Onco Actu du 28 juin 2017

	1. Biologie
Cancer studies pass reproducibility test [Science] In the two new replication efforts, however, one key mouse experiment could not be repeated, suggesting ongoing problems with the reproducibility of animal studies, says one leader of the Reproducibility Project: Cancer Biology.
Cancer research's reproducibility problem faces a second test [Wired] Backed by millions of dollars from John Arnold’s philanthropic foundation, the group is replicating the 29 most important cancer papers of the last few years. Today, it published its latest findings on two papers, including the landmark Cancer Cell study. And, unlike their first batch of re-dos from January, things looked pretty good.
	3.1 Tabac
Secondhand Smoke Exposure Among Nonsmoking Adult Cancer Survivors Has Declined [AACR] Exposure was higher among those who had a smoking-related cancer and those who were socioeconomically disadvantaged.
	4.11 Dép., diag. & prono. - Ovaire
Fred Hutch scientists to develop bioassay for ovarian cancer for new National Cancer Institute initiative [Fred Hutch] For the new five-year project, Paulovich and her collaborators will first develop large-scale proteogenomic data on ovarian tumor samples and identify which proteins are linked to chemotherapy resistance. Then Paulovich’s lab will develop targeted proteomic assays, or tests, that measure the tumor proteins of interest.
	4.2 Dép., diag. & prono. - Génome
Genomic sequencing may benefit parents of cancer patients [Baylor] The BASIC3 research team interviewed more than 60 parents before and after they received their child’s exome sequencing results.
	4.9 Dép., diag. & prono. - Sein
Study shows biomarkers can predict which ER-positive breast cancer patients respond best to first-line therapy [MD Anderson] The team’s findings indicated how Rb and cyclin E status predicts response to a combination of CDK4/6 and autophagy inhibition in pre-clinical models and that autophagy blockade is successful in reversing resistance to palbociclib.
3-D mammograms for all: political gimmickry that may harm more women than it helps [HealthNewsReview] New York is about to ignore the science once again. The USPSTF made clear that evidence is lacking for 3-D mammography to be considered a medical necessity in many of the very cases where its use is promoted or prescribed.
	5. Traitements
Thwarting Metastasis by Breaking Cancer’s Legs with Gold Rods [Georgia Tech] The researchers presently envision treating head, neck, breast, and skin cancers with direct, local nanorod injections combined with the low-power near-infrared laser, which can hit the gold nanorods 2-3 centimeters (a bit under or over an inch) deep inside tissue.
	5.12 Immunothérapies
Lung cancer discovery points to a better way to personalise immunotherapy [Cancer Research UK] “Immune cells hold the key to the control of a patient’s cancer,” said Ottensmeier. “So I think we’ll move towards treating patients according to their tumour’s immune landscape, rather than where it is in the body.”
	5.12.2 Immunothérapies - CAR-T
First in Human Administration of UCART123 in Cellectis’ AML Phase I Clinical Trial at Weill Cornell Medicine, NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital [Cellectis] The clinical trial is part of a strategic translational research alliance that was formed between Cellectis and Weill Cornell Medicine in 2015.
	5.12.5 Immunothérapies - Pharma
AstraZeneca cancer drug trial prompts investors to take options cover [Reuters] The British group is hoping to secure a substantial slice of a multibillion-dollar market by proving its combination of two immunotherapy drugs, durvalumab and tremelimumab, can help previously untreated patients with advanced lung cancer.
	5.3 Traitements - FDA, EMA, NICE...
FDA commissioner, intent on fighting costs, rolls out generic hit list and puts some copycats first in line [FiercePharma] The changes come at a time of high scrutiny on drug prices, but also as the industry breathes a sigh of relief on reports that President Donald Trump’s plans for an executive order aren’t particularly harmful to pharma's interests.
FDA, NCI to Collaborate Further on Cancer Research [RAPS] The agreement will benefit FDA by extending outreach to device manufacturers early in the development process, as well as clinicians and drug manufacturers who are utilizing proteogenomics in development programs.
A Few More Steps in FDA’s Drug Competition Action Plan [FDA Law Blog] It’s clear that this endeavor is a priority for Commissioner Gottlieb, so we expect more on this initiative soon.
FDA Tackles Drug Competition to Improve Patient Access [FDA] To encourage generic drug development, the FDA posted a list of branded drugs that have no listed patents or exclusivities and for which the agency has yet to approve a generic drug application.
	5.3.4 Traitements - AMM (FDA, EMA)
FDA Expands Approval of Ceritinib for ALK-Positive Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer [NCI] In addition to being effective in the majority of patients who are resistant to crizotinib, these next-generation inhibitors are also better than crizotinib at crossing the blood–brain barrier, meaning they may be more effective against lung tumors that have spread to the brain.
	5.4 Traitements - Economie
Cancer Drugs Fund driving early access to promising new treatments [NICE] Pembrolizumab (Keytruda) for lung cancer and olaratumab (Lartruvo) for sarcoma are now available on the CDF while more data is gathered on their value.
	6.1 Observation
With Obamacare, More Breast Cancers Diagnosed at Earlier Stages [NY Times] The study, in Cancer Epidemiology, adjusted for other variables and found that after Obamacare, the percentage of cancers diagnosed at the earliest stage increased by 3.2 percent for white women, 4.0 percent for blacks and 4.1 percent for Latinas.
	6.10 Politiques
The hidden, potentially life-threatening, cost Brexit could have on the UK [Wired] On top of taking over the EMA’s work, carrying out all the regulatory work by ourselves and inspecting manufacturers, we might also be burdened with the cost of higher priced drugs later down the line.
	6.11 Patients
How my inherited cancer syndrome taught me to worry less [Stanford Medicine] Because those with VHL, like me, have to deal with tumors and cancer their entire lives, while also dealing with family members with VHL (brothers, sisters, mothers, fathers, uncles, aunts, daughters, sons, grandmothers, grandfathers, cousins), it can be a lot to bear. It is a heavy, never-ending weight and there is no cure.
	6.3 Associations/Fondations
Joe and Jill Biden: We’re Changing How We Fight Cancer [Time] We don’t enter this venture naively. While we are not cancer researchers or clinicians, we have spent the last two years learning everything we can from the world’s leading experts.
	6.6 Publications
Is Science right, and how do we know it? [Ewan's Blog] I believe we should embrace a more experimental approach to sharing and discussing the outcomes of life-science experimentation and analysis. We have the tools to reflect more deeply on how our practice is constructed, and to consider whether this practice is helping us achieve the full potential of scientific enquiry.
Is the staggeringly profitable business of scientific publishing bad for science? [The Guardian] Whatever the fate of Sci-Hub, it seems that frustration with the current system is growing. But history shows that betting against science publishers is a risky move.
	6.7 DMP, Big Data & applis
A Reality Check for IBM’s AI Ambitions [MIT Technology Review] IBM overhyped its Watson machine-learning system, but the company still could have the best access to the kind of data needed to make medicine much smarter.