Onco Actu du 14 mars 2016

	1. Biologie
Cancer ‘master control switch’ could help tumours hide from immune system [Cancer Research UK] “What this study in mice shows is that Myc may also help cancer cells avoid the immune system, adding to our understanding of how faulty Myc helps cancer cells grow,” he said. “The next step will be to see if this is also true in patients, which could open the door to new treatments.”
	2. Etiologie
Virility drug may boost skin cancer growth [Universität Tübingen] “We are assuming that Sildenafil and possibly other PDE5 inhibitors could first and foremost reinforce the growth of existing melanomas – particularly if these medications are taken frequently and in high dosages.”
	4. Dépistage, diagnostic et pronostic
Deep Learning in Medical Imaging: The Not-so-near Future [Diagnostic Imaging] Even IBM would acknowledge that this “holy grail” of artificial intelligence in medical imaging is probably several years down the line. In all likelihood, it will assist in phasing in different use cases, gradually transitioning from “soft” use cases to “hard” use cases.
	4.10 Dép., diag. & prono. - FDA, EMA, NICE,...
Genetic Testing Needs To Get Better, And The FDA Wants To Help [Fast Company] For about $1,000, companies can read your DNA, but not without mistakes. The U.S. government is trying to help them do a better job of it.
	4.2 Dép., diag. & prono. - Génome
Genetic Tests May Not Reveal a Clear Treatment Path for Breast Cancer [NY Times] Dr. Campbell is, however, confident that someday genetic testing in breast cancer will bear fruit. For now, she says, oncologists are left in a difficult situation. Should they even suggest genetic tests? “We are trying to find avenues of hope that aren’t just avenues of hype,” she said.
	5. Traitements
Two-Armed Cancer Killers Emerging to Rival Custom Cell Therapies [Bloomberg] Called bispecifics, these treatments have two distinct arms to grab onto proteins on the surfaces of different cells. One end hooks onto the cancer and one end latches onto the immune cell. Once they’re connected, the immune cell moves in for the kill.
	5.10 Traitements - Essais
‘Unprecedented’ breast cancer trial results explained [Cancer Research UK] Following this, the researchers will need to run clinical trials to see if these women really can avoid chemotherapy treatment and if the current standard of care for some HER2 positive breast cancer patients can and should be changed.
	5.2 Pharma
Corvus shoots for $80M in an IPO to support its immuno-oncology pipeline [FierceBiotech] With the funds, Corvus plans to push forward with four cancer therapies in early development. The most advanced, CPI-444, targets one of the body's G protein-coupled receptors to help the immune system home in on cancers, and Corvus began a Phase I trial in patients with solid tumors in January.
	5.2.1 Pharma - Partenariats
GlaxoSmithKline dumps Five Prime's cancer drug in the midst of Phase I [FierceBiotech] The decision follows GSK's January move to stop developing FP-1039 in squamous non-small cell lung cancer due to the rise of immuno-oncology therapies from Merck, Bristol-Myers Squibb and others, citing a "change in treatment paradigms."
	5.2.3 Pharma - économie
Bristol Bucks Trend Toward Precision Medicine [Wall Street Journal] A key reason, according to Bristol officials and doctors: Many oncologists don’t have time to run the diagnostic test that must be used with Merck’s drug, Keytruda, which screens tumors for a protein called PD-L1 that signals the drug might work.
	5.3 Traitements - FDA, EMA,...
EMA reviews cancer medicine Zydelig [EMA] The review has been started because an increased rate of serious adverse events including deaths, mostly due to infections, was seen in three clinical trials investigating the medicine in combination with other cancer medicines.
	5.3.4 Traitements - AMM (FDA, EMA)
XALKORI® (crizotinib) Approved by U.S. FDA for the Treatment of Patients with ROS1-Positive Metastatic Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer [Pfizer] The approval is based on a multicenter, single-arm Phase 1 study (Study 1001) that included 50 patients with ROS1-positive metastatic NSCLC treated with 250 mg of XALKORI orally twice daily. The efficacy outcome measures in this study were objective response rate and duration of response.
FDA expands use of Xalkori to treat rare form of advanced non-small cell lung cancer [FDA] Xalkori (crizotinib) is the first and only FDA approved treatment for patients with ROS-1 positive NSCLC.
FDA approves Pfizer's lung cancer drug for expanded use [Reuters] Shares of the largest U.S. drugmaker were up 2.3 percent at $30.28 on Friday on the New York Stock Exchange.
	6.1 Observation
Breast cancer: Double mastectomy rate tripled in 10 years [CNN] In the study, researchers looked at the rates of the three types of surgery among nearly 400,000 women in a National Cancer Institute database who had been diagnosed with breast cancer and had surgery between 2002 and 2012.
Double mastectomy after breast cancer is pointless for most women, experts find [The Telegraph] The majority of women who have double mastectomy would never have developed cancer in the healthy tissue, new research shows.
	6.11 Patients
Why I gave up my job to go travelling after a double mastectomy [The Guardian] After losing my mother and sister to breast cancer I didn’t want to suffer the same fate. But after the operation, my career suddenly felt unimportant.