Onco Actu du 19 janvier 2017

	1. Biologie
Project to replicate landmark cancer studies meets mixed results [STAT] Breaking up. Teenage years. Replicating scientific research. These things are hard.
What Does It Mean When Cancer Findings Can't Be Reproduced? [NPR] "If we, and the many laboratories who have reproduced our results, are right and the reproducibility study is wrong — which I think is the case — they will not be doing a favor to cancer patients."
Rigorous replication effort succeeds for just two of five cancer papers [Science] Some scientists say these early findings from the Reproducibility Project: Cancer Biology, which appear tomorrow in eLife, bolster concerns that too many basic biomedical studies don’t hold up in other labs.
At last, cancer reproducibility project releases some results — and they’re mixed [Retraction Watch] In an accompanying editorial publishing tomorrow, Nosek and Timothy Errington, the “metascience manager” at the Center for Open Science, caution that being able to replicate a result doesn’t automatically mean the result is correct — and vice versa.
Cancer reproducibility project releases first results [Nature] An open-science effort to replicate dozens of cancer-biology studies is off to a confusing start.
Beyond base pairs: Two Broad cancer researchers on the study of structural variation in cancers [Broad Institute] First, structural variants or rearrangements have a long history as important therapeutic targets. The first three targeted treatments in cancer — all trans-retinoic acid, trastuzumab, and imatinib — were against oncogenes that are activated by rearrangements. Second, they can also have massive, long-range effects in cancer cells.
	3.1 Tabac
The Global Economic Burden of Tobacco: An Interview with Dr. Mark Parascandola [NCI] The report found that the use of tobacco burdens economies with more than US$1 trillion annually in health care costs and lost productivity.
	3.1.1 Tabac - e-cigs
Vape companies try to galvanize Trump administration to ease FDA rules [Reuters] “The FDA’s regulations threaten to kill an industry that has created tens of thousands of jobs by producing safer products that help many Americans quit smoking,” the letter to Senate Majority leader Mitch McConnell and House Speaker Paul Ryan said.
	3.6 Prévention - Activité physique
Moderate exercise can improve outcomes for patients with metastatic colorectal cancer, study shows [Dana-Farber Cancer Institute] The results of the research, presented today at the American Society of Clinical Oncology’s Gastrointestinal Cancer Symposium, contradict the widespread belief that, because the prognosis for patients with metastatic cancer is often poor, there is little benefit to be gained from exercise, the study authors said.
	4.2 Dép., diag. & prono. - Génome
DNA-testing smartphone aims to tackle drugs resistance [BBC News] To use the device, a sample of the patient's tissue is put in a container and then placed under a special lens attached to the smartphone's own camera.
	4.5 Dép., diag. & prono. - Colorectal
Live from inside the human body: robots, blue dye and bowel cancer [Cancer Research UK] In a world first, we’ve just broadcast a colonoscopy live on TV with Channel 4 to demystify and take the fear out of this procedure – a common test that can help prevent and diagnose bowel cancer. And it’s thanks to research that people can benefit from colonoscopy today.
	5.2 Pharma
Novartis chief Jimenez touts two top PhIII drug prospects [EndPoints] Those two favorites are CTL-019, the pioneering CAR-T that Novartis is steering to a near-term application at the FDA, and BAF-312 for secondary progressive multiple sclerosis.
	5.3 Traitements - FDA, EMA, NICE...
Statement from FDA Commissioner Robert Califf, M.D. announcing new draft guidances on medical product communications [FDA] We recognize that there is a high level of interest regarding FDA’s views on communications about medical products. We are committed to an ongoing dialogue with industry and other stakeholders, and, when needed, providing guidance to clarify the agency’s thinking on these issues.
What Trump's Libertarian Pals Don't Understand About The FDA -- Or Reality [Forbes] The biggest strides toward fast drug approvals were made under Obama, when a Republican Congress was combined with an FDA chief, Margaret Hamburg, who was not a scientist with dramatic views on what the agency should do but instead a skilled manager.
