Onco Actu du 19 mai 2015

	1. Biologie
Study may explain mysterious cancer–day care connection [Science] For Mel Greaves, a cancer cell biologist at the University of London’s Institute of Cancer Research, the finding provides an explanation for the hypothesis he has long promoted: that when infants in modern societies are sheltered from routine infections, their immune systems are more likely to overreact during later infections, paving the way for acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
	4.1 Dép., diag. & prono. - Prostate
Urine-based test improves on PSA for detecting prostate cancer [University of Michigan Comprehensive Cancer Center] The test, developed at the University of Michigan Comprehensive Cancer Center, is called Mi-Prostate Score, or MiPS. It combines PSA with two markers for prostate cancer, T2:ERG and PCA3, both of which can be detected through a urine sample.
Prostate Cancer Testing Drops Off After Controversial Guidelines [US News] The overall rate of PSA testing dropped 50 percent at primary care clinics operated by Oregon Health & Science University (OHSU) after the task force recommended against such screening, findings from the first study show.
	4.10 Dép., diag. & prono. - FDA, EMA, NICE,...
I Love Them, I Love Them Not….. Proposed Revised Medicare Guidelines For Coverage of BRCA Testing [The DNA Exchange] No doubt this LCD will cause strong reactions, both pro and con. Genetic counselor input is critical. It is not a finalized document and we can play a key role in shaping the delivery of medical genetic services.
CMS Unveils Draft LCD for BRCA1 and BRCA2 Genetic Tests [GEN] The Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) has issued a draft local coverage determination (LCD) allowing limited coverage for BRCA1 and BRCA2 genetic testing, both individually and as part of multi-gene panels.
	4.12 Biopsies liquides
New device successfully captures metastasis-associated circulating tumor cell clusters [Massachusetts General Hospital] The latest version of a microfluidic device for capturing rare circulating tumor cells is the first designed specifically to capture clusters of two or more cells, rather than single cells. Recent studies by MGH investigators and others have suggested that CTC clusters are significantly more likely to cause metastases than single circulating tumor cells.
Genomic Health Advances Liquid Biopsy Pipeline, Shows Ability to Accurately Monitor Urine for Presence of Bladder Cancer [Genomic Health] These new results, combined with an upcoming presentation of more detailed proof-of-concept study results at the American Association for Cancer Research (AACR) Precision Medicine Meeting in June, demonstrate Genomic Health's continued progress toward developing non-invasive tests aimed at individualizing cancer treatment at every stage of the disease.
	4.9 Dép., diag. & prono. - Sein
Extra radiology exams may only benefit some women with dense breasts [Reuters] The new study provides compelling evidence that breast density should not be the sole criteria to guide decisions about supplement screening.
Change To Mammogram Guidelines Could Lead To Coverage Shift [NPR] Lin says, even if Congress doesn't intervene and some insurers refuse to pay for mammograms, that wouldn't necessarily be a bad thing.
Study Finds Dense Breast Tissue Isn’t Always a High Cancer Risk [NY Times] The study findings are based on the medical records of 365,426 women ages 40 to 74 who had screening mammograms from 2002 through 2011.
	5. Traitements
UK-US study compares radiotherapy with proton therapy in childhood cancer [The Institute of Cancer Research] The study will be looking at the quality of life of patients who have survived medulloblastoma who have been treated at The Royal Marsden with state of the art photon therapy, including intensity modulated radiotherapy. Their outcomes will be compared with those from patients who have been treated for the same condition with proton therapy at Massachusetts General Hospital.
Nanotherapy effective in mice with multiple myeloma [Washington University in St. Louis] Targeted specifically to the malignant cells, these nanoparticles protect their therapeutic cargo from degradation in the bloodstream and greatly enhance drug delivery into the cancer cells.
Targeting the supply lines: metabolic approaches to killing cancer cells [Cancer World] Recent years have seen a revival of interest in the unique metabolism of cancer cells. This time the focus is on the potential it offers as a target, rather than any possible causal role, but that link with obesity still needs explaining.
	5.12 Immunothérapies
Human Ingenuity Takes On Cancer’s Darwinian Ways [NY Times] With every other treatment science has invented — chemotherapy, radiation, targeted drugs — cancer has shown an appalling ability to evolve workarounds. The hope is that this time, it will be different.
	5.2 Pharma
Agios Announces FDA Fast Track Designation Granted to AG-120 for Treatment of Patients with Acute Myelogenous Leukemia with an IDH1 Mutation [Agios] AG-120 is a first-in-class, oral, selective, potent inhibitor of the mutated IDH1 protein being evaluated in two Phase 1 clinical trials, one in hematologic malignancies that recently initiated three expansion cohorts, and one in advanced solid tumors, including glioma.
Immunomedics Awarded Fast Track Designation by FDA for Sacituzumab Govitecan for Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Therapy [Immunomedics] Sacituzumab govitecan is a next generation ADC developed by the Company by conjugating the moderately-toxic drug, SN-38, site-specifically and at a high ratio of drug to antibody.
	5.2.1 Pharma - Partenariats
Sorrento dives into immuno-oncology under Soon-Shiong's shadow [FierceBiotech] The new venture, dubbed TNK Therapeutics, will focus on developing immunotherapies derived from a collaboration between Sorrento and California biotech Conkwest.
	5.5.1.1 ASCO (général) - Industriels
Foundation Medicine and Collaborators to Present Data in 22 Oral and Poster Presentations at the 2015 ASCO Annual Meeting [Foundation Medicine] his year, much of our data focuses on tumors that remain therapeutic challenges such as non-small cell lung cancer and others that are similarly arduous but under studied, including biliary tract and AYA malignancies.
	6. Lutte contre les cancers
Gerstner Family Foundation commits $10 million to Broad Institute to overcome cancer drug resistance [Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard] First, researchers at Broad Institute will systematically and comprehensively identify the mechanism of drug resistance, using CRISPR genome-editing technology. At the same time, a Broad Institute team will build on efforts to develop ‘blood-based’ tumor biopsies.
	6.10 Politiques
Proposed cuts to Europe’s research budget – why we’re fighting back [Cancer Research UK] By taking money from Horizon 2020, the European Fund for Strategic Investment or ‘EFSI’ presents a real danger that less EU funding will be available for research – putting at risk the very life blood of Europe’s progress on research, and health. And we think that’s a huge concern.
As in 2014, “right-to-try” laws continue to metastasize in 2015 [Science-Based Medicine] These laws are bad for patients, bad for doctors, bad for drug development, and bad for science. That’s why going through the states is the wrong way to attack this problem.
	6.6 Publications
ORI-sanctioned former UT-Southwestern cancer researchers up to 10 retractions [Retraction Watch] In this case, the paper was pulled for falsification of a western blot of the methylation of four genes in prostate cancer.
	6.9 Controverses
Drug trials firm to challenge plans for greater transparency over results [The Guardian] A judicial review will examine Health Research Authority plans for firms to publish all results, even when a drug is shown not to be beneficial.