Onco Actu du 22 juin 2016

	2.5 Etiologie - Gènes
Landmark study gives clearest picture of genetic causes of bowel cancer [The Institute of Cancer Research] The study, largely funded by Cancer Research UK, also concluded that the major genes that greatly increase the risk of bowel cancer have now almost certainly been found.
	3.4 Chimioprévention
Lab study ‘sheds new light’ on BRCA-linked breast cancer [Cancer Research UK] The lab-based findings need confirming in clinical studies, but could offer a new way to prevent breast cancers linked to inherited faults in the BRCA1 gene.
	4. Dépistage, diagnostic et pronostic
Study finds patient navigators improve comprehensive cancer screening rates [Massachusetts General Hospital] Proactive outreach increases the likelihood that low-income and ethnic minority patients will receive cancer screening.
	5. Traitements
Watch our Google Hangout about drug discovery and making new medicines (Part 1 of 2) [Cancer Research UK] What goes on behind the scenes in the lab? How do scientists discover new drugs, and how can these be ‘designed’ to home in on cancer? What makes a good medicine, and what are the challenges we face?
	5.12 Immunothérapies
Federal Oversight Group Has Complaints But Says Yes To CRISPR Trial [Xconomy] In response to questions about the conflict of interest and a timeline for the trial, a spokeswoman emailed a statement that said Penn Medicine “was pleased” by the vote and looks forward to presenting the trial for FDA review. It did not address the conflict or timelines.
First proposed human test of CRISPR passes initial safety review [Science] The proposed clinical trial, in which researchers would use CRISPR to engineer immune cells to fight cancer, won approval from the Recombinant DNA Advisory Committee (RAC) at the U.S. National Institutes of Health, a panel that has traditionally vetted the safety and ethics of gene therapy trials funded by the U.S. government and others.
Federal advisory committee greenlights first CRISPR clinical trial [Nature News & Comment] This first trial is small and designed to test whether CRISPR is safe for use in people, rather than whether it cures cancer or not. It will be funded by a US$250 million immunotherapy foundation formed in April by former Facebook president Sean Parker.
	5.4 Traitements - Economie
Nice backs two cancer drugs from Novartis [Pharmafile] The independent committee that appraised the drug concluded that ceritinib was likely to prolong life in people whose disease had progressed after prior treatment. In addition, Nice recommended Mekinist (trametinib) in combination with Tafinlar (dabrafenib) to treat a type of skin cancer that has spread and can’t be surgically removed.
Ceritinib for previously treated anaplastic lymphoma kinase positive non-small-cell lung cancer [NICE] Ceritinib is recommended, within its marketing authorisation, as an option for treating advanced anaplastic lymphoma kinase positive non‑small‑cell lung cancer in adults who have previously had crizotinib. The drug is recommended only if the company provides it with the discount agreed in the patient access scheme.
More health plans want to pay for drugs based on patient outcomes [STAT] In these arrangements, a health plan may get an extra discount from a drug maker if a medicine does not help patients as much as expected, or a drug maker may get a credit toward a rebate provided to a health plan.
	6. Lutte contre les cancers
The ups and downs of data sharing in science [Nature News & Comment] The risk is that someone who volunteers their DNA could see their medical problems opened to public scrutiny. This is a legitimate concern for many researchers, and is one reason why data sharing is easier said than done.
	6.10 Politiques
Landmark effort to speed drug approvals nears critical phase in Congress [STAT] The big problem right now is how to pay for the billions of dollars of medical research funding that would accompany the policy changes.
	6.6 Publications
Highly cited cancer researcher logs 8th, 9th retractions [Retraction Watch] Bharat Aggarwal, a highly cited cancer researcher who retired last year from MD Anderson, has logged two retractions following an investigation into his work, bringing his total to nine.
	6.7 DMP, Big Data & applis
Making NHS data public is not the same as making it accessible – we can and should do better [The Guardian] There are many ways to present surgical results that may make perfect sense to statisticians but are far from easy for anyone else to understand or interpret.
	6.8 Communication
Patient anecdotes as a public relations tool [HealthNewsReview] PR departments routinely pitch patients with rosy outcomes to journalists in the hope that a positive story will ensue, and they are often rewarded.
	6.9 Controverses
Clinical Research’s Flaws Highlighted By Stanford’s John Ioannidis [Scope Blog] In a new paper with a provocative title, “Why most clinical research is not useful,” John Ioannidis, MD, DSc, makes the case that despite its name, much research that aims to improve outcomes in the clinic falls short, in part, because it isn’t designed to lead “to a favorable change in decision making… either by itself or when integrated with other studies and evidence.”