Onco Actu du 26 octobre 2015 (1/2)

	0. A la Une
American Cancer Society eases mammogram recommendations [Reuters] The new ACS guidelines are the result of a review of new evidence on the benefits and harms of breast cancer screening.
Q&A: The New Mammogram Guidelines for Breast-Cancer Screening [Wall Street Journal] The American Cancer Society’s new guidelines for mammograms have raised many questions for women. Here are the answers to some of them.
How Breast Cancer Misdiagnosis Effects Women [Prevention] Should DCIS eventually progress, there's still time for additional treatment—after it's progressed, Esserman says. "We don't give people bone marrow transplants for something that may or may not develop into leukemia in 10 years."
New Screening Guidelines Won’t Assure Fewer Mammograms [The Incidental Economist] It is very hard to get doctors to do less. I have discussed this before in the context of the placebo effect in operations. Once physicians believe they are doing good, it is hard to get them to change their minds.
American Cancer Society says women should get mammograms later [The Guardian] The update also drops a recommendation for routine physical breast exams by doctors, saying there’s no evidence that these save lives.
American Cancer Society, in a Shift, Recommends Fewer Mammograms [NY Times] The group says women should start having mammograms at 45 and continue yearly until 54; it previously recommended mammograms and clinical breast exams every year, starting at 40.
Frequently Asked Questions About the American Cancer Society’s New Breast Cancer Screening Guideline [ACS] On October 20, 2015, the American Cancer Society released a new breast cancer screening guideline for women at average risk. The new guideline is published in the Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA). Here are some answers to questions that might be asked about it.
Brawley on Mammography: What we Know, What we Don't Know, and What we Believe [The Cancer Letter] This guideline applies to women of average risk. If we are truly interested in saving lives, we will support research to improve our ability to identify the young women who are at a high risk for breast cancer and likely to benefit from current screening technologies, and efforts to develop better screening tests.
ACS Recommends First Mammogram at 45, Transitioning to Biennial Screening After 55 [The Cancer Letter] “The new ACS guidelines are great, and for two reasons. First, they stress choice. Second, they come down between the recommendations of other groups. Both of these should convey to women that we just don’t know what to recommend.”
The Updated Breast Cancer Screening Guideline From The American Cancer Society [Dr. Len's Blog] Obviously, there have been some changes from the prior guideline. And some of those changes may be a bit difficult to understand, both for consumers and physicians alike.
Once more into the breach: The American Cancer Society publishes new mammography guidelines [Respectful Insolence] The key innovation in the approach used by the ACS is that, for purposes of estimating risk-benefit ratios, it broke down breast cancer risk not into ten year age intervals, but five year.
	1. Biologie
Biologists unravel drug-resistance mechanism in tumor cells [MIT News] “I would argue that this particular RNA-binding protein is really what makes tumor cells resistant to being killed by chemotherapy when p53 is not around.”
Tumor Suppressors Carry Out Their Job by Optimizing Cellular Metabolism [GEN] The gene for retinoblastoma susceptibility was the first tumor-suppressor gene, or anti-oncogene, identified in humans, and it was the first to be successfully knocked out of laboratory mice, which went on to develop tumors.
	2. Etiologie
Experts attack claims that bacon is 'as big a cancer threat as smoking' [The Telegraph] The World Health Organisation (WHO) will publish a report on Monday on the dangers of eating processed meats. It is expected to list processed meat as a cancer-causing substance, while fresh red meat is also expected to be regarded as bad for health, the Daily Mail said.
Meat industry braces for WHO cancer risk verdict [Reuters] The review has prompted lobbying efforts from meat industry representatives who fear a headline conclusion about a likely cancer risk could tarnish the image of certain types of meat, just as previous IARC recommendations did with diesel fumes and the common weedkiller glyphosate.
	2.6 Etiologie - Environnement
Prolonged low-level radiation exposure increases risk of cancer death [Cancer Research UK] The latest study included more than 300,000 people who had worked in nuclear industries - from France, the UK and the US – for an average of 12 years.
	2.8 Etiologie - Contraceptifs, THS
No, HRT isn’t ‘harmless’ – there are risks as well as benefits [Cancer Research UK] The evidence underpinning the benefits and risks of HRT didn’t arrive overnight – it has been accumulating for decades.
Hormone replacement therapy does increase cancer risk [Cancer Research UK] “We are very concerned about the coverage of this story in the media yesterday. We know that hormone therapy does increase a person’s risk of developing cancer. And it’s wrong to claim definitive evidence based on one small study.”
	3.3 Prévention - Vaccins
Study says doctors inadvertently discourage HPV vaccines [The Boston Globe] The study, which is based on a national online survey of 776 doctors, found a quarter did not strongly endorse the need for HPV vaccination with the parents of the 11- and 12-year-olds under their care.
EMA Commences Review to Further Clarify Safety Profile of HPV Vaccines [ESMO] The review will focus on rare reports of complex regional pain syndrome and postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome.
	3.4.1 Chimioprévention - aspirine
World’s largest clinical trial on aspirin to stop cancer returning launches today [Cancer Research UK] The study will compare two groups of people taking different doses of aspirin and a group taking placebo (dummy) tablets.
