role in this lawsuit is just one small part of our larger and sustained commitment to reducing smoking rates in the United States and beyond.
	4. Dépistage, diagnostic et pronostic
The microscope makers [Nature] A small community of scientists has taken a do-it-yourself approach to microscopy: when the right tool for the job doesn’t exist, make it.
	4.1 Dép., diag. & prono. - Prostate
Median Technologies inks a collaboration agreement with Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center for a study dealing with prostate cancer [Median] The collaboration between MSK and Median deals with the use of iBiopsy® for a retrospective study of MRI images of 200 patients who were diagnosed with prostate cancer and underwent radical prostatectomy, and for whom histological slides and analyses are available. The study will explore the use of automated texture analysis and machine learning provided by Median iBiopsy® to classify lesions on MRI in terms of aggressiveness, i.e., to establish classifications between aggressive and indolent prostate cancer.
	4.2 Dép., diag. & prono. - Génome
Illumina Opens First Commercial and Customer Training Center in France [Illumina] Customer Solutions Center will train up to 1,000 people a year in latest genomics technologies.
	4.9 Dép., diag. & prono. - Sein
Abbreviated Breast MRI May Be Additional Screening Option for Dense Breasts [Penn Medicine] In a study of 195 asymptomatic women with dense breast tissue who had a negative mammogram within the previous 11 months, AB-MR detected five additional cancers after a negative screening mammography, according to preliminary findings from a Penn Medicine team presented this week at the Radiological Society of North America meeting in Chicago.
	5. Traitements
Our milestones: Nudging breast cancer radiotherapy in the right direction [Cancer Research UK] In this instalment, we take look at how the START trials provided crucial evidence to change practice for women having radiotherapy for early stage breast cancer.
	5.12.2 Immunothérapies - CAR-T
Molecular profiling of melanoma tumours explains differences in survival after T cell therapy [Lund University] The more times metastasised melanoma has mutated and the patient’s immune system has been activated against the tumour – the better the chances of survival after immunotherapy.
	5.12.4 Immunothérapies - Essais
Pfizer, Merck KGaA's Bavencio flops in 'high-risk' stomach cancer trial [FiercePharma] "Based on cross trial comparisons, Pfizer’s 3L gastric ... was a very high risk trial to begin with … and the fact that it didn’t work doesn’t necessarily imply that avelumab is worse off on efficacy vs Opdivo/Keytruda etc."
Chemo Tops Pfizer, Merck KGaA Drug in Big Stomach Cancer Test [Xconomy] Despite the clinical trial failure, Merck KGaA, based in Germany, and New York-based Pfizer still have another shot at success. A separate Phase 3 study is already underway testing the drug against chemotherapy in newly diagnosed gastric cancer patients.
Brace for More Cancer-Drug Trial Failures [Bloomberg] Progression trial results have been sufficient to net a bunch of early FDA approvals for these drugs, but showing a survival benefit is the gold standard for cancer medicines. Any drug that manages it would have an edge on rivals. But proving such a benefit is difficult.
Pfizer, Merck KGaA run into a severe setback as PD-L1 drug Bavencio fails in PhIII gastric cancer study [EndPoints] Merck KGaA R&D chief Luciano Rossetti put the failure down to their decision to test the drug against currently used chemo rather than a placebo.
	5.12.5 Immunothérapies - Pharma
European Medicines Agency Validates Bristol-Myers Squibb’s Type II Variation Application for Opdivo (nivolumab) Plus Yervoy (ipilimumab) in Intermediate- and Poor-Risk Patients with Advanced Renal Cell Carcinoma [BMS] The application is based on data from the phase 3 CheckMate -214 study, which was stopped early based on the recommendation of an independent Data Monitoring Committee following a planned interim analysis of overall survival. The results of the study were presented at the European Society for Medical Oncology (ESMO) 2017 Congress.
	5.2 Pharma
Merck In London – A Hub, or Not? [In the Pipeline] All the stories about this move mention the supposed London-Oxford-Cambridge “hub”, but I have to wonder about that a bit. Aren’t those rather spread out for a hub?
	5.2.1 Pharma - Partenariats
AZ teams up with G1 on lung cancer combo [PharmaTimes] The parties have signed a clinical trials collaboration that pairs AZ’ Tagrisso (osimertinib) with G1’s oral CDK4/6 inhibitor G1T38 in EGFR mutation-positive non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).
	5.2.3 Pharma - économie
A Grim Future? Here Are the Numbers. [In the Pipeline] As the article goes on to say, this doesn’t mean the end of the drug industry – just the drug industry as we know it.
Pharma’s broken business model: An industry on the brink of terminal decline [EndPoints] In essence, drug discovery is rather like drilling for oil, where we progressively prioritize and exploit the biggest, best, cheapest and easiest opportunities with the highest expected returns first, leaving less attractive opportunities with lower returns for later.
	5.3.4 Traitements - AMM (FDA, EMA)
Vemurafenib Becomes First FDA-approved Treatment for a Rare Type of Blood Cancer [Cancer Research Catalyst] Erdheim-Chester disease is so rare that it is not known exactly how many people have the disease, although it is estimated to be more than 500 individuals worldwide.
	5.8 ASH
Preview of ASH Highlights [OBR] “ASH 2017 is the largest hematology meeting on the planet,” said Joseph R. Mikhael, MD, chair of the ASH committee on communications, Mayo Clinic in Phoenix, AZ. Speaking at a pre-meeting ASH webinar, Dr. Mikhael outlined key themes of the meeting related to hematologic cancers: CAR-T cell therapies, Targeted therapies, Thrombosis.
	5.8.1 ASH - Communiqués
Astellas to Present New Data Exploring Gilteritinib in Newly Diagnosed Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) Patients at the 2017 American Society of Hematology Annual Meeting (ASH) [Astellas] The wide selection of abstracts showcases the company’s full-scale development program across the FLT3 mutation-positive (FLT3mut+) AML care continuum—from newly-diagnosed to relapsed or refractory patients.
	6. Lutte contre les cancers
Tenovus to build 'world's biggest' mobile chemotherapy unit [BBC News] A mobile chemotherapy unit for cancer patients, thought to be the biggest in the world, is set to be built.
	6.1 Observation
Men twice as likely to develop oral cancer [Cancer Research UK] Around nine out of 10 oral cancer cases in the UK are linked to preventable causes like smoking, alcohol and contracting human papillomavirus (HPV). The difference between cases in men and women may be due to men indulging more heavily in some of these activities.
	6.6 Publications
PLOS Reports $1.7M Loss In 2016 [The Scholarly Kitchen] After several high surplus years, a relatively small 2016 deficit will not sink PLOS. However, the trend over the past five years does not look encouraging, and 2017 looks no better.
	6.7.1 Bioinformatique
Some roadblocks to the broad adoption of machine learning and AI [Simply Statistics] I think a lot of these barriers come down to the fact that for the most part we don’t have strict standards for data capture/tidying/organization/use that are used across organizations. We also don’t have the “glue” steps between each of these components automated.
	6.9 Controverses
Five ways to fix statistics [Nature] As debate rumbles on about how and how much poor statistics is to blame for poor reproducibility, Nature asked influential statisticians to recommend one change to improve science. The common theme? The problem is not our maths, but ourselves.