Onco Actu du 9 mai 2016

	1. Biologie
Shining a light on bladder cancer [Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard] Researchers scrutinize patterns of mutations in bladder tumor genomes, gleaning insights into the roles of DNA repair and tobacco-related DNA damage.
	2.4 Etiologie - Portables, ondes e-m
New study: no increase in brain cancer across 29 years of mobile use in Australia [The Conversation] There were significant increases in brain cancer incidence only in those aged 70 years or more. But the increase in incidence in this age group began from 1982, before the introduction of mobile phones in 1987 and so could not be explained by it. Here, the most likely explanation of the rise in this older age group was improved diagnosis.
	3.1 Tabac
India's ITC resumes cigarette production with larger health warnings [Reuters] India's biggest cigarette maker, ITC Ltd, said on Monday it had resumed production in phases, complying with new rules on pictorial warnings from the federal government.
UK’s policy on standardised tobacco packaging given EU backing [Cancer Research UK] The court also confirmed that EU Member States can go further than the requirements set out in the Directive with regard to packaging.
California raises age to purchase tobacco to 21 [Reuters] Under five bills signed into law on Wednesday, California will ban the sale of vaping products or tobacco to anyone under the age of 21, imposing a fine of up to $5,000 against companies that violate the law.
India's ITC shuts cigarette plants from May 4 [Reuters] "...the Company has had to shut its cigarette factories from May 04, 2016 until the Company is in a position to comply with the interim requirements pending hearing in the Karnataka High Court," the statement said.
Extending Authorities to All Tobacco Products, Including E-Cigarettes, Cigars, and Hookah [FDA] This final rule goes into effect on August 8, 2016.
	3.1.1 Tabac - e-cigs
We Need To Fill The Gap Between What We Know And Don’t Know About E-cigarettes [Health Affairs] Let’s close the gap. The FDA’s regulations will play an important role in shaping the e-cigarette conversation now and moving forward, but it’s up to all of us in the research and academic communities to propose and execute the necessary studies to provide answers to these questions.
The Wild West of e-cigarettes just ended with a new, sweeping federal rule [Vox] Not all public health advocates will be happy with the new regulations.
Doctors see big loophole in FDA action against e-cigarettes and want it closed [LA Times] “FDA passed up critical opportunities in this rule by failing to prohibit the sale of tobacco products coming in flavors like cotton candy, gummy bear and grape,”Dr. Benard P. Dreyer, president of the American Academy of Pediatrics, said in a statement.
E-cigarettes' effect on public health an open question, which the FDA will try to answer [LA Times] "Neither the most vocal proponents nor opponents of e-cigarettes will be completely satisfied, but I believe that the public will be served by these regulations,” added Brandon, who is the lead investigator of $3.6 million FDA grant to explore the new devices' relative harms and benefits.
FDA issues sweeping regulations for e-cigarettes for first time [STAT] The 499-page final rule would require regulatory reviews for electronic cigarettes, cigars, and other products that went on sale after Feb. 15, 2007, unless the manufacturers can prove to FDA that they’re “substantially equivalent” to products that were already being sold or that there is some other reason they should be exempt.
	4. Dépistage, diagnostic et pronostic
Using molecular imaging to take a snapshot of cancer and its treatment [The Institute of Cancer Research] “We developed an affibody-based biomarker which can be detected within an hour, rather than days, after injection,” explains Dr Kramer-Marek.
	4.12 Biopsies liquides
Foundation Medicine Announces Commercial Launch of Liquid Biopsy Assay, FoundationACT™ [Foundation Medicine] Blood-based Genomic Profiling Assay Provides New Option for Cancer Patients Who Are Not Candidates for Tissue Biopsy.
	5. Traitements
Laser brain cancer treatment may bring extra advantage [Reuters] "So not only are you killing the tumor, you are actually opening up a window of opportunity to deliver various drugs and chemicals and therapies that could otherwise not get there."
Nanoparticles Mix It Up With Reality [In the Pipeline] None of these issues are (in theory) unsolvable, but it’s equally clear that no one has solved them yet.
	5.12 Immunothérapies
Second baby gets Cellectis designer cells to clear leukaemia [Reuters] Cellectis shares jumped 14 percent following Friday's news.
