Onco Actu du 26 mai 2015

	1. Biologie
Quarter of sun-exposed skin samples had DNA mutations [NHS Choices] The genetic analysis of the study was robust, but used skin samples from just four people. This severely limits the generalisablity of the findings to the general population.
	2.7 Etiologie - Obésité
Obesity in adolescence linked to bowel cancer risk, says study [BBC News] Researchers followed nearly 240,000 Swedish men for 35 years. The analysis, published in the journal Gut, showed overweight teenagers went on to have twice the risk of bowel cancer. The figures were even higher in obese teens.
Obese teenage boys could have higher risk of bowel cancer, study says [The Guardian] Those who were obese in young adulthood, classified as having a BMI over 30, had 2.38 times the risk of developing bowel cancer as those who were of normal weight when they were recruited.
	3.1 Tabac
What's next for tobacco control? A smoke-free generation [The Conversation] The tobacco-free generation is a key “endgame” reform, recognised internationally as part of a suite of measures to finally eliminate tobacco smoking. If legislation currently before the Tasmanian parliament passes, the state could be the first in the world to prohibit the sale of tobacco to people born after 2000.
Smokers more likely to think cancer is a death sentence [Reuters] About 18 percent of current smokers would not want to know if they had cancer, compared with 11 percent of both former and non-smokers.
	4. Dépistage, diagnostic et pronostic
How Much Are We Over-Diagnosing Cancer? [Forbes] Just don’t believe anyone who says they know precisely how common such overdiagnoses are. Sometimes true expertise amounts to admitting what you don’t know.
	5. Traitements
Should placebos be used in randomized controlled trials of surgical interventions? [Science-Based Medicine] This review presents a conclusion that should not be a surprise to any surgeon: That there are a lot of procedures out there for which the evidence base is weak and that might not even do better than sham surgery.
	5.2 Pharma
Merck's Keytruda, BMS' Opdivo score European nods to keep immuno-oncology race blazing [FiercePharma] Many analysts see BMS ultimately taking the PD-1/PD-L1 crown: Lung cancer is far and away the biggest opportunity for the class, with $21 billion in potential sales by 2022.
Positive Phase I Results from CAR-T CD30 Immuno-Oncology Clinical Development Program [Cellular Biomedicine Group] The results of this trial to date demonstrated that five out of seven patients responded to the treatment. CD30-directed CAR-T cell therapy was demonstrated in this trial to be safe, feasible and efficient.
	5.2.3 Pharma - économie
Biotech Stock Mailbag: ASCO Preview, CAR-T stocks [TheStreet] Ambivalence might be the best word to describe the way investors spoke to me this week about Juno, Kite, Bellicum and Ziopharm. There is legitimate excitement for the CAR-T technology but less enthusiasm right now for the stocks.
	5.3.4 Traitements - AMM (FDA, EMA)
Merck Receives Positive CHMP Opinion for KEYTRUDA® (pembrolizumab) for the Treatment of Advanced Melanoma [Merck] Opinion for KEYTRUDA Based on Efficacy and Safety Data in More than 1,500 Patients with Advanced Melanoma as Both First-Line Therapy and in those Previously Treated.
Bristol-Myers Squibb Receives Positive CHMP Opinion in the European Union for Nivolumab (Opdivo, Nivolumab BMS) for the Treatment of Advanced Squamous Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer in Previously-Treated Patients [BMS] The CHMP positive opinion is based on data from CheckMate -017 and CheckMate -063, two trials that demonstrated the efficacy and safety of nivolumab in patients with advanced or metastatic squamous NSCLC who had progressed following previous chemotherapy treatment.
First medicine for rare blood cancer [EMA] EMA recommends Imbruvica for the treatment of Waldenstrӧm’s macroglobulinaemia.
EMA recommends treatment for rare cancer in children [EMA] Unituxin to prolong survival in young patients with high-risk neuroblastoma.
New treatment option for patients with advanced lung cancer [EMA] Recommendation of Nivolumab BMS follows previous positive opinion for nivolumab to treat advanced melanoma.
New treatment option recommended for patients with advanced melanoma [EMA] Keytruda extends range of treatment options for melanoma patients with poor prognosis.
	5.4 Traitements - Economie
England's Cancer Drugs Fund keeps Bayer's Stivarga, axes Eisai and Lilly meds [FiercePharma] As Paul Catchpole, director of value for the Association of the British Pharmaceutical Industry (ABPI) told Pharmafile, the CDF re-evaluation is "fundamentally flawed" and the fund is a "sticking plaster covering a seeping wound.
Cancer fund reprieve for just one drug, Regorafenib [BBC News] The fund, which pays for drugs not routinely available on the NHS, has cut the number of treatments offered in order to balance the books. Four appeals were subsequently rejected, but Regorafenib will now continue to be offered on the scheme.
	6. Lutte contre les cancers
This Is the Chart That Keeps Me Up at Night [Bloomberg] Reduced federal spending on research and development poses “the risk of a widening innovation deficit in America relative to the rest of the world.”
War on Cancer [The Economist] The Economist Events' inaugural War on Cancer event will bring together the most influential healthcare leaders from Europe to explore and shape the dialogue on cancer.
Pharma's Personalized Medicine Investment Remains Steady; Science a Major Hurdle, Tufts Report Shows [Genome Web] Despite all the consternation about the reimbursement and regulatory challenges facing the field of personalized medicine, getting the science right is still the primary challenge for drug and diagnostics companies interviewed by Tufts University.
	6.3 Associations
Cancer charity scam stirs up emotions [CNN] "If I were to find out that one of the charities I was volunteering my time and money to was doing something shady, of course I would be devastated. I don't know if I could trust another organization for many years."
Four Cancer Charities Charged With Fraud in Raising $187 Million [The Cancer Letter] For-profit fundraising companies that were used by the charities got to keep 80 percent or more of the contributions, the complaint states. In some cases, they kept 95 cents of every dollar brought in.
	6.5 Médecines alternatives
Attitudes and beliefs about complementary and alternative medicine predict use among patients with cancer [ecancer - News] Among 969 participants surveyed between June 2010 and September 2011, patients who were older, those who were female, and those who had a college education tended to expect greater benefits from complementary and alternative medicine.
	6.6 Publications
Scientist registry unveils plan to recognize efforts of peer-reviewers [Nature News & Comment] Movement to publicly record peer-reviewing activity gains momentum.
	6.9 Controverses
The Price of Deception: How a Duke Patient was Harmed in Potti’s Fraudulent Trials [The Cancer Letter] In July 2008, Shoffner became patient No. 1 in the trial that promised to choose the best therapy for the unique characteristics of her disease. Alas, the groundbreaking genomic predictors pioneered by Anil Potti and his mentor Joseph Nevins, which the trials were testing, would turn out to be fraudulent.
Should we stop talking about ‘negative’ results? [BMJ Blogs] So – should we be thinking about what we call studies like these? Is the term ‘negative result’ just too… negative? Could it be influencing authors (or editors) unduly and if so what should we be calling these studies?