Onco Actu du 16 décembre 2015

	1. Biologie
Many unexpected genetic variants hamper personalised medicine [Karolinska Institutet] In recent decades much hope was based on the development of personalised drug treatments, in which genetic tests determine the choice and optimal dose of medication for each individual patient. However, the real breakthrough is still to be seen, and now researchers at Karolinska Institutet show in two separate scientific papers that many more gene variants affect how a person responds to medication than previously thought – and thus that today’s analytical tools are too coarse.
Watching Cancer on the Move [The Scientist] Fibroblasts help tumors metastasize by paving a “migration highway” through the extracellular matrix, scientists report.
	2.11 Etiologie - Alimentation
Watch our Google Hangout about meat and cancer risk [Cancer Research UK] We were joined by two experts in this area – Dr Kathryn Bradbury from the University of Oxford and Professor Owen Sansom from our Beatson Institute in Glasgow – to explore the evidence that red and processed meat are linked to an increased risk of cancer. We also talked about the possible biological mechanisms behind a link, and discuss how people can reduce their risk of cancer.
	3.1 Tabac
Smoking 'linked to earlier menopause' [BBC News] Though they cannot be certain of the long-term health consequences of these findings, they point out that previous studies have linked earlier menopause to a risk of earlier death. But early menopause has also been associated with a lower risk of certain diseases, including breast cancer.
Smoking, secondhand smoke tied to infertility and early menopause [Reuters] Hyland and colleagues analyzed data on 88,732 U.S. women who enrolled in the Women's Health Initiative Observational Study between 1993 and 1998, when they were between the ages of 50 and 79.
	3.3 Prévention - Vaccins
Healthcare staff think gay and bisexual men should be given HPV jab [Cancer Research UK] Around two-thirds of professionals who work in sexual health think the human papillomavirus (HPV) jab should be given to men who have sex with men. And around 14 per cent already give the vaccine to these men even though there are no GP guidelines available from NHS England.
	4. Dépistage, diagnostic et pronostic
Birds, hares, and tortoises: What do they have to do with the recent news on cancer screening? [HealthNewsReview] But just as routine screening is misguided, I think it’s equally unfortunate for public health stakeholders to actively steer patients away from testing. A few weeks ago, CMS proposed to penalize physicians for ordering PSA tests for patients in whom screening is not recommended—which, according to the USPSTF, is everyone.
	5. Traitements
Scientists Study Whether Hyperthermia Treatment Makes Chemo More Effective [Wall Street Journal] Studies have found raising the temperature of organs and cells seems to make some cancer treatments more effective.
	5.10 Traitements - Essais
NIH-funded trials dip, industry trials on the rise [Reuters] NIH-funded trials dipped slightly from 1,376 in 2006 to 1,048 in 2014, while industry trials increased from 4,585 to 6,550.
	5.2.1 Pharma - Partenariats
Bristol-Myers lends Opdivo to a combo with Neon's neoantigen attack on cancer - FierceBiotech Bristol-Myers Squibb is lending its game-changing PD-1 drug Opdivo for a combo therapy with Neon's lead drug, NEO-PV-01, which is concentrating on the burgeoning field of neoantigen research in the hunt for a new and personalized way to spur an immune system attack on cancer.
	5.2.2 Pharma - Fusions & Acquisitions
AstraZeneca chases Acerta to secure next cancer drug winner [Reuters] The Wall Street Journal had reported on Friday that the British drugmaker was looking to buy Acerta for more than $5 billion to gain access to its experimental blood cancer drug acalabrutinib.
	5.2.3 Pharma - économie
GamaMabs raises €15M to take immune-activating cancer candidate into the clinic [FierceBiotech] Toulouse, France-based GamaMabs pocketed the cash on the strength of its lead candidate, GM102, and the platform that has enabled its development.
Bayer takes control of Compugen cancer program, pays out milestone [FierceBiotech] Tel Aviv, Israel-based Compugen has received $15 million of the money for hitting preclinical goals relating to CGEN-15001T. Having generated evidence of activity in preclinical cancer immunotherapy models, Compugen has passed the program on to Bayer.
	5.3 Traitements - FDA, EMA,...
Reciprocal Approval of Drugs, According to Ted Cruz and Bill Lee [In the Pipeline] And here’s another one: “If a promising application for a life-saving drug is declined Congress is granted the authority to disapprove of a denied application and override an FDA decision with a majority vote via a joint resolution”. Now that’s a first. And it’s a really bad idea.
	5.3.4 Traitements - AMM (FDA, EMA)
FDA Approves New Targeted Therapeutic for Lung Cancer [CANCER RESEARCH Catalyst] Alectinib is the fifth new anticancer therapeutic approved by the FDA for treating patients with NSCLC in the past three months and seventh in 2015.
	5.4 Traitements - Economie
Kadcyla breast cancer drug 'too expensive' for NHS, says NICE [BBC News] The final guidelines from NICE say the price tag per patient - £90,000 at full cost - is not tenable. Manufacturer Roche says it offered a discount - the same one it used to cut a deal with the Cancer Drugs Fund. Women in England will still be able to get Kadcyla through this fund for now.
Kadcyla price too high for routine NHS funding, says NICE in final guidance [NICE] NICE has issue its final guidance on the use of Kadcyla (trastuzumab-emtansine) as a treatment for a type of advanced breast cancer.
UK cost agency turns down Bristol immunotherapy for lung cancer [Reuters] In draft guidance issued on Wednesday, the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) said using Opdivo in non-small cell lung cancer after chemotherapy did not represent a cost-effective use of resources.
	5.7.3 SABCS-AACR
SABCS 2015: Attendees From 95 Countries Leave With Latest Breast Cancer Information [CANCER RESEARCH Catalyst] With the 38th annual San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium wrapped up, here are some important findings featured at the meeting, but not covered in this space in the last few days...
	6.1 Observation
Pregnancy Does Not Increase Risk of Hodgkin Lymphoma Relapse [ASCO] According to the authors, this is the first large study to specifically examine pregnancy as a potential trigger of relapse in Hodgkin lymphoma survivors. The findings are consistent with the findings of previous small studies.
	6.6 Publications
Cancer researcher cleared of misconduct, inquiry finds "genuine error or honest oversight" [Retraction Watch] The panels of inquiry found that there had been breaches by Professor Khachigian of the UNSW Research Code of Conduct, but that these breaches were the result of Professor Khachigian’s genuine error or honest oversight, not deliberate or intentional conduct.
All about ORCID [The Scholarly Kitchen] Name ambiguity is a huge problem in countries like Korea (where half the population shares one of five last names) or Latin American countries, where multiple family names are the norm. But we hadn’t predicted that researchers in health and medical sciences would share this concern.
	6.9 Controverses
Should patients be able to record their surgeries? [STAT] The power of recordings gained widespread attention this year, when a Virginia patient won a $500,000 malpractice suit after a secret audio recording revealed his doctors made vicious comments about him while he was sedated during a colonoscopy.