How the FDA Will Help Lead the Next Medical Revolution [Wired] After decades of experience as a physician and researcher and nearly two years at the FDA, I’m convinced that smart regulation can actually foster innovation.
Netherlands bids to hosts EU drugs agency, replacing Britain [Reuters] The Netherlands "can offer EMA staff excellent housing, healthcare, education and public transport, and an environment where English is widely spoken," the government said in a statement, also pointing to its experience in hosting international organizations.
	5.4 Traitements - Economie
Biosimilars Create Opportunities for Sustainable Cancer Care [ESMO] “Biosimilars are an excellent opportunity to have good, valid drug options that improve the sustainability and affordability of cancer treatment in various countries,” said Professor Josep Tabernero, Chair of the ESMO Cancer Medicines Working Group.
Europe's oncologists back biosimilar versions of cancer drugs [Reuters] Europe's leading association of oncologists has thrown its weight behind cheaper copycat versions of biotech cancer drugs that have lost patent protection, saying they are effective and affordable.
	5.5.5 ASCO (gastro-intestinal)
Bayer to Reveal Latest Data on Regorafenib at ASCO GI 2017 [Bayer] These data include additional analyses from the Phase III RESORCE trial in patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (uHCC) who progressed after treatment with Nexavar® (sorafenib) tablets.
2017 Symposium to Highlight Notable Research Advances in Gastrointestinal Cancers [ASCO] These notable abstracts feature insights into the treatment and management of biliary, liver, and colorectal cancers; the effect of low-dose aspirin use in patients with colorectal cancer; and the role of omega-3 fatty acid and fish intake after a colon cancer diagnosis.
	6.12 Ethique
Scientists Needn't Get A Patient's Consent To Study Blood Or DNA [NPR] The Obama administration has dropped a controversial proposal that would have required all federally funded scientists to get permission from patients before using their cells, blood, tissue or DNA for research.
David Shaw: The implications of conflicts of interest for informed consent [BMJ Blogs] Ultimately, the onus must be on doctors to disclose directly to patients. If done delicately and sensitively, disclosure of conflicts directly to patients can take place without undermining the consent process, but training must be provided to doctors if the GMC’s high standards are to be met.
New rules ease consent requirements for scientists using patient specimens [STAT] With only two days left in office, the Obama administration on Wednesday issued new rules intended to protect people who participate in scientific research, stepping back from proposals that would have imposed significant new regulatory requirements on scientists.
	6.6 Publications
How to spot a “citation cartel” [Retraction Watch] Essentially, our algorithm is very much akin to a community detection algorithm of a network. A community in a network is defined as a group of people that have a greater density of links amongst themselves as with the rest of the network.
	6.7 DMP, Big Data & applis
ASCO Chief Medical Officer Pens New Blog on Importance of Interoperability [ASCO] Dr. Schilsky notes the lack of EHR interoperability in healthcare today. He points to differences in software platforms used by healthcare facilities and the high customization of EHR systems to explain why many EHR systems are unable to “speak” to one another, resulting in added burdens on cancer patients.
Precision Medicine Gives People With Cancer New Hope In 2017 [Forbes] According to co-instructor Kevin Fitzpatrick, CEO of CancerLinQ, an ASCO subsidiary, precision medicine reflects a fundamental shift in the definition of cancer. More than 76 oncology care centers have joined CancerLinQ to date, comprising a care network of approximately 1,800 oncology professionals and over 1.7 million individual patients.
Building The Value-Based Health Care System Of The Future Depends On Meeting Clinicians’ Data Needs [Health Affairs Blog] While the tools are improving, some clinicians remain frustrated by the limited usability of their technology and data, from their inability to easily enter and access key information when and where they need it at the point of care to challenges in accessing timely feedback on the quality of care in their practice.
	6.9 Controverses
Why are we still talking about ‘ovarian’ cancer? [STAT] What if the common cancer that everyone refers to as ovarian cancer actually starts elsewhere in the body and only later takes up residence in the ovaries? That scenario, which is slowly emerging as the reality of this disease, could change how it is treated and prevented.