14th CIMT Annual Meeting [CIMT] Mechanisms of Efficacy in Cancer Immunotherapy - May 10-12 2016
	5.12.2 Immunothérapies - CAR-T
Rockstar researcher licenses out new CAR-T platform to upstart [FierceBiotech] PureTech has launched a preclinical biotech today that begins life with a new CAR-T platform licensed from the Pulitzer Prize-winning oncologist Dr. Siddhartha Mukherjee.
	5.2 Pharma
FDA grants Eli Lilly a priority review for soft tissue sarcoma drug [FierceBiotech] The drug works as a PDGFRα antagonist, with this protein often found on the surface of cells where it is thought to play a role in regulating cell multiplication.
Phase III Trial of Regorafenib in Patients with Unresectable Liver Cancer Meets Primary Endpoint of Improving Overall Survival [Bayer] Detailed efficacy and safety analyses from this study are expected to be presented at an upcoming scientific congress. Bayer plans to submit data from the RESORCE study as the basis for marketing authorization of regorafenib in the treatment of unresectable HCC in 2016.
	5.2.2 Pharma - Fusions & Acquisitions
Amgen Said to Join Health-Care Pack Weighing Medivation Bids [Bloomberg] Amgen is speaking with advisers as it evaluates whether to make an offer, the people said, asking not to be identified because the deliberations are private.
Medivation Reiterates Rejection of Sanofi's Substantially Inadequate Proposal [Medivation] Medivation notes that Sanofi's letter simply restates an inadequate proposal that the Medivation Board of Directors has already determined substantially undervalues the Company, its leading oncology franchise, and innovative late-stage pipeline.
Sanofi Sends Letter to Medivation’s Board of Directors [Sanofi] You should know that an acquisition of Medivation is a priority for Sanofi and we are committed to effecting it. If you are not prepared to engage with us, we have no choice but to go directly to your shareholders.
	5.2.3 Pharma - économie
Clovis hatchets 35% of staff and buries its lung cancer drug roci [FierceBiotech] The company immediately switched focus for the next drug in its pipeline, touting plans to complete a rolling submission of its NDA for rucaparib as a treatment for ovarian cancer in Q2.
Clovis Oncology Announces Q1 2016 Operating Results and Corporate Update [Clovis Oncology] Clovis has terminated enrollment in all ongoing sponsored studies of rociletinib, including TIGER-3.
	5.3 Traitements - FDA, EMA,...
Regulating Precision Medicine: Capacity vs. Overreach [RAPS] The researchers point to the quagmire at hand for FDA and others, noting that on the one hand, regulators need to ensure the capacity of existing regulatory structures is adequate to respond to emerging genomic sequencing, gene editing and other technologies, but on the other hand, “regulatory overlap and confusion,” is a risk, as is “a veritable ‘regulatory soup’ that could drown the promised advances in precision medicine.”
	5.4 Traitements - Economie
Focus: Governments evaluate policies, reforms as drug pricing debate rages on [Pharmafile] Jointly the seven nations constitute a huge market for pharmaceutical products and any collective move will be a powerful one. However, formulation and implementation of sustainable and effective reforms will need time and consent.
Independent group finds multiple myeloma drugs too costly in U.S [Reuters] The group said it found insufficient evidence to determine a health benefit for multiple myeloma regimens containing Farydak, Pomalyst or Darzalex, due to the structure of clinical trials for those drugs.
Merck fights with New Zealand over coverage of its Keytruda cancer drug [STAT] Pharmac, the government agency that decides whether coverage will be funded, has so far refused to endorse Keytruda. The agency contends evidence is lacking to verify whether the drug helps melanoma patients live longer compared with other new melanoma treatments or standard chemotherapy.
	5.9 AACR
More pieces of the jigsaw fall into place at the 2016 AACR Conference [Cancer Research UK] Until recently, cancer metabolism experts didn’t often mix with, say, immunologists. Researchers studying how cells communicate often compared notes with each other, but less often with the cancer geneticists. And lab-based researchers were seldom heard from in clinical trials circles.
