Onco Actu du 20 avril 2016

	3.1 Tabac
FDA launches first ad campaign focused on dangers of smokeless tobacco among rural teens [FDA] “The Real Cost” extension draws attention to harmful rite of passage for many at-risk teenagers.
U.S. House committee votes to smooth e-cigarette regulatory path [Reuters] "What happened today is a big boost of momentum for the industry," said Arnaud Dumas de Rauly, treasurer of the Vapor Technology Association, which represents manufacturers and businesses.
	5. Traitements
What A Toddler And Her Tumor Can Teach Us About Cancer Research [Forbes] But the cancer-gene-target approach needs a major overhaul. The strategy of hoping that small companies will make developing the next gene-targeted drug work, just barely, and then probably by charging an exorbitant price is not going to get us where we need to go.
	5.12 Immunothérapies
The list of cancers that can be treated by immunotherapy keeps growing [Washington Post] Researchers say these advances suggest the treatment approach is poised to become a critical part of the nation’s anti-cancer strategy.
Immuno-oncology market to hit $34 billion by 2024 [European Pharmaceutical Review] Ono/Bristol-Myers Squibb’s Opdivo and Schering Plough/Merck and Co.’s Keytruda are set to be the highest-selling immuno-oncology drugs, with GlobalData forecasting multi-blockbuster sales of around $10 billion and $7 billion by 2024, respectively.
	5.2 Pharma
Pfizer Announces Positive Top-Line Results for Phase 3 PALOMA-2 Clinical Trial of IBRANCE® (palbociclib) [Pfizer] Detailed efficacy and safety results from PALOMA-2 will be submitted for presentation at the American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) 2016 Annual Meeting.
	5.2.2 Pharma - Fusions & Acquisitions
OSE Pharma, effimune mergiong to create European immunotherapy company [Pharma Intelligence] Costantini says the new company, to be called OSE Immunotherapeutics, will be a significant player in activation and regulation immunotherapies
	5.9.1 AACR - sein
Agendia’s MammaPrint® First and Only Genomic Assay to Receive Level 1A Clinical Utility Evidence for Chemotherapy Benefit in Early Breast Cancer Patients [Agendia] The MINDACT trial is managed and sponsored by the EORTC as part of an extensive and complex partnership in collaboration with Agendia and BIG, and many other academic and commercial partners, as well as patient advocates.
Test could spare breast cancer patients unnecessary chemotherapy [Cancer Research UK] The study enrolled 6693 patients, who were followed up for five years on average. The results suggest that using MammaPrint would lead to a 14 per cent reduction in prescriptions of chemotherapy, with no change in survival.
	5.9.4 AACR - poumon
ARIAD Announces Results of Preclinical Studies on AP32788 at the Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research [ARIAD] First Presentation of Preclinical Data Supports Upcoming Clinical Testing in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Patients with EGFR and HER2 Exon 20 Mutations.
	5.9.5 AACR - T-cell immunothérapies
Kite Pharma Presents Updated Phase 1 Results from ZUMA-1 at the American Association of Cancer Research (AACR) Annual Meeting [Kite] KTE-C19 is an investigational therapy in which a patient's T cells are genetically modified to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) that is designed to target the antigen CD19, a protein expressed on the cell surface of B cell lymphomas and leukemias.
New Technology Can Potentially Overcome CAR T-cell Immunotherapy Limitations [AACR] “Our new CAR T-cell design allows for more sensitive control of the rate of tumor lysis and cytokine release, enabling the physician to permanently terminate the cell-killing process as soon as the cancer has been eliminated from the body and avoid sustained off-target toxicity to healthy cells.”
	5.9.7 AACR - divers
AACR 2016: CRISPR as a Screening Tool for Drug Targets [GEN] In one of the major symposiums at AACR—titled CRISPR in Drug Discovery—a group of investigators presented data that showed how the genome editing technology could be employed as a screening tool for identifying or validating druggable cancer genes.
An Implantable Microdevice Has Potential to Identify Suitable Therapy for Cancer Patients [AACR] A microdevice implanted into a tumor could release up to 100 individual cancer therapeutics or combinations, and upon retrieval from the tumor and analyses, could identify the best treatment option for that tumor, according to preclinical research.
New Mathematical Model May Help Better Define Roles of Environmental and Intrinsic Factors in Cancer Initiation [AACR] "Using our mathematical approach, we found that with the exception of environmental factors such as smoking, ultraviolet (UV) radiation, and diet, which are associated with some cancers, in most cases, cancer-driving mutations are largely random chance occurrences."
