Onco Actu du 1er juin 2015

                                           Voir aussi le "Spécial ASCO" du jour

	1. Biologie
Researchers identify origin of chromosomal oddity in some cancer cells [Dana-Farber Cancer Institute] “Only three to five percent of cancer cells show signs of chromothripsis, but the mechanism by which it occurs has been a puzzle.”
	2.6 Etiologie - Environnement
Agribusiness nervous as WHO cancer unit analyzes popular pesticide [Reuters] "I do think they are going to upgrade 2,4-D," said Michael Hansen, a senior scientist at Consumers Union who has served on an advisory committee of the U.S. Department of Agriculture as well as an expert on WHO consultation projects.
	2.7 Etiologie - Obésité
Obesity is the 'new smoking' says NHS England's chief executive [The Guardian] “We’ve done very well in terms of cutting smoking and teenage pregnancy and drink driving,” Stevens said. “But the new smoking is obesity. One in five cancer deaths is now caused by obesity.”
	3.1 Tabac
How do you sell death? The tangled world of illicit tobacco [Cancer Research UK] Tobacco companies make more profit every year than Coca Cola, McDonald’s, Starbucks, Google, and Disney combined – a staggering £30 billion.
Did the English smoking ban stop 90,000 children getting ill? [NHS Choices] This gives us confidence in how well these findings may be generalisable because it limits selection bias. However, this study has limitations because of its design. As it is a "before and after" type of study, there may have been other factors that changed that may have influenced the results.
England smoking ban cuts children hospital admissions [Cancer Research UK] The law making it illegal to smoke in public indoor places saw 11,000 fewer children being admitted to hospital each year with lung infections, the study found.
Last cigarette: Beijing brings in smoking bans from Monday [The Guardian] Under the rules, anyone in China’s capital who violates the bans, which include smoking near schools and hospitals, must pay 200 yuan ($32.25).
China capital to roll out tough anti-smoking laws [Reuters] Beijing will ban smoking in restaurants, offices and on public transport from Monday, part of unprecedented new curbs welcomed by anti-tobacco advocates, though how they will be enforced remains to be seen.
Fewer adults dying because of smoking, figures for England suggest [The Guardian] From 2003-13 – a decade which saw the introduction of a ban on smoking in public places and a rise in cigarette prices – the proportion of all deaths in the 35+ age group estimated to be caused by smoking fell from 19% to 17%.
	4. Dépistage, diagnostic et pronostic
Laboratory Tests And Disruption In Medical Care: A New Frontier [Dr Len] Just as the democratization of information was part of the Internet revolution, so will our relationships with our patients change over time. Laboratory diagnostics are just part of the larger picture, but don't be surprised if it becomes a much larger part.
	5.2 Pharma
Bristol's Shares Take Hit From Cancer-Drug Results [Wall Street Journal] The stock fell 6.6% to $64.60 after the study results for the drug Opdivo were released in the afternoon at the annual meeting of the American Society of Clinical Oncology in Chicago. Analysts said the overall survival benefit was smaller than expected and the drug showed no significant benefit in a subgroup of patients—which could make Opdivo more vulnerable to competition from immune-boosting cancer drugs developed by Merck & Co. and Roche Holding AG.
Bristol-Myers sues immunotherapy exec who left for AstraZeneca [Reuters] Berman, who worked at Bristol for 10 years on immunotherapy-based cancer drugs, including Yervoy and the recently launched Opdivo, also broke non-compete agreements that were part of incentive pay packages, Bristol said.
	5.2.1 Pharma - Partenariats
Amgen and Merck Announce Expansion of Collaboration to Support Studies of Talimogene Laherparepvec in Combination with KEYTRUDA® (pembrolizumab) in Patients with Head and Neck Cancer [Merck] Companies Also Plan to Initiate Phase 3 Trial in Combination for Advanced Melanoma.
TESARO and Merck to Collaborate on a Combination Study of Niraparib and KEYTRUDA® (pembrolizumab) [Merck] Pneumonitis occurred in 12 (2.9%) of 411 patients with advanced melanoma receiving KEYTRUDA (the approved indication in the United States), including Grade 2 or 3 cases in 8 (1.9%) and 1 (0.2%) patients, respectively. The most common adverse reactions (reported in ≥20% of patients) were fatigue (47%), cough (30%), nausea (30%), pruritus (30%), rash (29%), decreased appetite (26%), constipation (21%), arthralgia (20%), and diarrhea (20%).
AstraZeneca and Lilly to test new cancer drug combination [Reuters] AstraZeneca’s experimental anti-PD-L1 immunotherapy drug MEDI4736 will be tested alongside Lilly's approved medicine Cyramza, or ramucirumab, the two companies said on Friday.
	5.2.2 Pharma - Fusions & Acquisitions
Betting on Pfizer merger--or CEO goodbye--traders go bullish on Glaxo [FiercePharma] As Bloomberg reports, options traders are paying record prices for bullish GSK options--and this after the British drugmaker lost $11 billion off its market cap in less than three months.
	5.3.4 Traitements - AMM (FDA, EMA)
Pfizer’s RAPAMUNE® (sirolimus) Becomes First FDA-Approved Treatment for Lymphangioleiomyomatosis (LAM), A Rare Progressive Lung Disease [Pfizer] This is the first approved treatment that helps stabilize lung function in patients with LAM.
	6. Lutte contre les cancers
Advancing The Tenet That In Cancer Care We Need To Embrace Curing When We Can And Comforting Always [Dr Len] It is now time to move the conversation to the next phase. We need to focus on the emotional, financial, late treatment effects and other realities that face many cancer survivors. We need to invest in quality of life research.
Intractable Pain Due to Cancer [Now@NEJM] The discomfort of most dying patients can be controlled with state-of-the-art palliative care, but there are rare patients whose symptoms cannot be controlled. In these rare cases, palliative sedation is considered.
	6.1 Observation
Prostate cancer patients eating 'western' diet more likely to die from disease [The Guardian] Those men preferring red meats, fat and processed grains were two-and-a-half-times more likely to die from cancer-related cause, study finds.
	6.3 Associations
Cancer Research UK appoints leading experts in surgery, children’s cancers and primary care | Cancer Research UK [Cancer Research UK] "We have an ambitious programme covering everything from how people can get faster access to cancer tests, how to deliver the most up to date cancer care across the UK and how to carry out the best clinical trials with all the new treatments that are coming out of our laboratory research. The clinical advisory team has the experience and skills to make sure that we can do this.”
	6.7 DMP, Big Data & applis
Artificial intelligence will enhance and personalise NHS care, says chairman of NHS England [The Telegraph] Sir Malcolm Grant says computers could enhance ability to diagnose illnesses and understand how to treat them better.
	6.9 Controverses
How can we stop big science hoovering up all the research funding? [The Guardian] “Take the 100,000 Genome Project. It’s a fabulous waste of money because it is hypothesis free – they’re not testing something”.