Onco Actu du 13 septembre 2016

	2. Etiologie
How ionising radiation damages DNA and causes cancer [Sanger] For the first time, researchers from the Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute and their collaborators have been able to identify in human cancers two characteristic patterns of DNA damage caused by ionising radiation. These fingerprint patterns may now enable doctors to identify which tumours have been caused by radiation, and investigate if they should be treated differently.
	3.1 Tabac
FDA skepticism greets Pfizer's latest bid to escape the Chantix black box [FiercePharma] The FDA reviewers disputed the study’s results, citing the way some side effects were characterized and pointing to inconsistencies in data-collection methods. These details could have biased the study results, the reviewers said in a briefing document.
FDA reviewers question Pfizer study about safety of its Chantix smoking cessation pill [STAT] In briefing documents released today on the FDA web site, agency staffers wrote that “the trial was designed in a well-intentioned attempt to capture somewhat ill-defined and complex neuropsychiatric phenomena. However, many problems in the implementation were apparent upon review of the collected data.”
Cardiovascular Consequences of Childhood Secondhand Tobacco Smoke Exposure: Prevailing Evidence, Burden, and Racial and Socioeconomic Disparities: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association [Circulation] This evidence calls for a robust public health policy that embraces zero tolerance of childhood SHS exposure.
Second-hand smoke can hurt kids years after exposure [Reuters] “It is a socio-economic and a health care associated disparity issue,” said Dr. Avni Joshi, a pediatrics researcher at the Mayo Clinic in Rochester, Minnesota who wasn’t involved in the statement.
	4.12 Biopsies liquides
Biocept to Study Liquid Biopsy Platform in Bladder, Prostate Cancers [GEN] According to Biocept, Target Selector platforms are designed to provide both biomarker detection as well as monitoring, requiring only a blood sample.
	4.5 Dép., diag. & prono. - Colorectal
As radiologists push for “virtual” colonoscopy coverage, risk of misleading readers is real [HealthNewsReview] Perhaps most importantly, there’s Hargis’s bold claim that virtual colonoscopy will “save lives,” which is repeated in some variation four times throughout the release. The problem? As Hoffman told me, “no clinical trial has demonstrated that CT colonography saves lives.
	5. Traitements
Crashing cancer’s backup system – our progress so far [Cancer Research UK] With the phrase often touted by the media, it can be difficult to keep track of the ‘next big thing’ in cancer treatment. PARP inhibitors are a relatively new type of cancer drug that have been branded as such. And not without reason.
	5.12.1 Immunothérapies - partenariats
Top 15 Immuno-Oncology Collaborations [GEN] Which Biopharmas Have Spent the Most on Cancer Immunotherapy Partnerships?
	5.2.1 Pharma - Partenariats
Stanford inks computer-driven liver cancer drug discovery pact with twoXAR [FierceBiotech] The pact will see Andreessen Horowitz-backed twoXAR use its computational drug discovery capabilities to make disease-to-candidate predictions, an approach the partners think could uncover drugs with different, more effective mechanisms of action than Bayer’s Nexavar.
	5.2.3 Pharma - économie
CRISPR cuts out $90M IPO bid as another gene editing biotech goes public [FierceBiotech] It is also working on programs independently, including in immuno-oncology using ex vivo and various gene editing approaches, as well as an in vivo disruption approach to Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy. More details on these programs were not however published.
	5.4 Traitements - Economie
Bristol-Myers Squibb’s Response to ICER’s Call for Improvements to its Value Assessment Framework [BMS] By failing to account for disease and patient complexity, while also narrowly focusing on a single component of the healthcare system, ICER’s value framework sidesteps any opportunity for a meaningful assessment of value.
	6. Lutte contre les cancers
Precision Oncology Isn’t Quite There Yet [In the Pipeline] You have a lot of cancer treatment centers advertising their ability to tailor a therapy right for you, the patient, with cutting-edge techniques that have recently become available. Except that these mostly don’t exist yet, and mostly aren’t applicable to the people who show up for treatment, and may not (for the reasons given above) ever exist for some (many?) patients at all.
	6.1 Observation
Cancer overtakes heart disease as Australia's biggest killer [Reuters] "People are now living long enough to get cancer in greater numbers."
	6.10.1 Politiques (USA)
Data Sharing: Key Challenge for Cancer Moonshot (& American Health) [Technonomy] The problems of data in medicine aren’t limited to cancer, and they are the result of myriad byzantine decisions spanning decades.
	6.6 Publications
Why Persistent Identifiers Deserve Their Own Festival [The Scholarly Kitchen] Like most scholarly publishers, I was familiar with things like DOIs, Ringgold IDs, and of course ORCID iDs, not to mention the more traditional identifiers like ISBNs and ISSNs.
	6.7 DMP, Big Data & applis
Sharing personal health information can never be risk-free, but it can be low-risk [STAT] 1) There is never zero risk in sharing data, just as there is never zero risk in taking a walk down the street. 2) Data sharing is inherently a risk-management exercise.