NHS to fund world’s largest study into effect of aspirin on cancer [The Guardian] Potentially ‘game-changing’ trial will take up to 12 years and monitor 11,000 patients.
	4. Dépistage, diagnostic et pronostic
Jumping the queue: could pharmacists help spot cancer? [Cancer Research UK] From September this year, nine pharmacies in the area have been able to send patients with suspected lung cancer symptoms directly to hospital for tests, bypassing the need for a GP appointment. So, how will this work? And will it help more people be diagnosed earlier?
	4.13 Dép., diag. & prono. - Peau
Tattoo ink may mimic cancer on PET-CT images, researchers warn [Scope Blog] In a case report published recently in the journal Obstetrics & Gynecology, researchers found that extensive tattoos can mimic metastases on positron emission tomography (PET) fused with computed tomography (CT).
More than 11 moles on an arm may be 'sign of skin cancer risk' [NHS Choices] Researchers have only adjusted for some of the confounding factors, like age, height and skin type. There are several other factors that need to be taken into account when making a connection between number of moles and melanoma – for example, an individual’s exposure to sun, whether they used sunscreen regularly and hormonal changes.
Arm mole count 'predicts skin cancer risk' [BBC News] Having more than 11 moles on one arm indicates a higher-than-average risk of skin cancer or melanoma, research suggests.
	4.9 Dép., diag. & prono. - Sein
Color Genomics Partners with University of California Health System in Landmark Athena WISDOM Study [Color] Based on the results of the Color Test and other risk indicators including family and medical history and breast density, women in one arm of the study will be offered a personalized breast cancer screening plan (e.g. mammography and other imaging techniques) that is tailored to their risk profile.
Test could predict whether breast cancer will spread to the brain [The Institute of Cancer Research] An analysis of almost 4,000 patients with breast cancer found that testing for high activity in a particular gene called alpha beta (αB)-crystallin could pick out women who were at greater risk of developing secondary brain tumours compared to women who tested negative.
	6. Lutte contre les cancers
Science Talk - What success looks like in the War on Cancer [The Institute of Cancer Research] The Economist magazine organises events around the world to discuss important economic or social issues, and its latest efforts have focused on the War on Cancer – a phrase coined by US President Richard Nixon when he launched an intensive campaign to cure the disease in 1971.
Genomic alterations could lead to a brave new world for cancer treatment [Cancer Research UK] A joint initiative of UNICANCER, ESMO and Cancer Research UK, the meeting on Molecular Analysis for Personalised therapy (MAP), to be held in Paris 23-24 October, will explore clinical interpretation of molecular tests for cancers that have spread.
Debate Over Early-Stage Cancer: To Treat or Not to Treat? [Wall Street Journal] “We have always been taught to fear cancer, that all cancer is bad, and all cancer should be operated on,” says Otis Brawley, chief medical officer of the American Cancer Society. But now as never before, he says, treatment regimens for several early forms of cancer, including prostate, breast and now thyroid, are being challenged.
Choosing Wisely: Changing medical practice is hard [Science-Based Medicine] Changing practice is hard, even when the physicians agree that a guideline is evidence-based. This difficulty is supported by another study by Simos et al., who compared rates of use of advanced imaging in early stage breast cancer pre- and post-Choosing Wisely.
	6.10 Politiques
Biden resurrects false promise of cancer "Moonshot" [HealthNewsReview] “If I could be anything, I’d have wanted to be the president who ended cancer. Because I believe it’s possible.”
	6.11 Patients
Cancer blogger tops ebook chart by making peace with her illness [The Guardian] It was the “stoical silence” that made Sophie Sabbage write her book while she was supposed to be dead.
	6.5 Médecines alternatives
Public service announcement: No, drinking your own urine will not cure breast cancer [Respectful Insolence] The article appears (as is so frequently the case) in The Daily Mail, and, as is so frequently the case with the Daily Fail, boasts a near-hysterical headline, Mother, 41, with advanced breast cancer REFUSES chemotherapy in favour of drinking her own urine, homoeopathy and a psychic surgeon to try and cure herself.
	6.6 Publications
Celebrating Our Third Anniversary! [ORCID] Building the research information “plumbing” could be a drudge job; it requires sustained activity and patience and is most definitely not sexy. With your support, however, it is fun. We are proud to be part of this community of organizations, across sectors and around the world, building a sustainable and interoperable infrastructure for digital scholarly communications.
	6.7 DMP, Big Data & applis
Why biomedical superstars are signing on with Google [Nature News & Comment] Tech firm’s ambitious goals and abundant resources attract life scientists.
	6.7.2 Applis
Cervical Cancer Screening With a Cellphone: Interview with Ariel Beery, CEO of MobileODT [Medgadget] Earlier this week we wrote about an innovative device from MobileODT that turns a cell phone into a colposcope for cervical cancer screening. Hot on the heels of winning the Medtech Innovator competition at AdvaMed, we had a chance to speak with Ariel Beery, the CEO of the company.