Noninvasive Test Detected Colorectal Cancer in Previously Unscreened Patients [AACR] “We were interested to see whether the ‘real-life’ experience with Cologuard in clinical practice would be similar to the results seen in the clinical trial,” Prince said. The patients’ clinicians offered Cologuard screening to patients who had not had a colonoscopy screening in 10 or more years, or a fecal occult blood test in a year or more.
​Certain Oral Bacteria Associated With Increased Pancreatic Cancer Risk​ [AACR] These data do not show a causal relationship, but they are the first steps in understanding a potential new risk factor for pancreatic cancer, which is vital if we are to develop new approaches for pancreatic cancer prevention and early detection in the future.”
	5.9.9 AACR - immunothérapies
​​​Pembrolizumab Yielded Durable Responses in Patients With Advanced Merkel Cell Carcinoma [AACR] About 2,000 new cases of MCC are diagnosed in the United States per year. MCC is 35-fold less common than melanoma, but on average, it is about three times more likely to kill a patient than melanoma.
First Presentation of Overall Survival Data for Opdivo® (nivolumab) Shows Significant Survival Benefit at One-Year Versus Investigator’s Choice in Recurrent or Metastatic Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Head and Neck [BMS] The one-year survival rate for Opdivo was 36% compared to 16.6% for investigator’s choice. The safety profile of Opdivo in CheckMate -141 was consistent with prior studies, with no new safety signals identified.
Nivolumab Improved Survival For Patients With Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma [AACR] CheckMate-141 was a randomized, phase III clinical trial designed to determine whether the PD-1 inhibitor nivolumab could extend overall survival for patients with platinum-refractory recurrent or metastatic head and neck squamous cell carcinoma compared with treatment of the investigator’s choice, which was any of the commonly used therapeutics docetaxel, methotrexate, or cetuximab.
Studies show continued promise for immunotherapy drugs [Cancer Research UK] The new results confirm their benefit for some of these patients, and also suggested they can help certain patients with head and neck cancers, and those with a rare, virus-linked skin cancer called Merkel cell carcinoma.
Drug doubles chance of surviving head and neck cancer for a year, trial shows [The Telegraph] The trial, led by Professor Kevin Harrington, of the Institute of Cancer Research in London, was so successful that it was stopped early so that all patients could be moved over to the new medication.
AACR Annual Meeting 2016: Exciting Immunotherapy Advances Confirm Long-term Benefit, Offer Hope for More Cancer Types [CANCER RESEARCH Catalyst] These results emphasized that immunotherapies have not just arrived, they are here to stay.
Bristol-Myers' Opdivo extends survival in head and neck cancer -study [Reuters] Opdivo treatment led to a 30 percent reduction in risk of death, with median overall survival of 7.5 months in the 361-patient trial, compared with 5.1 months for those who received any of three commonly used treatments chosen by researchers.
	6. Lutte contre les cancers
Uganda's only cancer treatment machine breaks, patients left waiting [Reuters] Thousands of cancer patients in Uganda will be left untreated for months after the nation's only radiotherapy machine broke down, triggering public criticism about underfunding in the health system weeks after the president's re-election.
	6.10 Politiques
Windfall for cancer research sets off a scramble for clout [STAT] “If it was the brain cancer doctors, it was ‘We deserve more than you do.’ The prostate guys, ovarian cancer, every group focusing on a particular piece of cancer felt that they should be getting more of the money, and that there was money going to others that they could do something better with.”
	6.4 Médico-éco
Personalised medicine in the US: does higher spending mean better care? [PHG Foundation] Additional funding may facilitate research and development but money is not a cure-all. The US continues to grapple with common and also unique barriers to implementing personalised medicine.
	6.5 Médecines alternatives
Another young woman with cancer, lured into quackery by Ty Bollinger [Respectful Insolence] What angers me are the quacks who seduced her with their siren song of a no-pain cure for her disease and the press, which, despite its perfunctory and obligatory quoting of cancer experts saying how ineffective these treatments are, presents stories like Gleeson’s in a glamorous light. It’s a combination that kills.
	6.7 DMP, Big Data & applis
European Cloud Initiative to boost Europe's data-driven economy [PHG Foundation] The 6.7 billion European Cloud Initiative will involve the creation of a new European Open Science Cloud which will offer 1.7 million researchers and 70 million science and technology professionals ‘a virtual environment to store, share and re-use their data across disciplines and borders.
	6.9 Controverses
NIH Halts Some Research Amid Concerns Over Contamination And Safety [NPR] The cell therapy research is run by a scientific superstar named Dr. Steven Rosenberg, chief of surgery at the National Cancer Institute.
Statement on Review of NIH Sterile Production Facilities [National Institutes of Health] There is no evidence that any patients have been harmed, but a rigorous clinical review will be undertaken. NIH will not enroll new patients in affected trials until the issues are resolved.