Onco Actu du 27 octobre 2017

	1.4 Biologie - Technos
Bitter CRISPR patent war intensifies [Nature] Overall, there are more than 1,880 families of CRISPR patent, according to IPStudies, a consulting firm near Lausanne, Switzerland. More than 100 new families — each a group of related intellectual-property claims — are published each month.
2 new CRISPR tools overcome the scariest parts of gene editing [Vox] “These are fairly sophisticated technologies, and it takes a decent amount of knowhow to be able to operate them,” said Zhang. “But even more importantly, biology is very complicated. We are having a difficult time just treating diseases that are caused by a single mutation. There’s lots of biology we need to [learn] to be able to engineer biology.”
	2.5 Etiologie - Gènes
New genetic variants associated with breast cancer identified [NHS Choices] The individual variations identified are only associated with small increases in risk, and many women will carry them. This is very different from the mutations in the BRCA1 or BRCA2 genes that cause breast cancer – these are rare and have a bigger impact on risk.
	3.1 Prévention - Tabac
Tobacco Use Among Working Adults — United States, 2014–2016 [MMWR-CDC] Overall, a decline in cigarette smoking, smokeless tobacco, and e-cigarette use was observed among U.S. workers. However, tobacco use varied by product type, sociodemographic characteristics, and industry and occupation, with a higher prevalence of any tobacco use among workers in the construction industries and installation, maintenance, and repair occupations.
	4. Dépistage, diagnostic et pronostic
An Entrepreneur Aims To Peer Inside The Body With A Small, Simple, Cheap Device [Forbes] The Butterfly Network IQ will cost just under $2,000, a price point at which it’s conceivable that every doctor in an emergency room could carry an ultrasound device.
This Doctor Diagnosed His Own Cancer with an iPhone Ultrasound [MIT Technology Reivew] On his smartphone, to which the device is connected, black-and gray images quickly appeared. Martin is not a cancer specialist. But he knew that the dark, three-centimeter mass he saw did not belong there. “I was enough of a doctor to know I was in trouble,” he says. It was squamous-cell cancer.
	4.2 Dép., diag. & prono. - Génome
Is health care ready for routine DNA screening? A massive new trial will find out [Science] Ready or not, more than 400 other Pennsylvanians have received similar calls, letters, or electronic messages over the past 2 years as part of the world's largest clinical genome sequencing effort, the first available to average Americans as part of standard primary medical care.
	5.12.1 Immunothérapies - partenariats
Evotec pairs with Tesaro to seek out new immuno-oncology targets [FierceBiotech] The CRO-biotech hybrid, which is increasingly becoming biotech focused, has signed a three-year integrated drug discovery collab with Tesaro. The pact is centered on finding new small molecule product candidates against an undisclosed immuno-oncology target.
	5.12.2 Immunothérapies - CAR-T
The fantastic voyage of a bag of cells shipped west to be trained in the art of killing cancer [STAT] The experimental process would take a month and would require the combined efforts of more than 150 doctors, nurses, scientists, and couriers. Their work on Matthews and other patients would eventually validate the paradigm-shifting gene therapy, known as CAR-T.
	5.12.8 Immunothérapies - Economie
Bristol-Myers Is a Risky One-Trial Pony [Bloomberg] Too much of its value hinges on an uncertain Opdivo combo study.
	5.2.3 Pharma - économie
There's No Joy In Biotech. Mighty Celgene Just Struck Out [Forbes] In three weeks, the company has lost a third of its market value.
	5.3 Traitements - FDA, EMA, NICE...
FDA considers Avastin as first-line ovarian cancer therapy [PharmaTimes] The application is based on data from the pivotal Phase III GOG-0218 trial, in which women who received Avastin in combination with chemotherapy, and continued use of Avastin alone for a total duration of 22 cycles, had a median progression-free survival (PFS) of 18.2 months compared to 12.0 months in women who received chemotherapy alone.
	5.3.4 Traitements - AMM (FDA, EMA)
Abemaciclib Approved by FDA for Advanced or Metastatic Breast Cancer [NCI] Of the three CDK4/6 inhibitors now approved, abemaciclib may be the one that binds to CDK4 the best, Dr. Brufsky said. However, despite the clinical effectiveness of the drug, there is a “substantial” chance it will cause severe diarrhea as a side effect, he said, affecting 10% to 15% of patients.
	5.9 AACR
AACR, NCI, and EORTC to Host Meeting on Molecular Targets [Cancer Research Catalyst] Swanton said the multidisciplinary nature of the presentations, combined with the international expertise of the participants, contributes to a robust program.
Genetic Alteration Allowing Lung Cancers to Escape the Immune System May Occur Late in Tumor Evolution [AACR] Further analysis showed that HLA LOH was associated with a high subclonal neoantigen burden, APOBEC-mediated mutagenesis, upregulation of cytolytic activity, and PD-L1 positivity, which Rosenthal said highlights that the immune system is actively sculpting the tumor and suggests that HLA LOH is a response to the selection pressure applied via immune activity.
How the immune system spots cancer [YouTube] Cancer Research UK scientists (as part of the TRACERx trials) have developed a computational toolset to help investigate how many of these signals to the immune cells are left on a cancer cell, based on DNA sequencing information.
	6.1 Observation
Even with Obamacare, childhood cancer survivors may face high costs [Reuters] More than 375,000 adults in the U.S. are survivors of childhood cancers, and their ranks are swelling as treatment advances make more of these tumors a chronic illness rather than a death sentence, researchers note in JAMA Internal Medicine.
	6.7 DMP, Big Data & applis
Telemedicine is forcing doctors to learn 'webside' manner [Wired] Some hospitals have gone so far as to design telemedicine clinics, purpose-built to address the peculiarities of virtual examinations.
NHS must 'get its act together’ or suffer a bigger cyber attack, says National Audit Office [The Telegraph] Prior to the attack, NHS Digital also carried out on-site cyber security assessments at 88 health trusts in England, of which none passed, yet the organisation had no powers to force them to improve their systems.