AACR Annual Meeting 2016: A Different Approach to Explaining Environment and Accident in Causing Cancer [CANCER RESEARCH Catalyst] “Using our mathematical approach, we found that with the exception of environmental factors such as smoking, ultraviolet (UV) radiation, and diet, which are associated with some cancers, in most cases, cancer-driving mutations are largely random chance occurrences.”
	6. Lutte contre les cancers
Encore une fois [The Economist] The genomic era arrives. And this time it’s probably real.
	6.1 Observation
Are medical errors really the third most common cause of death in the U.S.? [Science-Based medicine] Preventable deaths include, yes, deaths from medical error, but they also include deaths that, for example, might have been prevented if patient deterioration was picked up sooner. Whether not picking up such deterioration is an “error” or the result of a problem in the system might or might not be clear.
Superficial coverage of medical errors could leave erroneous impression with readers [HealthNewsReview] The paper did not attempt to assess trends in the rate of medical error-related deaths, nor did it collect any new data. So it’s dubious to suggest — without explanation — that errors are “now” coming into 3rd place.
	6.10 Politiques
France’s research minister lays out his priorities [Nature News & Comment] Thierry Mandon on cutting red tape, French researchers’ self-effacement and shaking up social science.
Moonshot Director Addresses AAADV Workshop [The Cancer Letter] I forgot to mention the most important about any kind of effort like the moonshot and that is, you have to believe this is possible. If you don’t believe it’s possible, how do you get out of bed every day?
FDA's Critics Call for Full Integration of Oncology Center Under Biden's Moonshot [The Cancer Letter] Oncology insiders say the manner in which the presidential initiative will be implemented could make the difference between political balderdash and genuine improvement in FDA regulation of cancer therapies. The entire controversy boils down to the interpretation of one word: Virtual.
	6.11 Patients
'I was too embarrassed to talk about my periods' [BBC News] Womb cancer is the fourth most common cancer in women in the UK, with around 9,000 cases diagnosed each year, but it is rarely mentioned or talked about - even among women.
	6.4 Médico-éco
Cancer costs too high for average Welsh family, charity says [BBC News] Macmillan Cancer Support estimates the disease costs people diagnosed in Wales about £760 a month. The average family would be left with a shortfall of about £270 per month, the charity has estimated.
	6.5 Médecines alternatives
Australian blogger who claimed natural remedies cured her cancer admits: 'None of it is true' [The Telegraph] The state of Victoria’s consumer watchdog launched action in Australia’s federal court against the 24-year-old over her claim that she overcame brain cancer without resorting to conventional medicine – a claim she used to promote The Whole Pantry, her internationally successful phone app and cookbook.
	6.6 Publications
Cancer paper that doctored image from Science story earns retraction [Retraction Watch] This paper in Lung Cancer contains a very nice electron microscopy image of isolated exosomes (Fig. 3C). However, this image is composed by cutting and pasting exosomes out of a figure in a Science paper by Jennifer Couzin published in 2005.
	6.7 DMP, Big Data & applis
How the ‘internet of DNA’ could solve the mystery of this boy’s disease [The Star] Creating an Internet of DNA is far trickier than inventing the World Wide Web ever was — the inventor of HTML, for one, never had to worry about protecting patient privacy or ensuring responsible use of the data being shared.
	6.9 Controverses
For science to improve, let’s put the right prizes on offer [STAT] The important thing is to encourage a frank discussion of why today’s incentives are driving science in the wrong direction, and of potential alternatives.
Stand By Your Data With Some Cash [In the Pipeline] I’d like to see Rosenblatt’s proposal tried, but if you’re going to wait for the universities to try it, you’re going to have a long wait.
Google's NHS deal does not bode well for the future of data-sharing [The Guardian] Privacy concerns enable companies to avoid the scrutiny that is crucial to reaping public benefits from patient data.
DeepMind has best privacy infrastructure for handling NHS data, says co-founder [The Guardian] DeepMind’s co-founder, Mustafa Suleyman, said the company was better placed than any other to handle sensitive medical data, given its long history of securing highly personal information from other fields.
Time for sharing data to become routine: the seven excuses for not doing so are all invalid [F1000Research] All of these barriers can be overcome and researchers should be rewarded for sharing data. Data sharing must become routine.