Onco Actu du 10 mai 2017

	1. Biologie
Parkinson’s gene mutation discovered in one third of cancers [Institute of Cancer Research] Their study showed how loss of PARK2 can stimulate a crucial network of cancer-driving molecules in cells, called the PI3K/Akt pathway, through a well-researched tumour suppressor gene called PTEN.
	4.14 Dép., diag. & prono. - Thyroïde
Don't Screen For Thyroid Cancer, Task Force Says [NPR] "If you look early, you just find a whole new category of patients that has the disease but is never going to suffer from it at all," says Dr. H. Gilbert Welch at the Dartmouth Institute for Health Policy and Clinical Practice. "But they will suffer from the treatment."
	5. Traitements
Combination treatment for advanced lung cancer does not improve survival [ecancernews] Pasi A. Jänne, M.D., of the Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, and colleagues randomly assigned 510 patients with previously treated advanced KRAS-mutant non-small cell lung cancer to the drug docetaxel plus selumetinib or docetaxel and placebo.
	5.10 Traitements - Essais
Roche provides update on phase III study of TECENTRIQ® (atezolizumab) in people with previously treated advanced bladder cancer [Roche] IMvigor211 study did not meet its primary endpoint of overall survival (OS) compared to chemotherapy.
Roche's Tecentriq fails trial in advanced bladder cancer [Reuters] The U.S. Food and Drug Administration had granted accelerated approval for the drug based on previous trial data on bladder cancer patients whose disease progressed during or after chemotherapy. The follow-up IMvigor211 trial was designed to support full approval in the United States and around the world.
	5.12 Immunothérapies
The Progress of Cancer Immunotherapy: The Tip of the Iceberg [Dana-Farber Cancer Institute] “Our task is to figure out the answer to at least two questions. First, why do only some patients with tumors that can respond to immunotherapy – like melanoma, lung, bladder and kidney – not respond to immunotherapy? Why is it only 20 or 30 or 40 percent? Why don’t all of them respond? And second, why do some cancers not respond at all, like pancreatic, prostate, ovarian, and breast cancer, glioblastoma, and colon cancer other than patients with Lynch syndrome?”
	5.12.2 Immunothérapies - CAR-T
After Kite Pharma stuns analysts with news of a death in lead CAR-T study, safety questions sour launch forecast [EndPoints] There may never have been a right way for Kite Pharma to announce that a patient in one of its CAR-T studies died from cerebral edema — but waiting more than a week and then bringing it up on the quarterly call with analysts definitely wasn’t the way to go.
	5.12.5 Immunothérapies - Pharma
Soon-Shiong's I-O outfits get FDA nod to start cancer vaccine trials [FierceBiotech] The NANT Cancer Vaccine is billed as the first combination of off-the-shelf natural killer (NK) cells and a "molecularly informed tumor associated antigen vaccine," given along with low-dose radiotherapy and chemotherapy.
Servier and Pfizer announce FDA clearance of IND application for UCART19 in Adult Relapsed/Refractory Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia [Cellectis] The CALM study was initiated in the UK in August 2016. CALM is an open label, dose-escalation study designed to evaluate safety, tolerability and antileukemic activity of UCART19 in patients with relapsed or refractory CD19-positive B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL).
	5.12.6 Immunothérapies - AMM
FDA grants accelerated approval to avelumab for urothelial carcinoma [FDA] Approval was based on data from an open-label, single arm, multi-center study that enrolled 242 patients with locally advanced or metastatic urothelial carcinoma whose disease progressed on or after platinum-based therapy or within 12 months of a platinum-containing neoadjuvant or adjuvant chemotherapy regimen.
Move over, AstraZeneca. Pfizer and Merck KGaA are the newest bladder cancer drugmakers in town [FiercePharma] Bavencio may not be the new kid on the bladder-cancer block for long. Merck’s Keytruda, which already boasts indications in lung cancer, melanoma, head and neck cancer and more, is also vying for a nod in the space.
Pfizer immuno-oncology drug wins U.S. approval for bladder cancer [Reuters] Bavencio, known chemically as avelumab, was approved for patients with locally advanced or metastatic bladder cancer whose disease progressed during or following platinum-containing chemotherapy or within 12 months of chemotherapy treatment before or after surgery. It is the fourth new immunotherapy to be approved for advanced bladder cancer.
	5.3 Traitements - FDA, EMA, NICE...
Senate Vote Confirms Scott Gottlieb for FDA Commissioner [Xconomy] Gottlieb said during his confirmation hearings that there are opportunities to streamline the FDA, but he also emphasized that the agency needs to uphold standards of safety and efficacy.
Trump wants faster FDA action, but 1 in 3 drugs have safety issues after approval [STAT] The researchers found that it took a median of 4.2 years after the drugs were approved for safety concerns to come to light, and issues were more common among psychiatric drugs, biologic drugs, and drugs that were approved near the regulatory deadline for approval.
Scott Gottlieb wins confirmation as FDA commissioner [STAT] Will Gottlieb have to follow Trump’s orders to repeal two regulations for every new one? Will he have to accept deep budget cuts that could affect his ability to implement the 21st Century Cures Act? And how far will Trump push in his stated goal to “slash restraints” at the FDA to speed up what the president has called a “slow and burdensome” process of drug approvals?
It’s official: Senate confirms Scott Gottlieb as the country’s next FDA commissioner [EndPoints] The industry has backed him at every step, largely happy to endorse someone well known for his work in the industry and his views on the agency. The time has arrived for Gottlieb to start taking action, so the industry can better determine whether it was right or wrong.
	6. Lutte contre les cancers
‘Death and dying continues to be seen as a big taboo’ [The Guardian] To truly transform things, Miller says, the public needs to be properly informed about what palliative care is – where the quality of life for people with advanced or serious illnesses is the focus of teams with a range of skills.
	6.1 Observation
Two million people will be diagnosed with cancer during the next parliament [Cancer Research UK] The figures, calculated for 2017 to 2021, reveal the increasing number of people who will need to be diagnosed, treated and cared for by an already struggling health service.
	6.10.1 Politiques (USA)
Biotech execs, academic leaders make case for NIH funding at White House meeting [Science] Scientific leaders were optimistic yesterday after meeting for 2 hours at the White House with several biotech executives to discuss the “ecosystem” in which federally funded basic research leads to discoveries that companies turn into treatments.
	6.7 DMP, Big Data & applis
CancerLinQ LLC and the College of American Pathologists Launch Partnership to Improve Cancer Knowledge Base for Physicians and Patients [ASCO] As an official CancerLinQ partnering organization, the CAP will have the ability to access to CancerLinQ Discovery™--anonymized, statistically de-identified, fit-for-purpose clinical data sets derived from the CancerLinQ platform to support hypothesis-based research.
Four Lessons In The Adoption Of Machine Learning In Health Care [Health Affairs Blog] To fully realize the value of machine learning, health care organizations must better capture standardized outcome data that represent the goals of the treatment processes.
	6.8 Communication
Radiology society’s PR message about untreated breast cancer: Sound evidence or scare-mongering? [HealthNewsReview] When women are armed with good information and counsel from their physicians the best course for some might be to watch and wait, particularly if their screen suggests DCIS. The release should have acknowledged this.