Onco Actu du 7 juillet 2016

	2. Etiologie
Mass. General team finds how obesity contributes to, blocks treatment of pancreatic cancer [Massachusetts General Hospital] Blocking signaling pathways that promote fibrosis in tumor microenvironment may be effective in obese patients.
NCI launches largest-ever study of breast cancer genetics in black women [National Cancer Institute] The largest study ever to investigate how genetic and biological factors contribute to breast cancer risk among black women launched today. This collaborative research project will identify genetic factors that may underlie breast cancer disparities.
	3.1 Tabac
JAMA Forum: Place Matters for Tobacco Control [JAMA] Place matters. Changing culture can restore healthy tobacco-free norms in many places. Recognizing and reinforcing successful approaches broadly can move the country toward a tobacco-free future.
	3.3 Prévention - Vaccins
HPV vaccination reduces abnormal Pap tests [Reuters] The researchers analyzed data on 10,204 women, 56 percent of whom were unvaccinated and the rest had received at least one dose of HPV vaccine before having cervical cancer screening.
	4.1 Dép., diag. & prono. - Prostate
Study Suggests Men with Metastatic Prostate Cancer Should Be Tested for Inherited Mutations [Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center] BRCA mutations don’t affect only women. Research has long suggested that men with inherited mutations in BRCA genes are at higher risk for prostate cancer. Until now, there has not been sufficient evidence for doctors to recommend routine testing for these kinds of mutations in men who have the disease.
Prostate cancer: Test for inherited risk [BBC News] Men with advanced prostate cancer could be checked for high-risk family genes because they are fairly common, affect treatment and can be passed on to their children, say experts.
	4.10 Dép., diag. & prono. - FDA, EMA, NICE,...
White House proposes measures to speed genomic test development [Reuters] The U.S. Food and Drug Administration said it planned to issue a proposal to create performance standards to guide development of next generation sequencing (NGS) tests. These tests scan a person's DNA and identify genetic differences that could be responsible for a patient's symptoms.
FDA advances Precision Medicine Initiative by issuing draft guidances on next generation sequencing-based tests [FDA] When the guidances are finalized, adherence to them will offer appropriate flexible and adaptive regulatory oversight of these tests, while allowing for variations in development and validation and accommodating the rapid evolution of NGS technologies.
	4.12 Biopsies liquides
Analysis of tumour DNA from blood could predict bowel cancer recurrence [Cancer Research UK] Based on an initial tissue sample taken during surgery, the team identified at least one cancer-related gene fault in the patients’ tumours. They then fished for this gene fault in blood samples taken between four and 10 weeks after surgery and then every three months for up to two years.
Blood Tests That Spot Cancer DNA Offer “Quantitative Peace of Mind” for Survivors [MIT Technology Review] The researchers found that 79 percent of patients whose blood still harbored tumor DNA after surgery eventually relapsed, while only 9.8 percent of those who tested negative did. That means doctors could be able to use the tests to determine who urgently needs further treatment.
	5.10 Traitements - Essais
Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany, and Pfizer Initiate Phase III Trial to Evaluate Avelumab as First-line Treatment for Ovarian Cancer [Pfizer] New investigational regimen will evaluate avelumab in extending progression-free survival in treatment-naïve women.
In clinical trials, for-profit review boards are taking over for hospitals. Should they? [STAT] Institutional review boards — which review all research that involves human participants — have undergone a quiet revolution in recent years, with many drug companies strongly encouraging researchers to use commercial boards, considered by many more efficient than their nonprofit counterparts.
Pfizer, Germany's Merck begin large ovarian cancer trial [Reuters] One group of patients in the Phase III study will receive avelumab in combination with platinum-based chemotherapy, the current standard of care. Others will receive chemotherapy alone, or avelumab a few weeks after receiving chemotherapy.
	5.2.2 Pharma - Fusions & Acquisitions
Sanofi Plays Hardball…And Loses [Bloomberg] Late Tuesday, the French drugmaker dropped hostile efforts to acquire oncology specialist Medivation after being granted access to its target's confidential data.
Medivation Tries to Show Why It's Worth More Than Bidders Have Offered [The Street] The company held a call after market close Wednesday for investors and analysts that touted its drug Talazoparib, a cancer treatment that is showing success in patients with ovarian and breast cancer.
	5.3 Traitements - FDA, EMA,...
Statement on the outcome of the UK referendum [EMA] EMA’s procedures and work streams continue as usual.
	5.3.4 Traitements - AMM (FDA, EMA)
Takeda Receives European Commission Approval of ADCETRIS® (brentuximab vedotin) for Consolidation Treatment in Post-Transplant Hodgkin Lymphoma [Takeda] Approval based on AETHERA Phase 3 data demonstrating 75 percent improvement in progression-free survival (PFS) for patients treated with ADCETRIS as consolidation therapy immediately following autologous stem cell transplant (ASCT).
	5.4 Traitements - Economie
Pfizer Drug Wins U.K. Support Following Overhaul of Cancer Fund [Bloomberg] Bosulif recommended for NHS use in treating leukemia patients; drug costs $58,000 a year before discounts from Pfizer.
	5.6 ESMO
ESMO Releases New Consensus Guidelines on the Management of Metastatic Colorectal Cancer [ESMO] Guidelines reflect personalised treatment approach.
	6. Lutte contre les cancers
Applying an Implementation Science Approach to Genomic Medicine: Workshop Summary [The National Academies Press] Some of the major barriers impeding the incorporation of new genomic technology into clinical practice are: the difficulty of changing routine medical practices to account for the use of genetic testing, the limited knowledge of patients and providers about genomic medicine, assessing sufficient evidence to support the use of genetic tests, privacy and data security issues, and uncertainty about reimbursement.
Scripps gets record $120M to change medicine [SanDiegoUnionTribune] Dr. Eric Topol will co-lead the effort to enroll and engage 1 million Americans in a study that will deeply explore people’s health and regularly provide them with information that they can share with their doctors.
NIH awards $55 million to build million-person precision medicine study [NIH] With these awards, NIH is on course to begin initial enrollment into the PMI Cohort Program in 2016, with the aim of meeting its enrollment goal by 2020.
	6.10.1 Politiques (USA)
Recruitment Goal In Obama Precision Med Study: 1M in 3 or 4 Years [Xconomy] If all goes well, the first participants could sign up in November. “We’re curious to know whether we’ll be deluged or have to work harder to get the word out,” said Collins.
Obama Seeks To Make Mark On Genetic Medicine [Forbes] After a few weeks of hype around his administration’s efforts to speed cancer research, officials tonight announced plans to kickstart efforts around his Precision Medicine Initiative.
	6.7 DMP, Big Data & applis
Call for a full conversation with the public on sharing health data [PHG Foundation] Dame Fiona Caldicott’s latest review proposes a new consent / opt-out model for patient health records to be developed through a full conversation with the public.
NHS data-sharing project scrapped [BBC News] The programme, which was due to launch in 2014, faced widespread criticism - including fears the public had been left in the dark about it.
NHS to scrap single database of patients' medical details [The Guardian] Care.data scheme to close after Fiona Caldicott review calls for tougher measures to keep information confidential.