Onco Actu du 1er septembre 2017

	1. Biologie
US scientists share research of children’s cancers to accelerate progress [Cancer Research UK] Scientists at Howard Hughes Medical Institute have developed unique mouse models of 12 children’s cancers that could provide the basis for testing drugs and other life-saving research.
	3.3 Prévention - Vaccins
Why HPV Vaccination Rates Remain Low in Rural States [MIT Technology Review] HPV vaccination rates continue to increase steadily, but the problems associated with its uptake could spell trouble for other vaccines in the future.
	4.9 Dép., diag. & prono. - Sein
Three questions to ask about calls to widen breast cancer screening [The Conversation] 1. Who’s giving the advice? 2. What aren’t they telling me? 3. What’s the health-care context?
	5. Traitements
Updated ESMO Magnitude of Clinical Benefit Scale Set to Evaluate Single-arm Studies [ESMO] "While the first version only scored comparative studies, the updated tool will enable users to evaluate single-arm studies in orphan diseases and for diseases with high unmet need.”
Bringing the Investigational Breast Cancer Drug Endoxifen from Bench to Bedside with NCI Support [NCI] The endoxifen story began in the early-2000s with genetic studies of women with breast cancer who were treated with the drug tamoxifen (Nolvadex®). The plot has progressed through 2017, with promising results from an early-phase clinical trial of endoxifen published just yesterday and a phase II trial that is nearing completion.
Of mice and men: why animal trial results don’t always translate to humans [The Conversation] This will not surprise pet owners, who know a block of chocolate can kill a dog.
Microscopic lasers may stop tumours spreading around the body [The Economist] How to blow cancer cells up from the inside.
Hormone Treatment for Prostate Cancer Tied to Heart Risks [NY Times] The lead author, Reina Haque, a research scientist at Kaiser Permanente in Pasadena, Calif., said that the results could be particularly important for prostate patients who have risk factors for heart disease.
	5.12 Immunothérapies
As cancer patients look to last-chance therapies, hard conversations are getting postponed [STAT] “In the oncology community, there’s this concept of ‘no one should die without a dose of immunotherapy,’” said Dr. Eric Roeland, an oncologist and palliative care specialist at University of California, San Diego.
	5.12.3 Immunothérapies-combinaisons
Early Keytruda combo data paint Incyte’s epacadostat as a threat to Bristol-Myers’ I-O melanoma franchise [FierceBiotech] Incyte has presented data suggesting its IDO1 enzyme inhibitor dials up the effect Keytruda has on advanced melanoma patients. The interim phase 1/2 readout paints the Incyte-Merck combination as a potential improvement over Bristol-Myers Squibb’s incumbent CTLA-4-PD-1 cocktail.
Lessons Learned From Combining Anti-OX40 and Anti-PD1 Immunotherapies [Cancer Research Catalyst] A pair of studies published recently in journals of the American Association for Cancer Research bring to our attention the unexpected negative consequences of combining two immunotherapeutics concurrently, and discuss the mechanisms behind improved antitumor effects and survival outcomes with sequential administration of the two drugs.
	5.12.6 Immunothérapies - AMM
Novartis: CAR-T Results In One Month, Or No Charge. Why One Month? [Xconomy] In clinical studies CAR-T therapies have worked like gangbusters at first before fading after a few months. So why draw the line at one month?
FDA Approves First CAR T-cell Therapy [Cancer Research Catalyst] Despite the risks associated with tisagenlecleucel treatment, the future looks bright for the groundbreaking new approach to cancer treatment.
	5.12.8 Immunothérapies - Economie
Profit on $475,000 Novartis cancer drug could be a while coming [Reuters] Success with those patients is key to Novartis turning Kymriah into the $1 billion-a-year blockbuster drug the Swiss company predicts it will eventually become, but analysts say it is anyone’s guess when it will start covering its costs.
	5.2.2 Pharma - Fusions & Acquisitions
AstraZeneca's M&A Daydreams [Bloomberg] There are good reasons for AstraZeneca Plc to want to make acquisitions. The snag? The British drugmaker is in a weak position to be a buyer.
Daiichi Sankyo douses a puzzling report about an AstraZeneca buyout offer [EndPoints] AstraZeneca has a particular interest in becoming a cancer drug powerhouse, with some advances and some big disappointments that have piled up in the oncology group. And that may have helped inspire some interest in Daiichi Sankyo, which recently won a breakthrough tag from the FDA for its HER2-targeting antibody-drug conjugate DS-8201.
Japan's Daiichi Sankyo denies 2016 takeover bid by AstraZeneca [Reuters] The online version of the magazine Nikkei Business earlier reported that AstraZeneca had offered to buy Daiichi Sankyo, which has a market value of about $16 billion, in 2016 but the Japanese company declined the approach.
	5.3 Traitements - FDA, EMA, NICE...
EMA Opens Consultations of Two Revised ICH Guidelines [RAPS] While noting that it “remains undisputed that randomisation is a cornerstone of controlled clinical trials and that analysis should aim at exploiting the advantages of randomisation to the greatest extent possible,” the addendum notes that “the question remains whether understanding the effect of a treatment policy always targets the treatment effect of greatest relevance to regulatory and clinical decision making.”
Novartis, UCSF researchers urge FDA to clean up its messy adverse events database [EndPoints] The authors also say that introducing automation to the reports themselves could cut down on the number of erroneous or misclassified reports.
Statement from Center for Drug Evaluation and Research Director Janet Woodcock regarding safety concerns related to investigational use of Keytruda in multiple myeloma [FDA] We are communicating now, given the serious nature of the safety issue, to remind doctors and patients that Keytruda is not approved for the treatment of multiple myeloma and should not be given to patients in combination with any immunomodulatory agents, including Revlimid (lenalidomide) and Pomalyst (pomalidomide), for the treatment of multiple myeloma.
	5.6 ESMO
New and Updated Data for KEYTRUDA® (pembrolizumab) from Merck’s Extensive Immuno-Oncology Program to be Presented at the ESMO 2017 Congress [Merck] Broad Set of Data for KEYTRUDA in 12 Types of Cancer as Monotherapy and in Combination to be Presented.
Puma Biotechnology Announces Publication of Abstracts for ESMO 2017 [Puma] Phase III ExteNET Trial in Early Stage HER2-Positive Breast Cancer.
Bayer to showcase latest oncology research at ESMO 2017 [Bayer] Features findings from two ongoing trials evaluating radium-223 dichloride injection in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer and other solid tumors prone to bone metastases.
Roche to present new data from its oncology portfolio at the 2017 European Society for Medical Oncology (ESMO) Congress [Roche] Data from 18 approved and investigational cancer medicines to be presented at ESMO 2017.
AstraZeneca aims to offset drug setback at big cancer congress [Reuters] The British drugmaker has already said the studies, known as PACIFIC and FLAURA, met their pre-defined goals but the exact scale of the benefit will only be disclosed at the European Society for Medical Oncology (ESMO) congress in Madrid on Sept. 9.
	6.1 Observation
Many People Can Delay Treatment For Thyroid Cancer, Study Finds [NPR] Katie Brown, 44, survived cervical cancer at 22 and lost her father to lung cancer. So when her doctor noticed several small growths on her thyroid that were detected while monitoring a liver condition, Brown was concerned. When a biopsy failed to obtain any usable tissue, her doctor suggested taking a watch-and-wait approach. Brown, who lives near Dallas, said she'd prefer to have another biopsy sooner rather than later.