Onco Actu du 3 novembre 2015

	1. Biologie
Where cancers spread to depends on cellular ‘soil prep’ [Cancer Research UK] It turns out that instead of finding already fertile soil, cancer cells might actually be ploughing their own furrow in advance of spreading there. And, crucially, the discovery could one day help make predictions about whether a tumour might spread.
British cancer scientist wins Lifetime Achievement Award [Cancer Research UK] Professor Greaves has worked at The Institute of Cancer Research, London, for the last 30 years. He began his training in zoology and immunology gaining his PhD from University College London, and became interested in cancer research after a tour of Great Ormond Street Hospital in London in the mid-1970s. He met children with leukaemia there at a time when very little was known about the disease.
NCRI 2015 – Evolutionary tales in leukaemia [The Darwin Cancer Blog] So, what’s still lacking? It’s back to epidemiology. If, as we suspect, it involves a variety of infections rather than a specific leukaemia virus (as is the case for leukaemia in cattle and cats), then providing unambiguous evidence is challenging.
	2.11 Etiologie - Alimentation
Just one steak a week can increase risk of bowel cancer, study finds [The Telegraph] In the latest study, Prof Tim Key and Dr Kathryn Bradbury looked at the records of 500,008 middle-aged British men and women aged 40 to 69, tracking their meat consumption for a four year period.
Why Is the World Health Organization so Bad at Communicating Cancer Risk? [The Atlantic] What we have is a classic ivory-tower mentality: a group of academics who hole up in a room, make proclamations to the world, and ignore the chaos that consistently ensues. Perhaps we need a separate classification scheme for scientific organizations that are “confusogenic to humans.”
	4. Dépistage, diagnostic et pronostic
Getting the full picture: better imaging makes brain cancer easier to see [Cancer Research UK] While the research has, so far, only involved mice and more research is needed to see if the dye works just as well in humans, study author Professor Nicola Sibson, a Cancer Research UK scientist at Oxford University, says: “This is something we desperately need.”
Scientists discover how to better map brain tumours [Cancer Research UK] For the first time, scientists have identified a protein inside blood vessels found at the invasive edge of brain tumours – highlighting the area from where cancer is most likely to spread.
	4.12 Biopsies liquides
New Liquid Biopsy Test Uses Platelet RNA as Cancer Diagnostic [GEN] The investigators believe this new method could become even more useful than other molecular technologies for diagnosing cancer since it can also determine the primary location of the tumor and provide insight to potential therapeutic approaches.
	4.2 Dép., diag. & prono. - Génome
Gene-panel sequencing spurs improved diagnosis of hereditary cancer [Vall d'Hebron Institute Oncology] The conclusion of their findings is that the simultaneous analysis of high-penetrance gene panels is a proven, clinically relevant tool for genetic diagnosis in patients with hereditary breast and ovarian cancer.
	5. Traitements
Antiangiogenic breast cancer treatment primarily benefits patients with well-perfused tumors [Massachusetts General Hospital] An MGH research team, in collaboration with investigators at the Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, may have found a reason why the use of antiangiogenesis drugs – which has improved outcomes for patients with several types of cancer – fails to benefit some breast cancer patients.
A 'huge milestone': approval of cancer-hunting virus signals new treatment era [The Guardian] Treatments such as Imlygic have two modes of action: first, the virus directly attacks the cancer cells; and second, it triggers the body’s immune system to attack the rogue cells too once it detects the virus’s presence.
	5.2.1 Pharma - Partenariats
Merck KGaA inks cancer metabolism drug discovery alliance with Selvita [FierceBiotech] The alliance builds on an earlier two-year research collaboration into the discovery of enzyme inhibitors to regulate metabolic processes in cancer cells.
Sanofi, BioNTech sign cancer treatment partnership [Reuters] Sanofi and BioNTech said they signed a collaboration and license agreement to discover and develop up to five cancer immunotherapies.
	5.3 Traitements - FDA, EMA,...
Merck Receives Breakthrough Therapy Designation from U.S. Food and Drug Administration for KEYTRUDA® (pembrolizumab) in Advanced Colorectal Cancer [Merck] Designation Based on Results in Patients with Metastatic Colorectal Cancer with High Levels of Microsatellite Instability.
	6. Lutte contre les cancers
'I've been to hell and back. It's after cancer treatment that you need care' [The Guardian] Cancer is no longer a death sentence, but treatment is the first step in a long and arduous journey, and NHS services can’t keep up.
	6.1 Observation
Different types of ovarian cancer have different causes [Cancer Research UK] For ovarian cancer overall, women with one child had about a 20 per cent reduction in risk compared to women without children, and about a 40 cent reduction of endometrioid and clear cell tumours.
Mothers reduce risk of ovarian cancer with every child, Oxford University finds [The Telegraph] "We now need to understand the mechanisms behind these findings to develop some way to extend this lower risk to all women, regardless of how many children they have.”
	6.7 DMP, Big Data & applis
NCRI 2015: The importance of 'big data' for cancer research and treatment [ecancer - News] Amy Aberbethy from Flatiron Health, a Google company based in New York, USA, gave a compelling presentation of the importance of putting the cancer patient at the centre of big data initiatives.